CO-17: Polymorphismes du gène de la t-cadhérine (CDH13), adiponectinémie et indice de stéatose hépatique dans DESIR

National audienceIntroduction Le Fatty Liver Index (FLI), indice de stéatose hépatique, prédit la survenue du diabète de type 2 à 9 ans dans l'étude D.E.S.I.R. L'adiponectine est une adipocytokine insulino-sensibilisatrice inversement associée à la stéatose hépatique. Nous avons montré que les polymorphismes du gène de la t-cadhérine (CDH13), récepteur des formes actives de l'adiponectine, sont associés au diabète de type 2 et à l'adiponectinémie. Le but de notre étude est d'approfondir les relations entre variations génétiques de CDH13 et le FLI. Patients et Méthodes Quatre polymorphismes de CDH13 (rs11646213, rs12051272, rs3865188, rs4783244) ont été génotypés dans la cohorte issue de la population générale, D.E.S.I.R. Nous avons sélectionné les sujets consommant des doses d'alcool < 30 g/jour pour les hommes et < 20 g/jour pour les femmes (n = 3 650). Les concentrations initiales d'adiponectine ont été dosées chez des sujets devenus hyperglycémiques à 3 ans et des témoins normoglycémiques appariés pour le sexe, l'âge et l'indice de masse corporelle (IMC) (N = 400). Nous avons réparti le FLI en deux classes en fonction du seuil discriminant pour la survenue du diabète de type 2 dans D.E.S.I.R. (< 70 et ≥ 70). Les relations entre polymorphismes et FLI ont été estimées par régression logistique, avec ajustement sur les facteurs confondants (sexe, âge, IMC, consommation d'alcool). Résultats Dans D.E.S.I.R., le FLI est inversement corrélé à la concentration d'adiponectine (p < 0,0001). Les 4 polymorphismes sont associés au FLI. Le risque d'avoir un FLI ≥ 70, à l'entrée et à la fin de l'étude, est diminué chez les porteurs de l'allèle mineur du rs3865188 (début : OR = 0,72 [95 % IC 0,57-0,92] ; fin : OR = 0,75 [0,61-0,92]) et du rs4783244 (début : OR = 0,74 [0,58-0,95] ; fin : OR = 0,77 [0,62-0,94]). Ce risque est augmenté en début d'étude pour les porteurs de l'allèle mineur du rs12051272 (OR = 5,55 [1,19-26,0]) et en fin d'étude pour les porteurs de l'allèle mineur du rs11646213 (OR = 1,22 [1-1,49]). Les résultats restent significatifs après ajustement sur l'HbA1c. Conclusions Les polymorphismes de CDH13, associés au diabète de type 2, sont également associés au FLI dans la population française. Cette association pourrait s'expliquer par des variations d'adiponectinémie et suggérer un lien de causalit

Vitamin D deficiency, vitamin D receptor gene polymorphisms and cardiovascular risk factors in Caribbean patients with type 2 diabetes.

International audienceAIM: The prevalence of diabetes in the French West Indies is three times higher than in mainland France. We aimed to assess the associations between vitamin D deficiency, vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene polymorphisms and cardiovascular risk factors in Caribbean patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). METHODS: In this cross-sectional study of 277 patients, 25-hydroxyvitamin D was measured by radioimmunoassay. FokI, BsmI, ApaI and TaqI single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the VDR gene were genotyped. Analysis of covariance and logistic regression were performed. RESULTS: The study included 76 patients of Indian descent and 201 patients of African descent. The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency (<20 ng/mL) was 42.6%. When patients were classified into groups with (G1) and without (G2) vitamin D deficiency, there were no significant differences in age, systolic blood pressure, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and HbA(1c), although body mass index was significantly higher in G1. Vitamin D deficiency was significantly associated with increased diastolic blood pressure and triglyceride levels, and reduced high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (P<0.05). Prevalence of vitamin D deficiency was decreased in patients carrying the f allele of FokI (OR: 0.52; P=0.02) and the aa genotype of ApaI (OR: 0.46; P=0.05). BsmI and TaqI SNPs were not associated with vitamin D deficiency. CONCLUSION: The rate of vitamin D deficiency was high in our T2D patients, and was associated with the VDR gene FokI and ApaI polymorphisms and cardiovascular risk profile. Measurements of vitamin D may help to detect T2D patients with cardiovascular risk, and VDR polymorphisms might explain why vitamin D deficiency is so frequently seen in some T2D patients

Catalase Activity, Allelic Variations In The Catalase Gene And Risk Of Kidney Complications In Patients With Type 1 Diabetes

Aims/hypothesis: Oxidative stress is involved in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy. The antioxidant enzyme catalase plays a key role in redox regulation in the kidney. We investigated associations of catalase gene (CAT) polymorphisms and plasma catalase activity with diabetic nephropathy in type 1 diabetic patients. Methods: We genotyped nine single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the CAT region in participants from the Survival Genetic Nephropathy (SURGENE) (340 French participants, 10 year follow-up) and the Génétique de la Néphropathie Diabétique (GENEDIAB) (444 Belgian and French participants, 8 year follow-up) study cohorts. Replication was performed in a Brazilian cross-sectional cohort (n = 451). Baseline plasma catalase activity was measured in SURGENE (n = 120) and GENEDIAB (n = 391) participants. Results: The A allele of rs7947841 was associated with the prevalence of incipient (OR 2.79, 95% CI 1.21, 6.24, p = 0.01) and established or advanced nephropathy (OR 5.72, 95% CI 1.62, 22.03, p = 0.007), and with the incidence of renal events, which were defined as new cases of microalbuminuria or progression to a more severe stage of nephropathy during follow-up (HR 1.82, 95% CI 1.13, 2.81, p = 0.01) in SURGENE participants. The same risk allele was associated with incipient nephropathy (OR 3.13, 95% CI 1.42, 7.24, p = 0.004) and with the incidence of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) (HR 2.11, 95% CI 1.23, 3.60, p = 0.008) in GENEDIAB participants. In both cohorts, the risk allele was associated with lower catalase activity. Associations with incipient and established or advanced nephropathy were confirmed in the replication cohort. Conclusions/interpretation: CAT variants were associated with the prevalence and incidence of diabetic nephropathy and ESRD in type 1 diabetic patients. 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Catalase activity, allelic variations in the catalase gene and risk of kidney complications in patients with type 1 diabetes

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Oxidative stress is involved in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy. The antioxidant enzyme catalase plays a key role in redox regulation in the kidney. We investigated associations of catalase gene (CAT) polymorphisms and plasma catalase activity with diabetic nephropathy in type 1 diabetic patients. We genotyped nine single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the CAT region in participants from the Survival Genetic Nephropathy (SURGENE) (340 French participants, 10 year follow-up) and the G,n,tique de la N,phropathie Diab,tique (GENEDIAB) (444 Belgian and French participants, 8 year follow-up) study cohorts. Replication was performed in a Brazilian cross-sectional cohort (n = 451). Baseline plasma catalase activity was measured in SURGENE (n = 120) and GENEDIAB (n = 391) participants. The A allele of rs7947841 was associated with the prevalence of incipient (OR 2.79, 95% CI 1.21, 6.24, p = 0.01) and established or advanced nephropathy (OR 5.72, 95% CI 1.62, 22.03, p = 0.007), and with the incidence of renal events, which were defined as new cases of microalbuminuria or progression to a more severe stage of nephropathy during follow-up (HR 1.82, 95% CI 1.13, 2.81, p = 0.01) in SURGENE participants. The same risk allele was associated with incipient nephropathy (OR 3.13, 95% CI 1.42, 7.24, p = 0.004) and with the incidence of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) (HR 2.11, 95% CI 1.23, 3.60, p = 0.008) in GENEDIAB participants. In both cohorts, the risk allele was associated with lower catalase activity. Associations with incipient and established or advanced nephropathy were confirmed in the replication cohort. CAT variants were associated with the prevalence and incidence of diabetic nephropathy and ESRD in type 1 diabetic patients. Our results confirm the protective role of catalase against oxidative stress in the kidney.561227332742Association Diabete Risque Vasculaire (ADRV)Association L'Aide Aux Jeunes Diabetiques (AJD), FranceFundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)FAPESP [11/15015-8