183 research outputs found
The propagation of in-plane P-SV waves in a layered elastic plate with periodic interface cracks: exact versus spring boundary conditions
The propagation of in-plane (P-SV) waves in a symmetrically three-layered thick plate with a periodic array of interface cracks is investigated. The exact dispersion relation is derived based on an integral equation approach and Floquet's theorem. The interface cracks can be a model for interface damage, but a much simpler model is a recently developed spring boundary condition. This boundary condition is used for the thick plate and also in the derivation of plate equations with the help of power series expansions in the thickness coordinate. For low frequencies (cracks small compared to the wavelength) the three approaches give more or less coinciding dispersion curves, and this is a confirmation that the spring boundary condition is a reasonable approximation at low frequencies
Analysis of typical communicative situations arising in the process of teaching foreign students in Russian as a foreign language
The article discusses the concept of speech action: the results of studies of speech impact in business communication are presented; analyzes typical communicative situations in intercultural communication between a teacher and foreign students of Russian universities
Global survey of star clusters in the Milky Way: III. 139 new open clusters at high Galactic latitudes
Context. An earlier analysis of the Milky Way Star Cluster (MWSC) catalogue revealed an apparent lack of old (t Γ’?Β€ 1 Gyr) open clusters in the solar neighbourhood (d Γ’?Β₯ 1 kpc). Aims. To fill this gap we undertook a search for hitherto unknown star clusters, assuming that the missing old clusters reside at high Galactic latitudes | b | > 20ΓΒ°. Methods. We were looking for stellar density enhancements using a star count algorithm on the 2MASS point source catalogue. To increase the contrast between potential clusters and the field, we applied filters in colour-magnitude space according to typical colour-magnitude diagrams of nearby old open clusters. The subsequent comparison with lists of known objects allowed us to select thus far unknown cluster candidates. For verification they were processed with the standard pipeline used within the MWSC survey for computing cluster membership probabilities and for determining structural, kinematic, and astrophysical parameters. Results. In total we discovered 782 density enhancements, 524 of which were classified as real objects. Among them 139 are new open clusters with ages 8.3 < log (t [yr]) < 9.7, distances d< 3 kpc, and distances from the Galactic plane 0.3 <Z< 1 kpc. This new sample has increased the total number of known high latitude open clusters by about 150%. Nevertheless, we still observe a lack of older nearby clusters up to 1 kpc from the Sun. This volume is expected to still contain about 60 unknown clusters that probably escaped our detection algorithm, which fails to detect sparse overdensities with large angular size
Deformation Behavior under Static and Cyclic Tension of Polymer Grafts without and after Modification by RGD Peptides
The structure, mechanical properties, and deformation behavior under static and cyclic tension of biofunctionalized biodegradable vascular grafts based on polyhydroxybutyrate/valerate and polycaprolactone were studied. It is shown that the modification gives rise to an almost twofold decrease of the elongation at break as well as the ultimate strength. It is shown that under cyclic loading the modification of grafts results in decreasing cyclic durability by more than twice. In doing so, the level of deforming stress decreases to a much lesser extent and is practically inferior to that for unmodified material. The analysis of principal strain [epsilon]1 and [epsilon]2 component distribution patterns in grafts of both types is carried out while the reason for the observed changes is discussed
In Search of Possible Associations between Planetary Nebulae and Open Clusters
We consider the possibility of cluster membership for 13 planetary nebulae
that are located in close proximity to open clusters lying in their lines of
sight. The short lifetimes and low sample size of intermediate-mass planetary
nebulae with respect to nearby open clusters conspire to reduce the probability
of observing a true association. Not surprisingly, line of sight coincidences
almost certainly exist for 7 of the 13 cases considered. Additional studies are
advocated, however, for 6 planetary nebula/open cluster coincidences in which a
physical association is not excluded by the available evidence, namely M
1-80/Berkeley 57, NGC 2438/NGC 2437, NGC 2452/NGC 2453, VBRC 2 & NGC 2899/IC
2488, and HeFa 1/NGC 6067. A number of additional potential associations
between planetary nebulae and open clusters is tabulated for reference
purposes. It is noteworthy that the strongest cases involve planetary nebulae
lying in cluster coronae, a feature also found for short-period cluster
Cepheids, which are themselves potential progenitors of planetary nebulae.Comment: Accepted for publication in PASP (December 2007
Π‘Π’Π ΠΠΠ’ΠΠΠΠΠΠΠΠΠ― (ΠΠ Π£ΠΠΠ«Π) ΠΠΠ€ΠΠΠ¦ΠΠ― ΠΠ ΠΠ‘Π‘ΠΠ: Π‘ΠΠ‘Π’ΠΠ―ΠΠΠ ΠΠ ΠΠΠΠΠΠ« Π Π’ΠΠΠΠΠΠ¦ΠΠ Π ΠΠΠΠΠ’ΠΠ―
Aim. To assess the current situation on streptococcal (group A) infection in Russia, to study the molecular properties and antimicrobial susceptibility of group A streptococcus isolated from patients with soft tissue infection.Materials and methods. We performed a descriptive epidemiological study using official statistics. A total of 97 cases of soft tissue infection caused by group A streptococci were investigated for emm-types, the presence of genes of bacteriophage toxins and integrases by PCR and sequencing. We tested 91 strains for antimicrobial susceptibility by the micro dilution methods.Results. From 2009 through 2017, 2.8 million cases (563 thousand primary cases) of group A streptococcal disease were reported. There was a decrease in the incidence of scarlet fever in Russia (31.5 per 100 000 population). In 2009β2017 the incidence of rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart diseases increase slightly but the prevalence of this forms group A streptococcal disease are decrease. Annually 2600 people die from the rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart diseases. Of the 97 cultures of group A streptococci, 33 were associated with invasive infection. We identified 33 different emm-type. All cultures contained speB gene. Some strains contained speA, and others speC genes. We did not find any correlation between the presence of bacteriophage toxin genes and the invasive properties of streptococci. Tetracycline and macrolides are ineffective in patients with of soft tissue infectionConclusion. Streptococcal (group A) infection continues to be of significant social and economic importance for Russia. The streptococcus cultures isolated from patients with invasive forms were heterogeneous in molecular and biological properties and remained sensitive to penicillin antibiotics.Π¦Π΅Π»Ρ: ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΊΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ (Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΡ Π) ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ Π² Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΈ, ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠΈΡΡ ΠΌΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΠΎ-Π±ΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ²Π° ΠΈ ΡΡΠ²ΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΊ Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠ±Π°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌ ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΡΡ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΊΠΊΠ° Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΡ Π, Π²ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΎΡ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Ρ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΌΡΠ³ΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠΊΠ°Π½Π΅ΠΉ.ΠΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Ρ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ. ΠΠΏΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΎ Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ°Π»Ρ-ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ. 97 ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΡΡ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΊΠΊΠ° Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΡ Π, Π²ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΎΡ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Ρ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΌΡΠ³ΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠΊΠ°Π½Π΅ΠΉ, Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ Π½Π° ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½Π°Π΄Π»Π΅ΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΊ emm-ΡΠΈΠΏΠ°ΠΌ, Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ² Π±Π°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΎΡΠ°Π³ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠ°Π· Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΠ¦Π ΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ²Π΅Π½ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΠ· Π½ΠΈΡ
91 ΡΡΠ°ΠΌΠΌ Π±ΡΠ» ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ Π½Π° ΡΡΠ²ΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΊ Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠ±ΠΈΠΎΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΌ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΡΠ°Π·Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ. Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ. Π ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠΌ Π·Π° 2009β2017 Π³Π³. Π² Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΈ, ΠΏΠΎ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΌ ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ, Π±ΡΠ»ΠΎ Π²ΡΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎ 2,8 ΠΌΠ»Π½ ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π΅Π² Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ, Π½Π΅ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠΎ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΊΠΊΠΎΠΌ Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΡ Π, ΠΈΠ· ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΡ
563 ΡΡΡΡΡΠΈ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ Π²ΡΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Ρ Π²ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΡΠ΅. ΠΠ°Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠΊΠ°ΡΠ»Π°ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π² Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΈ Π·Π° ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΠΉ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΎΠ΄ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠ°Π»Π°ΡΡ (31,5 Π½Π° 100 ΡΡΡΡΡ Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ). ΠΠ° 2009β2017 Π³Π³. ΠΎΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π²ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π»ΠΈΡ
ΠΎΡΠ°Π΄ΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π²ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π·Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΄ΡΠ° ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ. Π‘ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ, ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Π°Π½Π½Π°Ρ Ρ ΡΠ΅Π²ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π»ΠΈΡ
ΠΎΡΠ°Π΄ΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π²ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π·Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΄ΡΠ°, ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ (Π΅ΠΆΠ΅Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎ Π² ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π½Π΅ΠΌ ΡΠΌΠΈΡΠ°Π΅Ρ 2,6 ΡΡΡΡΡΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊ).ΠΠ· 97 Π²ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΡΡ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΊΠΊΠΎΠ² Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΡ Π 33 Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Π°Π½Ρ Ρ ΠΈΠ½Π²Π°Π·ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ. ΠΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ 33 ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
emm-ΡΠΈΠΏΠ° Π²ΠΎΠ·-Π±ΡΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Ρ. ΠΠ΅Π½ speB Π±ΡΠ» Π²ΡΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ Ρ Π²ΡΠ΅Ρ
ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΡΡ. ΠΠ΅Π½Ρ ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΡ
ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ² (speA, speC) Π²ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΡΡ Ρ ΡΡΠ΄Π° ΡΡΠ°ΠΌΠΌΠΎΠ². ΠΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρ Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ² Π±Π°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΎΡΠ°Π³ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ Π°Π³ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡΡ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΊΠΊΠΎΠ² ΠΎΠ±Π½Π°ΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΎ Π½Π΅ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΎ. ΠΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ½Π° ΠΈ ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ² Π΄Π»Ρ Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΡΠ³ΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠΊΠ°Π½Π΅ΠΉ Π½Π΅ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎ.ΠΠ°ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. Π‘ΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΊΠΊΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ (Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΡ Π) ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ°Π΅Ρ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΡΡ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΈ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΡΡ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ Π΄Π»Ρ Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΈ. ΠΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΎΡ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Ρ ΠΈΠ½Π²Π°Π·ΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΡΡΡ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΊΠΊΠ° Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ Π³Π΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π½Ρ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΠΎ-Π±ΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ²Π°ΠΌ ΠΈ ΡΠΎΡ
ΡΠ°Π½ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΡΡΠ²ΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΊ Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠ±ΠΈΠΎΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΌ ΠΏΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΠΈΠ»Π»ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ΄Π°
- β¦