Incubation

Connues des Égyptiens, des Assyriens et des Babyloniens, les pratiques oniriques se rencontraient dans toute la Méditerranée bien avant la formation de la civilisation grecque qui en a hérité naturellement. Très anciennes en Afrique, elles sont mentionnées par Hérodote chez les Nasamons, tandis que Pomponius Mela rapporte que les Augiles (de l’oasis d’Aoudjila) avaient pour habitude de se coucher sur les tombeaux et de prendre pour réponses les songes qu’ils avaient pendant leur sommeil. L’in..

Incubation

Connues des Égyptiens, des Assyriens et des Babyloniens, les pratiques oniriques se rencontraient dans toute la Méditerranée bien avant la formation de la civilisation grecque qui en a hérité naturellement. Très anciennes en Afrique, elles sont mentionnées par Hérodote chez les Nasamons, tandis que Pomponius Mela rapporte que les Augiles (de l’oasis d’Aoudjila) avaient pour habitude de se coucher sur les tombeaux et de prendre pour réponses les songes qu’ils avaient pendant leur sommeil. L’in..

Ribavirin in the treatment of chronic hepatitis C unresponsive to alfa interferon

For the 30-50% of patients with chronic hepatitis C who do not respond to alpha-interferon therapy there is no alternative treatment. Some previously untreated patients have shown a biochemical response to ribavirin, but the antiviral effects of this substance on alpha-interferon-resistant cases is largely unknown. Twelve patients with chronic hepatitis C who had not responded to a 6-12 month course of alpha-interferon were included in this study. Oral ribavirin was administered at a dose of 16 mg/kg per day for 6 or 9 months. Aminotransferase levels had not significantly changed during interferon therapy but decreased significantly during ribavirin treatment (mean alanine aminotransferase at baseline, 102 +/- 18 IU/l vs. 55 +/- 14 IU/l at 6 months; P = 0.0001). Aminotransferase levels became normal in 6 cases (50%), significantly decreased in 3 patients (25%), and did not significantly change in the remaining 3 cases (25%). All patients with normalized aminotransferase values relapsed after ribavirin was discontinued and aminotransferase activity returned to pretreatment levels. Before therapy serum hepatitis C virus RNA was detected by polymerase chain reaction in 10 cases. None of them had cleared viral RNA when tested following 3, 6 and 9 months of ribavirin therapy. Side-effects were mild and reversible. In conclusion, about half of the patients with chronic hepatitis C who are unresponsive to alpha-interferon show a clear-cut biochemical response after 6-9 months of ribavirin administration. However, ribavirin does not clear circulating hepatitis C virus RNA and relapses occur after withdrawal.

A continuous rating method for preferential voting. The complete case

A method is given for quantitatively rating the social acceptance of different options which are the matter of a complete preferential vote. Completeness means that every voter expresses a comparison (a preference or a tie) about each pair of options. The proposed method is proved to have certain desirable properties, which include: the continuity of the rates with respect to the data, a decomposition property that characterizes certain situations opposite to a tie, the Condorcet-Smith principle, and a property of clone consistency. One can view this rating method as a complement for the ranking method introduced in 1997 by Markus Schulze. It is also related to certain methods of one-dimensional scaling or cluster analysis.Comment: This is part one of a revised version of arxiv:0810.2263. Version 3 is the result of certain modifications, both in the statement of the problem and in the concluding remarks, that enhance the results of the paper; the results themselves remain unchange

Wildfire danger prediction and understanding with deep learning

The authors thank Fabian Gans who provided the instructions to deploy the data cube in a cloud‐optimized format. Publisher Copyright: © 2022 The Authors.Climate change exacerbates the occurence of extreme droughts and heatwaves, increasing the frequency and intensity of large wildfires across the globe. Forecasting wildfire danger and uncovering the drivers behind fire events become central for understanding relevant climate-land surface feedback and aiding wildfire management. In this work, we leverage Deep Learning (DL) to predict the next day's wildfire danger in a fire-prone part of the Eastern Mediterranean and explainable Artificial Intelligence (xAI) to diagnose model attributions. We implement DL models that capture the temporal and spatio-temporal context, generalize well for extreme wildfires, and demonstrate improved performance over the traditional Fire Weather Index. Leveraging xAI, we identify the substantial contribution of wetness-related variables and unveil the temporal focus of the models. The variability of the contribution of the input variables across wildfire events hints into different wildfire mechanisms. The presented methodology paves the way to more robust, accurate, and trustworthy data-driven anticipation of wildfires.publishersversionpublishe

Enfida

Etymologie (T. Monastiri) D’après le Lisān al-‘arab, la racine nafada a deux sens : le sens premier est plutôt un sens propre qui veut dire secouer (un habit pour l’épousseter, un arbre pour en faire tomber les fruits, etc.), c’est cette acception qui donne les mots : tamis, cendrier, secousse, tremblement, frisson de fièvre, etc. Le deuxième sens veut dire : balayer de ses yeux une étendue de terre pour la prospecter, on pourrait dire qu’il s’agit d’un sens figuré qui fait penser « à un tami..

Enfida

Etymologie (T. Monastiri) D’après le Lisān al-‘arab, la racine nafada a deux sens : le sens premier est plutôt un sens propre qui veut dire secouer (un habit pour l’épousseter, un arbre pour en faire tomber les fruits, etc.), c’est cette acception qui donne les mots : tamis, cendrier, secousse, tremblement, frisson de fièvre, etc. Le deuxième sens veut dire : balayer de ses yeux une étendue de terre pour la prospecter, on pourrait dire qu’il s’agit d’un sens figuré qui fait penser « à un tami..