Floristic novelties in the context of interdisciplinary studies

Nowa days, interdisciplinary studies are increasingly important. Integration of botany with humanities, particularly with archaeology and ethnology, is amongst these studies. It is noteworthy that, as a result of such surveys, not only “synthetic” new data could be obtained, but also data in the specific fields of knowledge that compose these multidisciplinary complexes. Thus, during the archaeo- and ethnobotanical studies in Armenia in 2017–2021, along with the data on plant resources, little-known phytonyms, etc., some new floristic data were also recorded regarding the following species: Amaranthus graecizans L., A. hybridus L., Chamaenerion angustifolium (L.) Scop., Diospyros lotus L., Eleocharis palustris (L.) Roem. & Schult., Heracleum trachyloma Fisch. & C.A. Mey., Humulus lupulus L., Hippophae rhamnoides L., Polygonatum orientale Desf., and Ranunculus lateriflorus DC. Earlier, we also procured new data on the phytogeography for such species as Crataegus × armena Pojark., Ephedra procera Fisch. & C.A. Mey., Erodium ciconium (L.) L’Hér., Leonurus cardiaca L., Leucanthemum vulgare L., Matricaria matricarioides (Less.) Porter ex Britt., Neslia paniculata (L.) Desv., Origanum vulgare L., Salvia nemorosa L., Thymus eriophorus Ronn., Th. transcaucasicus Ronn., Tripleurospermum caucasicum (Willd.) Hayek, and T. parviflorum (Willd.) Pobed. Among the species, for which phytogeographic and floristic novelties were recorded, are crop wild relatives, endemics, and rare species, included in the IUCN list. Summarizing the findings, it can be stated that archaeo- and ethnobotany are productive not only in their interdisciplinary, “hybrid” results but also in the disciplines they both synthesize. This is the evidence that interdisciplinary approaches are highly efficient for research, demonstrating a mutually enhanced, i.e., synergistic effect in complex studies

Effect of side-chain asymmetry on the intermolecular structure and order-disorder transition in alkyl-substituted polyfluorenes

We study relations among the side-chain asymmetry, structure, and order-disorder transition (ODT) in hairy-rod-type poly(9,9-dihexylfluorene) (PF6) with two identical side chains and atactic poly(9-octyl-9-methylfluorene) (PF1-8) with two different side chains per repeat. PF6 and PF1-8 organize into alternating side-chain and backbone layers that transform into an isotropic phase at T-ODT(PF6) and T-bi(ODT)(PF1-8). We interpret polymers in terms of monodisperse and bidisperse brushes and predict scenarios T-ODT <T-bi(ODT) and T-ODT similar to T-bi(ODT) for high and low grafting densities (the side-chain length above or below the average grafting distance). Calorimetry and x-ray scattering indicate the condition T-ODT(PF6) similar to T-bi(ODT)(PF1-8) following the low grafting prediction. PF6 side chains coming from the alternating backbone layers appear as two separate layers with thickness H(PF6), whereas PF1-8 side chains appear as an indistinguishable bilayer with a half thickness H-bilayer(PF1-8)/2 approximate to H(PF6). The low grafting density region is structurally possible but not certain for PF6 and confirmed for PF1-8.Peer reviewe

Moments of Nucleon Generalized Parton Distributions in Lattice QCD

Calculation of moments of generalized parton distributions in lattice QCD requires more powerful techniques than those previously used to calculate moments of structure functions. Hence, we present a novel approach that exploits the full information content from a given lattice configuration by measuring an overdetermined set of lattice observables to provide maximal statistical constraints on the generalized form factors at a given virtuality, t. In an exploratory investigation using unquenched QCD configurations at intermediate sea quark masses, we demonstrate that our new technique is superior to conventional methods and leads to reliable numerical signals for the n=2 flavor singlet generalized form factors up to 3 GeV^2. The contribution from connected diagrams in the flavor singlet sector to the total quark angular momentum is measured to an accuracy of the order of one percent.Comment: 16 pages, 8 figures, LaTeX, minor elaboration of formalism and singular value decomposition for non-specialists and addition of several reference

A Keck Survey of Gravitational Lens Systems: I. Spectroscopy of SBS 0909+532, HST 1411+5211, and CLASS B2319+051

We present new results from a continuing Keck program to study gravitational lens systems. We have obtained redshifts for three lens systems, SBS 0909+532, HST 1411+5211, and CLASS B2319+051. For all of these systems, either the source or lens redshift (or both) has been previously unidentified. We find (z_l, z_s) = (0.830, 1.377) for SBS 0909+532; (z_l, z_s) = (0.465, 2.811) for HST 1411+5211, although the source redshift is still tentative; and (z_l1, z_l2) = (0.624, 0.588) for the two lensing galaxies in CLASS B2319+051. The background radio source in B2319+051 has not been detected optically; its redshift is, therefore, still unknown. We find that the spectral features of the central lensing galaxy in all three systems are typical of an early-type galaxy. The observed image splittings in SBS 0909+532 and HST 1411+5211 imply that the masses within the Einstein ring radii of the lensing galaxies are 1.4 x 10^{11} and 2.0 x 10^{11} h^{-1} M_sun, respectively. The resulting B band mass-to-light ratio for HST 1411+5211 is 41.3 +/- 1.2 h (M/L)_sun, a factor of 5 times higher than the average early-type lensing galaxy. This large mass-to-light is almost certainly the result of the additional mass contribution from the cluster CL 3C295 at z = 0.46. For the lensing galaxy in SBS 0909+532, we measure (M/L)_B = 4^{+11}_{-3} h (M/L)_sun where the large errors are the result of significant uncertainty in the galaxy luminosity. While we cannot measure directly the mass-to-light ratio of the lensing galaxy in B2319+051, we estimate that (M/L)_B is between 3-7 h (M/L)_sun.Comment: Accepted for publication in Astronomical Journal. 21 pages, including 7 figure

The Heavy Photon Search beamline and its performance

The Heavy Photon Search (HPS) is an experiment to search for a hidden sector photon, aka a heavy photon or dark photon, in fixed target electroproduction at the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility (JLab). The HPS experiment searches for the e$^+$e$^-$ decay of the heavy photon with bump hunt and detached vertex strategies using a compact, large acceptance forward spectrometer, consisting of a silicon microstrip detector (SVT) for tracking and vertexing, and a PbWO$_4$ electromagnetic calorimeter for energy measurement and fast triggering. To achieve large acceptance and good vertexing resolution, the first layer of silicon detectors is placed just 10 cm downstream of the target with the sensor edges only 500 $\mu$m above and below the beam. Placing the SVT in such close proximity to the beam puts stringent requirements on the beam profile and beam position stability. As part of an approved engineering run, HPS took data in 2015 and 2016 at 1.05 GeV and 2.3 GeV beam energies, respectively. This paper describes the beam line and its performance during that data taking

Probing the nucleon structure with CLAS

An overview of recent results with CLAS is presented with emphasis on nucleon resonance studies, nucleon spin structure, and generalized parton distributions.Comment: Plenary talk presented at NSTAR 2007, Bonn, German

The HPS electromagnetic calorimeter

The Heavy Photon Search experiment (HPS) is searching for a new gauge boson, the so-called “heavy photon.” Through its kinetic mixing with the Standard Model photon, this particle could decay into an electron-positron pair. It would then be detectable as a narrow peak in the invariant mass spectrum of such pairs, or, depending on its lifetime, by a decay downstream of the production target. The HPS experiment is installed in Hall-B of Jefferson Lab. This article presents the design and performance of one of the two detectors of the experiment, the electromagnetic calorimeter, during the runs performed in 2015–2016. The calorimeter's main purpose is to provide a fast trigger and reduce the copious background from electromagnetic processes through matching with a tracking detector. The detector is a homogeneous calorimeter, made of 442 lead-tungstate (PbWO4) scintillating crystals, each read out by an avalanche photodiode coupled to a custom trans-impedance amplifier

Medication adherence in patients with cardiovascular disease: current view of the problem

In this article the authors address the problem of poor medication adherence in patients with cardiovascular disease. Poor medication adherence significantly reduces efficacy of pharmacotherapy thus increasing risk of cardiovascular complications and higher treatment costs in routine clinical practice. This problem was first raised by a few foreign scientists in the 90s and then officially recognized by the World Health Organization in 2003. The article presents review on the prevalence of low medication adherence in patients with cardiovascular disease and describes key factors associated with decreased adherence. An overview of widely used indirect methods to measure medication adherence is presented as well. On the way to solve this problem, the development and implementation of various measures and interventions to improve medication adherence is actively carried out in recent years. The results of the most significant studies on the effectiveness of such interventions are also presented in the article. Positive influence on patient adherence was demonstrated, however, only a number of studies reported reduction of the risk of unfavorable clinical outcomes of cardiovascular diseases. This confirms the need to further study the problem of medication adherence focusing on routine clinical practice in Russia

The Chiral Soliton Model for Arbitrary Colors and Flavors

The quantum numbers of the chiral soliton are derived for an arbitrary number of colors and flavors

A fitter code for Deep Virtual Compton Scattering and Generalized Parton Distributions

We have developped a fitting code based on the leading-twist handbag Deep Virtual Compton Scattering (DVCS) amplitude in order to extract the Generalized Parton Distributions (GPD) information from DVCS observables in the valence region. In a first stage, with simulations and pseudo-data, we show that the full GPD information can be recovered from experimental data if enough observables are measured. If only part of these observables are measured, valuable information can still be extracted, certain observables being particularly sensitive to certain GPDs. In a second stage, we make a practical application of this code to the recent DVCS Jefferson Lab Hall A data from which we can extract numerical constraints for the two $H$ GPD Compton Form Factors.Comment: 15 pages, 8 figure