Blood microbiome of patients with atherosclerosis

Aim of the study was to assess the composition of blood microbiome in patients with atherosclerosis, to compare it with microflora and microbiome of atherosclerotic plaques, to identify common taxons for microbiomes of blood and atherosclerotic plaques, as well as to perform a correlation analysis of various blood and urine parameters in the examined patients with the structure of «core» of the blood bacterial community. Material and methods. 19 men and 5 women aged 33–81 years (mean age 64.1 ± 9.8 years) with common carotid artery atherosclerosis confirmed by Doppler ultrasonography of vessels were examined. The microbial diversity of 24 blood samples from patients with vascular atherosclerosis was examined using 16S ribosomal RNA (16S rRNA) gene sequencing. 16 samples of atherosclerotic carotid artery plaques were examined by а bacteriological method. Correlation analysis of the results was performed by methods of nonparametric statistics. Results. Most of the sequences obtained were classified as Proteobacteria (73.9 %), Actinobacteria (11.4 %), Bacteroidetes (2.8 %), Cyanobacteria (1.3 %), Firmicutes (1.1 %), Fusobacteria (0.7 %). Genes of 16S rRNA of Propionibacterium acnes, undifferentiated species of the families Micrococcaceae, Caulobacteraceae, Bradyrhizobiaceae, genera Bradyrhizobium and Sphingomonas were found in all the examined blood samples of patients with atherosclerosis and comprised from 67.7 to 87.5 % of the microbial community taxons. 75 % of biopsy samples from atherosclerotic plaques showed growth of the bacteria: Propionibacterium acnes (43.8 %), Staphylococcus epidermidis (18.8 %), Staphylococcus capitis (6.3 %), Staphylococcus saccharolyticus (6.3 %). The common taxons for blood microbiomes and atherosclerotic plaques are Propionibacterium acnes and Bradyrhizobiaceae. Discussion. The present study is the first to report the blood microbiome of patients with atherosclerosis and to detect viable cultures of Propionibacterium acnes and Staphylococcus in biopsy samples of atherosclerotic plaques, providing a mechanistic link between microorganisms and cardiovascular disease. Propionibacterium acnes and Bradyrhizobiaceae are common taxons for blood microbiomes and atherosclerotic plaques. It can be assumed that Propionibacterium acnes species is a specific taxon both of atherosclerotic carotid artery plaques and blood of patients with carotid atherosclerosis; additional studies on the etiological significance of the microbial factor in the formation of atherosclerotic plaques are required

Blood microflora of patients with atherosclerotic vascular lesions and microflora of atherosclerotic plaques of carotid arteries

Aim of the study was to assess the frequency of microflora detection in the blood of patients with atherosclerotic vascular lesions and middle-aged patients without clinical symptoms of atherosclerosis. Compare the nature of microflora isolated from blood and the range of microorganisms isolated from atherosclerotic plaques (AP) of patients with carotid arteries atherosclerosis. Material and methods. The hemocultures of 118 men and 33 women with atherosclerosis (mean age 55.6 years) as well as 10 blood samples of 3 men and 7 women formed into a control group (mean age 37 years) were examined. Test samples were cultivated for 6 months. Tissue platings of carotid arteries AP in 11 women and 24 men of the main group (mean age 58.0) were incubated for 2 months. Methods based on Student’s t-test and Mann-Whitney U-test were used for statistical analysis of the obtained results. Results. Propionibacterium acnes hemocultures were detected in 9.9 % of patients from the main and control groups. In blood Staphylococcus epidermidis and Stenotrophomonas maltophylia were detected in 0.7 % of samples. P. acnes and Staphylococcus spp. cultures were obtained from AP in 34.3 and 45.7 %, including both microorganisms in 8.6 % of samples. Conclusions. P. acnes cultures are found equally frequently in the blood of atherosclerotic patients and patients not yet diagnosed with atherosclerosis. This study confirmed the presence of the same-name microorganisms in blood and atherosclerotic plaques. In 5.7 % (2 of 35) it was possible to extract simultaneously a P. acnes culture from two loci (atherosclerotic tissue and blood) in specific individuals. Further detailed research is required to study the etiological significance of the microbial factor in the atherosclerotic plaque formation

EPIDEMIOLOGY OF MULTIPLE MYELOMA ACCORDING TO THE КIROV REGION POPULATION REGISTERS

The aim of this study was to analyze the basic epidemiological parameters of MM in the Kirov region based on own regional population register data.Materials and methods. Five hundred and sixty-seven patients with newly diagnosed MM between 1994 and 2016 were included. The median age was 64 years (range, 29–90).  The age-standardized incidence of MM in Kirov region was 1.8 cases per 100.000/year.Results. During research period (23 years) we have the positive trend of the incidence and prevalence of MM and negative tendency of mortality every year. Our prognosis of the intensive incidence in Kirov region is 2.2–2.3  cases per 100.000 in 2017–2019  years. The 5-year overall survival rate (5y-OS) was 18 % (1994–1999);  24 % (2000–2005) and 36 % (2006–2011) respectively. The median OS was 28; 26 and 38 month respectively. The median OS for patients who diagnosed in the period 2012–2016  was not achieved. The reason for the increase in the prevalence of the disease and the reduction in mortality is the greater effectiveness of new bortezomib-containing chemotherapy regimens.Conclusion.  Аmong the Kirov region population standardized incidence of MM  is 1.8 cases per 100.000/year.  The  prevalence of MM in the Kirov region has a linear growth trend from 3 to 11 patients per 100.000 peoples within the analyzed period of observation 1994–2016. OS increased from 18 to 36 % in the period from 1994 to 2011. OS of MM patients has been increasing since 2006, due to using bortezomib-containing treatment options and autologous stem cell transplantation. In general, the 5-year OS increased from 18 to 36% in the period from 1994 to 2011

Distribution of antigens of the HLA-system in married couples with reproductive disorders

Aim: to study the distribution of HLA-antigens in married couples with failed conception and/or carrying of pregnancy, and to assess the occurrence rate and the presence of common alleles of the main histocompatibility complex in couples with infertility and miscarriages.Materials and methods. We conducted HLA-typing of 198 married couples with aggravated obstetric history. The main inclusion criteria were conception failures and unsuccessful outcomes of previous pregnancies. The HLA-class I antigen typing was carried out using a standard micro-lymphocyte-toxic test («Gisans», Russia); for the class II HLA-antigens, real-time polymerase chain reaction («DNA-Technology», Russia) was used. Based on the obstetric and gynecological history, the patients were divided into 2 subgroups: 1st – those with infertility and 2nd– with recurrent miscarriages. The comparison group included 101 married couples with no aggravated obstetric history, no infectious, no endocrine or anatomical abnormalities, and having 2 or more children. The occurrence rates of classes I and II HLA-antigens in women and men from the examined groups were compared with those in healthy individuals living in the same area.Results. In the examined couples with recurrent miscarriages, the HLA-A11 antigen occurred significantly more often in men, and HLA-В35 antigen – less often in women. In women of the infertile couples, HLA-A19 antigen was detected more often than in couples with children. In women with infertility, the HLA-DRB1*08 and HLA-DQA1*0401 alleles were less common than in women without fertility disorders. In the examined couples with infertility and recurrent miscarriages, statistically significant predominance of 3 genes common to the HLA class II system was found. In couples with normal fertility functions, the absence of homologous alleles of the HLA class II system in their genotypes was typical.Conclusion. HLA typing allows for predicting the risk of infertility and reproductive failure

Local vs global approaches to treat two equivalent methyl internal rotations and 14 N nuclear quadrupole coupling of 2,5-dimethylpyrrole

International audienceThe microwave spectrum of 2,5-dimethylpyrrole was recorded using a molecular jet Fourier transform microwave spectrometer operating in the frequency range from 2 to 26.5 GHz. Only one stable conformer was observed as expected and confirmed by quantum chemical calculations carried out to complement the experimental analysis. The two equivalent methyl groups cause each rotational transition to split into four torsional species, which is combined with the quadrupole hyperfine splittings in the same order of magnitude arising from the 14N nucleus. This results in a complicated spectrum feature. The spectral assignment was done separately for each torsional species. Two global fits were carried out using the XIAM code and the BELGI-C2v-2Tops-hyperfine code, a modified version of the BELGI-C2v-2Tops code, giving satisfactory root-mean-square deviations. The potential barriers to internal rotation of the two methyl groups were determined to be V3 = 317.208(16) cm−1. The molecular parameters were obtained with high accuracy, providing all necessary ground state information for further investigations in higher frequency ranges and on excited torsional-vibrational states

Ionic Liquid as a N,O-Donor Ligand-Based Extraction System Modifier: Establishing the Mechanism of Am(III)-Selectivity Increasing

In this work, we studied the extraction systems for the separation f-elements based on the tetradentate N,O-donor ligand di(N-ethyl-4-ethylanilide) 2,2′-dipyridyl-6,6′-dicarboxylic acid (L). The organic phase of these systems was perspective fluorine-containing organic solvents–metanitrobenzotrifluoride (F-3), ionic liquid C4mimNTf2 (IL), and their mixture. The increase of Am(III) selectivity in the presence of Ln(III) in cases of the diluent mixture was shown. The mechanism of the f-element complexation leading to the improved properties of the extraction systems was studied by UV–visible, Raman-spectroscopy, XRD-study, and density functional theory calculations

Synthesis and Antimicrobial Activity of Bis-4,6-sulfonamidated 5,7-Dinitrobenzofuroxans

A new series of bis-4,6-sulfonamidated 5,7-dinitrbenzofuroxans  7–11 had been synthesized and tested for antimicrobial activity. The structures of new sulfanilamide derivatives were characterized by elemental analysis, IR spectroscopy, and mass spectrometry (MALDITOF). The synthesized compounds were tested for their in vitro antimicrobial activity using the disk diffusion method against Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus; the Gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Proteus mirabilis; the fungal strain Aspergillus niger; and the yeast-like pathogenic fungus Candida albicans. Our results indicate that the compounds 7–11 exhibit potent antimicrobial activity. The stability of the compounds was evaluated by TG and DSC methods