Treatment of acute ischemic stroke with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator: practice pattern among neurologists and physicians

Background: Stroke is an abrupt onset of a neurologic deficit due to a focal vascular disease. Treatment guidelines for acute ischemic stroke (AIS) within 4.5 hours of onset are thrombolysis with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rtPA). To determine the practice pattern of rtPA in the treatment of acute ischemic stroke among consultants using a questionnaire.Methods: A questionnaire based study was carried out from May to September 2015. Neurologists and physicians from Kolar and Bengaluru were given a questionnaire comprising of 21 questions, regarding the treatment of AIS with rtPA. The data was analyzed using descriptive statistics.Results: A total of 76.9% responded to the questionnaire, of which 18 were neurologists and 82 were physicians. An average of 4-5 AIS patients per month were seen by the doctors. Majority (72%) did not use rtPA, due to delay in patient reaching hospital or non-affordability of the drug. The consultants (66%) opined that rtPA was the best if patient arrived within 4.5 hours of onset of AIS. Only 34% consultants knew the correct score of AIS for administration of rtPA. The usage of penumbral imaging before thrombolysis was agreed by neurologists (58%) and physicians (34%). The IV+IA rtPA thrombolytic therapy produced highest rate of recanalization as expressed by neurologists (84%) and physicians (56%). Majority (80%) felt that use of rtPA beyond 4-6 hours had no beneficial effect. The adverse effects encountered were hypotension and bleeding.Conclusions: Neurologists and physicians opined that treatment with rtPA was effective in patients of AIS within 4.5 hours of onset, but the limitations were late arrival of patient to hospital and drug cost

The impact of trade liberalisation on wages in the South African manufacturing sector between 2000 and 2007

Includes bibliographical references.This study investigates the impact of trade liberalization on wages in the manufacturing sector in South Africa between 2000 and 2007. The Stolper - Samuelson theorem predicts that trade liberalisation decreases the relative return of workers employed most intensively in the liberalising industries. We estimate the relationship between trade liberalisation and wages using expanded Mincerian wage regressions that contain measures of protection. In addition, we go beyond the Heckscher - Ohlin - Samuelson framework and investigate whether or not the impact of union bargaining power on wages in a given industry is conditional upon the level of protection. The analysis is conducted using LFS household survey data in combination with average industry tariffs and effective rates of protection. Our findings suggest that trade liberalisation has resulted in a decrease in wages. In addition, we find that the impact of trade liberalisation on wages is dependent on the level of education of a worker. Our findings suggest that relatively unskilled individuals have suffered more from trade liberalisation than those who are relatively skilled. Finally, we find that the impact of union bargaining power on wages in a given industry, is dependent upon the level of protection

STAR RATING FOR BH ROAD, SHIVAMOGGA CITY USING iRAP ASSESSMENT

Road traffic crashes kill over millions of children and young people each year. Understanding the emergency of the situation and the need to act, governments from all over the world unanimously reducing road deaths and injuries by using this software. The major goal of this study is to conduct a road safety evaluation utilising the iRAP visualizer in Shivamogga, India. For this length of road, a traffic video graphics study was conducted. The iRAP\u27s road attributes are then coded. Star Rating demonstrator to obtain the Star Rating for each road users

Unification of the Negative Electrocaloric Effect in Bi\u3csub\u3e1/2\u3c/sub\u3eNa\u3csub\u3e1/2\u3c/sub\u3eTiO\u3csub\u3e3\u3c/sub\u3e-BaTiO\u3csub\u3e3\u3c/sub\u3e Solid Solutions by Ba\u3csub\u3e1/2\u3c/sub\u3eSr\u3csub\u3e1/2\u3c/sub\u3eTiO\u3csub\u3e3\u3c/sub\u3e Doping

The microscopic mechanisms of the negative electrocaloric effect (ECE) of the single-phase (1−x)(0.94Bi1/2Na1/2TiO3-0.06BaTiO3)-xBa1/2Sr1/2TiO3 (BNT-BT-BST) perovskite solid solutions fabricated via the sol-gel technique are explored in this study. Dielectric and mechanical relaxation analyses are employed to investigate the ferroelectric and structural transitions of the samples. The electrocaloric properties of the samples were measured by thermodynamics Maxwell relations. The difference between the depolarization temperature (Td) and the maximum dielectric constant temperature (Tm) was found to decrease with increasing BST content. Doping with BST stabilized the ferroelectric phase along with unifying the EC temperature changes (ΔT) to only negative values. The origin of the uniform negative ECE of BNT-BT-BST is discussed

Region of Interest Extraction in 3D Face Using Local Shape Descriptor

Recently, numerous efforts were focused on 3D face models due to its geometrical information and its reliability against pose estimation and identification problems. The major objective of this work is to reduce the massive amount of information contained the entire 3D face image into a distinctive and informative subset interested regions based 3D face analysis systems. The interested regions are represented by nose and eyes regions of frontal and profile 3D images. These regions are detected based on distance to local plan descriptor only which is copes well with profile views of 3D images. The statistical distribution of distance to local plane descriptor is predicted using Gaussian distribution. The framework of the proposed approach involves two modes: training mode and testing mode. In the training mode, a learning process for local shape descriptor related to the interested regions is carried out. The interested regions (nose and eyes) are extracted automatically in the testing mode. The performance evaluation of the proposed approach has been conducted using 3D images taken from GAVADB 3D face database which consists of both frontal and profile views. The proposed approach achieved high detection rate of interested regions for both frontal and profile views

Least Squares Method For Solving Integral Equations With Multiple Time Lags

The main purpose of this work is to propose an approximate method to solveintegral equation with multiple time lags (IEMTL) namely least squares methodwith aid of Chebyshev polynomials of (first, second, third, and fourth)kinds.Example is given as an application of least squares method with aid of four kindsof Chebyshev polynomials