Program complex for simulation of kinetics of tunneling electron transfer in organic and inorganic systems

В настоящей работе разработан учебный программный комплекс для моделирования кинетики туннельного переноса электрона в органических и неорганических системах. В данной работе развит математический формализм и выполнено численное моделирование кинетики туннельного переноса электрона в условиях диффузионно-контролируемой подвижности дефектов. Разработанный комплекс будет внедрен в образовательный процесс для проведения практикума по курсу «Моделирование биологических процессов и систем» для студентов, изучающих биомедицинскую инженерию.The present work is devoted to development of laboratory program complex for simulation of tunneling electron transfer in organic and inorganic systems. In the present paper the mathematical formalism was developed and computational modeling of tunneling electron transfer in conditions of diffused-controlled mobility of defects was carried out. The program complex will be implemented for laboratory session of discipline «Modeling of biological processes and systems» for students studying biomedical engineering

Theory of differential inclusions and its application in mechanics

The following chapter deals with systems of differential equations with discontinuous right-hand sides. The key question is how to define the solutions of such systems. The most adequate approach is to treat discontinuous systems as systems with multivalued right-hand sides (differential inclusions). In this work three well-known definitions of solution of discontinuous system are considered. We will demonstrate the difference between these definitions and their application to different mechanical problems. Mathematical models of drilling systems with discontinuous friction torque characteristics are considered. Here, opposite to classical Coulomb symmetric friction law, the friction torque characteristic is asymmetrical. Problem of sudden load change is studied. Analytical methods of investigation of systems with such asymmetrical friction based on the use of Lyapunov functions are demonstrated. The Watt governor and Chua system are considered to show different aspects of computer modeling of discontinuous systems

Leaf Mesophyll Structure and Photosynthetic Activity in Calla palustris L. from Natural Habitats with Different Level of Technogenic Pollution

A study of leaf structure and CO2 assimilation rate was conducted on the emergent plant Calla palustris L. from natural habitats with different levels of technogenic pollution (the Sak-Elga River, upstream and downstream of the Karabash copper smelter, Chelyabinsk region, Russia). It was found that both chlorophyll a content andthe rate of CO2 assimilation decreased twofold in plants from the downstream site. No significant changes were observed in leaf mesophyll structure and the volume of aerenchyma in the leaf. It was shown that in plants from strongly contaminated site, the decrease in spongy mesophyll cell volume was compensated by the increase in their number, whereas the decrease in the number of chloroplasts per cell was accompanied by a growth in volume. It is concluded that the changes in the numerical and dimensional characteristics of mesophyll cells and chloroplasts provide for the viability of C. palustris under prolonged technogenic impact and demonstrate the plasticity of the photosynthetic apparatus. Keywords: emergent plant, heavy metals, adaptation, leaf structure, CO2 uptak

Состязательное соблюдение Россией и США Договора по космосу 1967 г.

Introduction. Thе Russian Federation and the USA, being parties to the 1967 Outer Space Treaty, in their national legal acts refer to this source. Each of these states recognizes that the 1967 Outer Space regime is to be perfected, while having different legal outer space policy. The USA is a leader of the military outer space infrastructure and of creation national outer space legislation and separate international agreements (“The Artemis Accords”), thus imposing its own track to develop the 1967 Treaty.Materials and methods. This research addresses relevant international documents on international space law as well as acts of national legislation pertaining to the topic. Research results. In modern political conditions the quality of a state defense and its economic development is linked to the efficiency of the outer space infrastructure, including communication and reconnaissance satellites. While the U.S. intends to achieve military supremacy in the outer space, the 1967 Treaty seems to be a barrier to such intention although the U.S. provides its own interpretation of the Treaty. Another significant area of competition between Russia and USA in the outer space legal policy is the observance of the natural resources treaty provisions. According to the USA, a state is entitled unilaterally exploit the space resources, and its persons are entitled to commercial use of such resources based on national law. This position of the United States resulted in creation of its national legislation opportunities for natural resources activities in outer space. The Russian Federation continues to defend multilateral approach to the exploitation of space resources and to call upon strictly observance of the 1967 Outer Space Treaty. There are also competitive legal positions of the USA and Russia relating to the notion of “common province of mankind” provided by the 1967 Treaty.The main results. In this context, the paper after providing prolegomena to the competitive principle in international law, suggests some theoretical ideas for perfecting of the legal position of the Russian Federation as a response to the modern outer space legal policy of the USA.Discussion and conclusions. In the legal literature on this issue different views are assessed – from a radical rejection of the US model of behavior and continuation of efforts to strengthen the 1967 Treaty regime, to proposals to adopt a new national Russian legislation providing rights of persons to exploit the natural resources of celestial bodies, thus provid-ing incentives for private investors. This track leads to more competition with the USA, observing at the same time the 1967 Treaty as the “corpus juris specialis”.Будучи участниками Договора по космосу 1967 г., Россия и США проводят состязательную политику по совершенствованию режима, созданного указанным договором. Международно-правовая политика США нацелена на «уточнение» этого режима посредством сепаратных соглашений «Артемида». В статье исследуется, как оптимальнее для России реагировать на это в контексте договорных положений о мирном использовании космоса и о неприсвоении природных ресурсов небесных тел

Parameters of blood pressure during stress test in young elite athletes

It is known that in children at rest, BP values depend on height, but this aspect is not taken into account when analyzing the maximum BP during exercise.Objective: to determine the maximum value of BP in young elite athletes, depending on height and gender.Materials and methods: 2313 (age 15.5 ± 1.4 years, 45% of young men) young elite athletes, members of national teams of the Russian Federation in 40 sports, were examined. All subjects underwent bicycle ergometry according to the PWC170 protocol, blood pressure was measured manually at each stage of the load, and its maximum values were determined during the entire test.Results: The maximum BP values in boys were higher than in girls: systolic blood pressure (SBP) 195 ± 25 vs 175 ± 20 mmHg, p < 0.001, diastolic blood pressure (DBP) 80 ± 11 vs 80 ± 10 mm Hg, p < 0.05. A relationship was found between the maximum value of blood pressure on load and growth (r = 0.55; p < 0.001). Normative tables are proposed for assessing the maximum values of SBP and load, depending on growth.Conclusion: In young elite athletes, the maximum BP value during VEM according to the PWC170 protocol depends not only on gender, but also on height. The maximum values of SBP during exercise in tall young elite athletes can reach 250 mm Hg in boys and 210 mm Hg in girls

Biologically active substances in fruit bodies of wood decomposing fungi

The authors acknowledge the work support by RFBR, Russia (Project № 19-516-45006) and DST, India (INT/RUS/RFBR/363) and the Ural Federal University Competitiveness Enhancement Program, Act 211 Government of the Russian Federation (сontract № 02.A03.21.0006)

ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЕ ПОЛИМЕРНЫХ ФУНКЦИОНАЛЬНЫХ ПРИСАДОК В ДИЗЕЛЬНОМ ТОПЛИВЕ МЕТОДОМ ГЕЛЬ-ПРОНИКАЮЩЕЙ ХРОМАТОГРАФИИ

Current article is devoted to the development of a method for determining polymer functional additives and their molecular weight characteristics in diesel fuel by gel penetration chromatography. The objects of the study were solutions of “C5A”, “Maxoil D”, “Detersol”, polymethymethacrylate “D” (PMAD), “Keropur D ”, Antigel “Difron 3319” and “Superantigel” individual additives as well as the diesel fuel produced by the “Kuban Oil and Gas Company - Ilskiy Oil Refinery”, LLC. The conditions for chromatographic separation and determination of polymeric functional additives were determined considering the analyzed fuel matrix, the working range of the separated masses and molecular weights of analytes, and the composition of the eluent applicable for wide range of analytes. The chromatographic system was calibrated using the narrowly dispersed analytical standard polystyrene samples with molecular weights of 1000, 2000, 4000, 10000, 30,000, 50,000, and 70,000 Da respectively. The molecular weight characteristics were calculated for each functional additive from the analytical standard samples of polystyrene. The method of GPC determination of polymeric functional additives in diesel fuel, along with the concentration characteristics, also makes it possible to determine the molecular weight parameters of wide range of polymeric functional additives; therefore, it is promising for monitoring the quality of the diesel fuel. The proposed analytical scheme was tested in the analysis of real sample of diesel fuel. The GPC scheme for the determination of the “Keroflux 3699” depressant-dispersant additive in diesel fuel included sample preparation using the solid-phase extraction, calibration of the chromatographic system using the standard polystyrene samples, GPC determination of additive components, and the calculation of molecular weight characteristics. The molecular weight characteristics of the “Keroflux 3699” depressant dispersant additive in diesel fuel have been established - the number average and weight average molecular weights equivalent to polystyrene were 10,300 and 8800 Da respectively, and the polydispersity index of the additive was 1.17.Keywords: polymer additives, gel permeation chromatography, diesel fuel, "Keroflux 3699" depressant-dispersant additiveDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15826/analitika.2020.25.1.003 Yu.A. Ivanova1, Z.A. Temerdashev1, I.A. Kolychev2, N.V. Kiseleva11Kuban State University (KubSU), ul. Stavropolskaia, 149, Krasnodar, 350040, Russian Federation 2Gazprom Transgaz Krasnodar, ul. Dzerzhinskogo, 36, Krasnodar, 350051, Russian FederationРабота посвящена разработке методики определения полимерных функциональных присадок и их молекулярно-массовых характеристик в дизельном топливе методом гель-проникающей хроматографии. Объектами исследования были растворы индивидуальных присадок “С5А”, “Максойл Д, “Детерсол”, полиметиметакрилат “Д” (ПМАД), “Keropur D”, Антигель “Difron 3319”, “Суперантигель”, а также дизельное топливо производства ООО «Кубанская нефтегазовая компания – Ильский нефтеперерабатывающий завод». Условия хроматографического разделения и определения полимерных функциональных присадок определяли с учетом анализируемой матрицы топлива, рабочего диапазона разделяемых масс и молекулярных масс аналитов, состава элюента, применимого для широкого круга аналитов. Калибровку хроматографической системы проводили с использованием узкодисперсных аналитических стандартных образцов полистирола с молекулярными массами 1000, 2000, 4000, 10000, 30000, 50000 и 70000 Да. Для каждой функциональной присадки по аналитическим стандартным образцам полистирола рассчитывали молекулярно-массовые характеристики. Разработанная методика ГПХ-определения полимерных функциональных присадок в дизельном топливе, наряду с концентрационными характеристиками, позволяет определять также молекулярно-массовые показатели широкого круга полимерных функциональных присадок, что делает ее перспективной для контроля качества дизельного топлива. Предложенная аналитическая схема апробирована при анализе реального образца дизельного топлива. Схема ГПХ-определения депрессорно-диспергирующей присадки “Keroflux 3699” в дизельном топливе включала пробоподготовку с использованием ТФЭ, калибровку хроматографической системы по стандартным образцам полистирола, ГПХ определение компонентов присадки и расчет молекулярно-массовых характеристик. Установлены молекулярно-массовые характеристики депрессорно-диспергирующей присадки «Keroflux 3699» в дизельном топливе –значения среднечисленной и среднемассовой молекулярных масс эквивалентных полистиролу, которые составили 10300 и 8800 Да соответственно, а также индекс полидисперсности присадки, который составил 1.17.Ключевые слова: полимерные присадки, гель-проникающая хроматография, дизельное топливо, депрессорно-диспергирующая присадкаDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15826/analitika.2020.25.1.00

Relations between physical and chemical properties of melanine pigments in wood decaying fungi and their antioxidant activity

The authors acknowledge the work support by RFBR, Russia (Project № 19-516-45006) and DST, India (INT/RUS/RFBR/363) and the Ural Federal University Competitiveness Enhancement Program, Act 211 Government of the Russian Federation (сontract № 02.A03.21.0006)

Biologically Active Substances in Fruit Bodies of Wood Decomposing Fungi

The relative content of biologically active substances in the extracts of wood decaying fungi was studied using GC-MS. The results showed that the real tinder (Fomes fomentarius (L.) Fr.) contains up to 18% fatty acids, 51.6% steroids and 8.35% triterpene compounds. The nest fungus (Hapalopilus nidulans (Fr.) P. Karst.) contains 32.7% of fatty acids, 9.8% of steroid substances and 27.0% of tetracyclic triterpenoids. Chaga (Inonotus obliguus (Ach. ex. Pers.) Pilat) is characterized by the presence of 14% fatty acids, 11.6% of which are unsaturated; 2.4% of ergosterol, and 30% of betulin. A distinctive feature of the extract from the birch sponge (Piptoporus betulinus (Bull.) P. Karst.) is the presence of 67.9% arabitol, and the absence of steroid and triterpene compounds. Bordered tinder fungus (Fomitopsis pinicola (Sw.) P. Karst.), causing brown rot of wood, contains 30.15% ergosterol, which is a provitamin form of vitamin D2. The tinder fungus extract (Trichaptum biforme (Fr.) Ryvarden) contains 67.8% fatty acids, of which 50.0% are unsaturated fatty acids. The extract from the humpback tinder fungus (Trametes gibbosa (Pers.) Fr.) contains 34.9% fatty acids, 9.76% steroids, and 27.06% terpenoid compounds. © 2022 Author(s)

The peculiarities of oral cavity and its subjective estimation of women with PCOS

The article presents the results of research the aim of which was describing of the peculiarities of oral cavity and its subjective estimation by women with PCOS. On the sample of 50 subjects with PCOS (diagnosed in accordance with Rotterdam consensus] we used the following: oral cavity examination: Gingeval Index, CPITN calculations and WHO questionnaires on oral cavity health for adults. As a result of oral cavity examination we have not found any serious pathology, but 20 % of patients demonstrated gingival bleeding. At the same time, the self-estimation of oral cavity conditions by women with PCOS was "satisfactory" in 34 %, "good" - in 44 % and "excellent" in 22 %. The indices recommended by WHO for estimation of oral cavity conditions (CPITN and GI] were generally within the normal ranges and characterized oral cavity status of the women with PCOS as good. However, in PCOS patients with high degree of gum bleeding the CPITN and GI indexes were increased, and these patients reported that they visited а dentist more frequently. Changes in the condition of the oral cavity in PCOS were not associated with any specific behavior of women in the care of teeth and oral cavity. The authors suggest that additional investigation of microbiome should be done for further more comprehensive analysis of oral cavit