Зовнішньоекономічна діяльність та фінансові результати машинобудівних підприємств України

The aim of the article is to study the interrelationships between indicators of foreign economic activity and financial results of machine-building enterprises at the current stage of development. The analysis of statistical reports related to series of two groups of indicators for 2005–2015 is carried out. The first group describing financial results includes the following indicators: volumes of sales, financial results before taxes, net income, return on operating activities. The second group characterizing the foreign economic activity includes the indicators of foreign direct investments, exports and imports, trade balance, share of exports in the total sales and the official average annual exchange rate of the national currency. Particular stages of interrelated trends of changes in the indicators in dynamics are determined. The degree of closeness of interrelationships between factor and result indicators is assessed by correlation analysis. Current interdependent problems associated with the development of foreign economic activity and financial soundness of the machine-building enterprises of Ukraine are revealed.Метою статті є дослідження взаємозв'язку між показниками зовнішньоекономічної діяльності та фінансовими результатами машинобудівних підприємств на сучасному етапі розвитку. Проведено аналіз статистичної звітності за 2005–2015 рр. динамічних рядів двох груп показників. Перша група, що характеризує фінансові результати, включає: обсяг реалізованої продукції, фінансові результати до оподаткування, чистий прибуток, рентабельність операційної діяльності. Друга, що характеризує зовнішньоекономічну діяльність, включає: прямі іноземні інвестиції, розміри експорту та імпорту, сальдо експорту та імпорту, питому вагу експорту в загальному обсязі реалізованої продукції та офіціальний середньорічний курс гривні. Виокремлено етапи взаємопов'язаних тенденцій змінення даних груп показників у динаміці. Виконано кореляційний аналіз, що дозволив оцінити щільність зв'язку між факторними та результативними параметрами. Виявлені сучасні взаємозалежні проблеми забезпечення фінансового благополуччя та розвитку зовнішньоекономічної діяльності підприємств машинобудування

Justification of Landscape and Biotechnical Solutions for Designing Water Protection Zones

By comparing the three main approaches to the establishment of water protection zones of small rivers (normative, theoretical and landscape), the method of delineation water protection zones with the application of GIS-technologies (GIS), as well as the basin model of the river system and the position-dynamic structure of landscapes was proposed. The role of a multilevel system of biotechnical measures with the help of tree and shrub vegetation during the formation of water protection zones is show

Model of position-dynamic structure of river basins

In this work, we have presented semi automated means of modeling of position-dynamic structure (PDS) of river basins’ landscapes with application of geo-informational systems (GIS). Results of modeling were tested on the basin of one of headwaters. The structure of the model includes landscape lines, layers, sub-regions and regions. The model takes into account conditions of formation of landscape’s PDS in mountain and plain parts of river basinsyesБелгородский государственный университе

Discovery of metastable tetragonal disordered phase upon phase transitions in the equiatomic nanostructured FePd alloy

Specific features of the phase transformation 1 → L10 (space groups Fm3m and P4/mmm, respectively) in single crystals of the equiatomic alloy FePd subjected to annealings both in the absence and in the presence of external uniaxial load, as well as in polycrystalline samples that had undergone severe plastic deformation via high-pressure torsion and subsequent annealing, have been studied. An investigation of the single crystals in a nanostructured state formed at different stages of ordering annealing was performed using optical polarization, thermomagnetic and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) methods. The nanostructured state of the polycrystalline samples FePd after deformation of both disordered and ordered FePd alloys and subsequent annealing was examined with the help of TEM and X-ray techniques. The results obtained were analyzed based on the known concepts of the symmetry theory of phase transitions. It was concluded that the atomic ordering in the FePd alloys is preceded by the formation of a ferroelastic disordered body-centered tetragonal phase with the structural type 6 and the space group I4/mmm. Experimental data that evidence the existence of a tetragonal disordered phase both in the single crystals and in the polycrystalline samples of FePd after severe plastic deformation and subsequent annealing are reported. Thus, the A1 ↔ A6 ↔ L10 phase transformation represents a combination of different types of phase transitions such as cooperative displacement A1 ↔ 6 and ordering A6 ↔ L10 of atoms

Development of the Russian economy in a trend of current trends of technological effectiveness and knowledge intensity

A research objective is the analysis of the development of the Russian economy in a trend of current trends of technological effectiveness and knowledge intensity and establishment of a problem of the use of the human capital in the hi-tech enterprises of the industry of Russi

Financial Income and Expenses of Collective Farmers of the Molotov Region in the First Post-War Five Years (1946—1950)

The issues related to the financial income and expenses of the families of collective farmers in the Molotov region are considered. The relevance of the study is due to the public interest shown in the study of various aspects of  the material living conditions of the population. The scientific novelty of the work is seen in the fact that previously unpublished archival materials stored in the Russian State Archive of Economics (RSAE) are introduced into circulation. The results of a comparative analysis of the average per capita financial income of collective farmers in the Molotov region and other territories of the Ural region are presented. Particular attention is paid to the consideration of the tables presented by the author containing numerical data on the topic of the article. It is stated that the progressive improvement of the quality of the material living conditions of citizens today is one of the priority goals of the policy of any state that positions itself as social. Attention is focused on the fact that in the first post-war five years, the income of collective farmers was influenced by two main factors: the consequences of the Second World War and the attitude of the authorities to the collective farm peasantry. It is proved that the incomes of collective farmers in the Molotov region were lower than those of collective farmers in the economically more developed Sverdlovsk region, but were quite comparable with the incomes of collective farmers in other regions of the Urals

Oral vitamin A supplementation of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus infected gilts enhances IgA and lactogenic immune protection of nursing piglets

International audienceAbstractVitamin A (VA) has pleiotropic effects on the immune system and is critical for mucosal immune function and intestinal lymphocyte trafficking. We hypothesized that oral VA supplementation of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV)-infected pregnant gilts would enhance the gut-mammary gland-secretory IgA axis to boost lactogenic immunity and passive protection of nursing piglets against PEDV challenge. Gilts received daily oral retinyl acetate (30 000 IU) starting at gestation day 76 throughout lactation. At 3–4 weeks pre-partum, VA-supplemented (PEDV + VA) and non-supplemented (PEDV) gilts were PEDV or mock inoculated (mock + VA and mock, respectively). PEDV + VA gilts had decreased mean PEDV RNA shedding titers and diarrhea scores. To determine if lactogenic immunity correlated with protection, all piglets were PEDV-challenged at 3–5 days post-partum. The survival rate of PEDV + VA litters was 74.2% compared with 55.9% in PEDV litters. Mock and mock + VA litter survival rates were 5.7% and 8.3%, respectively. PEDV + VA gilts had increased PEDV IgA antibody secreting cells and PEDV IgA antibodies in serum pre-partum and IgA+β7+ (gut homing) cells in milk post piglet challenge compared with PEDV gilts. Our findings suggest that oral VA supplementation may act as an adjuvant during pregnancy, enhancing maternal IgA and lactogenic immune protection in nursing piglets

Module-rating technology of the educational process "RITM" and prospects of its development

The article deals with an information technology of the educational process. The technology is based on module-rating assessment of students' knowledge and implemented in the form of tool system RITM. The system provides the use of a single ordinal scale of assessment for the unification of intermediate and final control of students' knowledge. The use of simulation of the educational process allows to extend the functionality of the system and adapts the RITM to the requirements of State educational standards of the 3rd generationПредлагается информационная технология организации учебного процесса. Технология основана на модульно-рейтинговой оценке знаний обучающихся и реализована в виде инструментальной системы РИТМ. Система обеспечивает применение единой порядковой шкалы оценки знаний для унификации промежуточного и итогового контроля уровня знаний обучающихся. Применение имитационного моделирования образовательного процесса позволяет расширить функциональные возможности и адаптировать систему РИТМ к требованиям государственных образовательных стандартов 3-го поколени