322 research outputs found
Sensitivity to ITD changes in a binaural detection model
In this contribution, we analyze the binaural model, proposed by Breebaart, van de Par and Kohlrausch in 2001, for its ability to predict just noticeable differences in interaural time differences (ITDs). This model is conceptually similar to crosscorrelation models, and the relevant model property for ITD detection is its internal delay line. We first study, which point along the internal delay axis changes most when the ITD of a sinusoidal stimulus changes. There are two candidate positions: First, the position where the crosscorrelation function of the reference stimulus has its maximum (e.g., zero ms for a stimulus without any ITD), and secondly a point at which the crosscorrelation function has its steepest slope, which is at a delay corresponding to a quarter period of the stimulus. With this analysis, we can also compare the model’s thresholds depending on the considered positions. A second question of interest is how the model deals with stimulus randomness in ITD experiments. From perception experiments it is known that the thresholds for sinusoidal stimuli and for narrowband random-noise stimuli with the same center frequency are very close
Rotational Brownian motion on the sphere surface and rotational relaxation
The spatial components of the autocorrelation function of noninteracting
dipoles are analytically obtained in terms of rotational Brownian motion on the
surface of a unit sphere using multi-level jumping formalism based on Debye's
rotational relaxation model, and the rotational relaxation functions are
evaluated.Comment: RevTex, 4 pages, submitted to Chin. Phys. Let
Towards ultra-high resolution 3D reconstruction of a whole rat brain from 3D-PLI data
3D reconstruction of the fiber connectivity of the rat brain at microscopic
scale enables gaining detailed insight about the complex structural
organization of the brain. We introduce a new method for registration and 3D
reconstruction of high- and ultra-high resolution (64 m and 1.3 m
pixel size) histological images of a Wistar rat brain acquired by 3D polarized
light imaging (3D-PLI). Our method exploits multi-scale and multi-modal 3D-PLI
data up to cellular resolution. We propose a new feature transform-based
similarity measure and a weighted regularization scheme for accurate and robust
non-rigid registration. To transform the 1.3 m ultra-high resolution data
to the reference blockface images a feature-based registration method followed
by a non-rigid registration is proposed. Our approach has been successfully
applied to 278 histological sections of a rat brain and the performance has
been quantitatively evaluated using manually placed landmarks by an expert.Comment: 9 pages, Accepted at 2nd International Workshop on Connectomics in
NeuroImaging (CNI), MICCAI'201
The Spin Glass Transition : Exponents and Dynamics
Numerical simulations on Ising Spin Glasses show that spin glass transitions
do not obey the usual universality rules which hold at canonical second order
transitions. On the other hand the dynamics at the approach to the transition
appear to take up a universal form for all spin glasses. The implications for
the fundamental physics of transitions in complex systems are addressed.Comment: 4 pages (Latex) with 3 figures (postscript), accepted for publication
in Physica
Anomalous Rotational Relaxation: A Fractional Fokker-Planck Equation Approach
In this study we obtained analytically relaxation function in terms of
rotational correlation functions based on Brownian motion for complex
disordered systems in a stochastic framework. We found out that rotational
relaxation function has a fractional form for complex disordered systems, which
indicates relaxation has non-exponential character obeys to
Kohlrausch-William-Watts law, following the Mittag-Leffler decay.Comment: Revtex4, 9 pages. Paper was revised. References adde
Joule Heating and Current-Induced Instabilities in Magnetic Nanocontacts
We consider the electrical current through a magnetic point contact in the
limit of a strong inelastic scattering of electrons. In this limit local Joule
heating of the contact region plays a decisive role in determining the
transport properties of the point contact. We show that if an applied constant
bias voltage exceeds a critical value, the stationary state of the system is
unstable, and that periodic, non-harmonic oscillations in time of both the
electrical current through the contact and the local temperature in the contact
region develop spontaneously. Our estimations show that the necessary
experimental conditions for observing such oscillations with characteristic
frequencies in the range Hz can easily be met. We also show a
possibility to manipulate upon the magnetization direction of a magnetic grain
coupled through a point contact to a bulk ferromagnetic by exciting the
above-mentioned thermal-electric oscillations.Comment: 9 pages, 6 figures, submitted to Physical Review
Correlation and response in the Backgammon model: the Ehrenfest legacy
We pursue our investigation of the non-equilibrium dynamics of the Backgammon
model, a dynamical urn model which exhibits aging and glassy behavior at low
temperature. We present an analytical study of the scaling behavior of the
local correlation and response functions of the density fluctuations of the
model, and of the associated fluctuation- dissipation ratios, throughout the
alpha regime of low temperatures and long times. This analysis includes the
aging regime, the convergence to equilibrium, sand the crossover behavior
between them.Comment: 30 pages, 2 figures. To appear in Journal of Physics
Nonequilibrium dynamics of urn models
Dynamical urn models, such as the Ehrenfest model, have played an important
role in the early days of statistical mechanics. Dynamical many-urn models
generalize the former models in two respects: the number of urns is
macroscopic, and thermal effects are included. These many-urn models are
exactly solvable in the mean-field geometry. They allow analytical
investigations of the characteristic features of nonequilibrium dynamics
referred to as aging, including the scaling of correlation and response
functions in the two-time plane and the violation of the
fluctuation-dissipation theorem. This review paper contains a general
presentation of these models, as well as a more detailed description of two
dynamical urn models, the backgammon model and the zeta urn model.Comment: 15 pages. Contribution to the Proceedings of the ESF SPHINX meeting
`Glassy behaviour of kinetically constrained models' (Barcelona, March 22-25,
2001). To appear in a special issue of J. Phys. Cond. Mat
A relaxation function encompassing the stretched exponential and the compressed hyperbola
A simple relaxation function I(t/tauzero; alpha, beta) unifying the stretched
exponential with the compressed hyperbola is obtained, and its properties
studied. The scaling parameter tauzero has dimensions of time, whereas the
shape-determining parameters alpha and beta are dimensionless, both taking
values between 0 and 1. For short times, the relaxation function is always
exponential, with time constant tauzero. For small values of alpha, the
function is close to exponential for all times, irrespective of beta. The
function is also close to an exponential when beta is near unity, irrespective
of alpha. For large values of alpha and long times, the function is close to a
stretched exponential, provided that beta>0. The compressed hyperbola is
recovered for beta=0.Comment: 17 pages, 4 figure
Stretched exponential relaxation in the mode-coupling theory for the Kardar-Parisi-Zhang equation
We study the mode-coupling theory for the Kardar-Parisi-Zhang equation in the
strong-coupling regime, focusing on the long time properties. By a saddle point
analysis of the mode-coupling equations, we derive exact results for the
correlation function in the long time limit - a limit which is hard to study
using simulations. The correlation function at wavevector k in dimension d is
found to behave asymptotically at time t as C(k,t)\simeq 1/k^{d+4-2z}
(Btk^z)^{\gamma/z} e^{-(Btk^z)^{1/z}}, with \gamma=(d-1)/2, A a determined
constant and B a scale factor.Comment: RevTex, 4 pages, 1 figur
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