Christianity + Schooling on Nature versus Culture in Amazonia

Based on the analysis of Evangelical Biblical translations, as well as on the school writing of Wari\u27 (Southwestern Amazonia) students, produced in indigenous secondary school classrooms and at the intercultural university, this article aims to show how, in both church and school, a nature separate from humans is invented with which they should relate in a utilitarian and also contemplative way. Simultaneously nature’s opposite is invented–a culture that excludes animals and subjects them

ZIF-8 materials as heterogeneous Fenton-like catalysts for degradation of pollutants in water

Zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIFs) is a subclass of metalorganic frameworks (MOFs) formed by inorganic connectors and imidazolate organic linkers, topologically isomorphic with zeolites. Compared with other conventional inorganic porous materials, they have potential application in gas storage, adsorption separation and catalysis. Water pollution has become a worldwide issue, and sustainable processes are need. Fenton-type reaction is considered a promising, economical, sustainable method and that can be used to eliminate toxic and harmful substances in water, such as Tartrazine. Zeolite imidazole framework- 8-modified with different metal ratios was successfully synthesized to activate the hydrogen peroxide for the degradation of Tartrazine in open air by the Fenton-type reaction. Furthermore, the catalysts were characterized in order to understanding the catalytic activity's behavior of the materials. ZIF-8 could be regenerated easily and the reusability could be well maintained for at least three runs.We thank the Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia for financial support through Centre of Chemistry (UID/QUI/0686/2020) and BioTecNorte (operation NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000004).info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Photo2Video: Semantic-Aware Deep Learning-Based Video Generation from Still Content

Applying machine learning (ML), and especially deep learning, to understand visual content is becoming common practice in many application areas. However, little attention has been given to its use within the multimedia creative domain. It is true that ML is already popular for content creation, but the progress achieved so far addresses essentially textual content or the identification and selection of specific types of content. A wealth of possibilities are yet to be explored by bringing the use of ML into the multimedia creative process, allowing the knowledge inferred by the former to influence automatically how new multimedia content is created. The work presented in this article provides contributions in three distinct ways towards this goal: firstly, it proposes a methodology to re-train popular neural network models in identifying new thematic concepts in static visual content and attaching meaningful annotations to the detected regions of interest; secondly, it presents varied visual digital effects and corresponding tools that can be automatically called upon to apply such effects in a previously analyzed photo; thirdly, it defines a complete automated creative workflow, from the acquisition of a photograph and corresponding contextual data, through the ML region-based annotation, to the automatic application of digital effects and generation of a semantically aware multimedia story driven by the previously derived situational and visual contextual data. Additionally, it presents a variant of this automated workflow by offering to the user the possibility of manipulating the automatic annotations in an assisted manner. The final aim is to transform a static digital photo into a short video clip, taking into account the information acquired. The final result strongly contrasts with current standard approaches of creating random movements, by implementing an intelligent content- and context-aware video.The work presented in this paper has been supported by the European Commission under contract number H2020-ICT-20-2017-1-RIA-780612 and by National Funds through the Portuguese funding agency, FCT—Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia, within project LA/P/0063/2020.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Fully automatic left ventricular myocardial strain estimation in 2D short-axis tagged magnetic resonance imaging

Cardiovascular diseases are among the leading causes of death and frequently result in local myocardial dysfunction. Among the numerous imaging modalities available to detect these dysfunctional regions, cardiac deformation imaging through tagged magnetic resonance imaging (t-MRI) has been an attractive approach. Nevertheless, fully automatic analysis of these data sets is still challenging. In this work, we present a fully automatic framework to estimate left ventricular myocardial deformation from t-MRI. This strategy performs automatic myocardial segmentation based on B-spline explicit active surfaces, which are initialized using an annular model. A non-rigid image-registration technique is then used to assess myocardial deformation. Three experiments were set up to validate the proposed framework using a clinical database of 75 patients. First, automatic segmentation accuracy was evaluated by comparing against manual delineations at one specific cardiac phase. The proposed solution showed an average perpendicular distance error of 2.35 +/- 1.21 mm and 2.27 +/- 1.02 mm for the endo- and epicardium, respectively. Second, starting from either manual or automatic segmentation, myocardial tracking was performed and the resulting strain curves were compared. It is shown that the automatic segmentation adds negligible differences during the strain-estimation stage, corroborating its accuracy. Finally, segmental strain was compared with scar tissue extent determined by delay-enhanced MRI. The results proved that both strain components were able to distinguish between normal and infarct regions. Overall, the proposed framework was shown to be accurate, robust, and attractive for clinical practice, as it overcomes several limitations of a manual analysis.FCT—Fundacão para a Ciência e a Tecnologia, Portugal, and the European Social Found, European Union, for funding support through the Programa Operacional Capital Humano (POCH) in the scope of the PhD grants SFRH/BD/95438/2013 (P Morais) and SFRH/BD/93443/2013 (S Queirós). This work was supported by the projects NORTE-07-0124-FEDER-000017 and NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000013, co-funded by Programa Operacional Regional do Norte, Quadro de Referência Estratégico Nacional, through Fundo Europeu de Desenvolvimento Regional (FEDER). The authors would also like to acknowledge the EU (FP7) framework program, for the financial support of the DOPPLER-CIP project (grant no. 223615)info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Community acquired pneumonia and pneumonia severity index 20 (PSI-20): a retrospective study of the patients admitted to an internal medicine service, between 2007 and 2008

Introdução: A incidência exacta de pneumonia adquirida na comunidade (PAC) em Portugal não é conhecida, estimando-se entre 50 000 a 100 000 casos anualmente, verificando-se um aumento constante. Têm sido desenvolvidos índices de predição de prognóstico em doentes com PAC, entre os quais o Pneumonia Severity Index 20 (PSI-20), com o intuito de auxiliar o médico na decisão sobre o local de tratamento do doente. Objectivos: Os objectivos deste trabalho foram a avaliação da aplicabilidade das classes de risco (definidas pelo PSI-20), as recomendações de internamento na nossa população, as características demográficas e outros factores que influenciaram a mortalidade. Métodos: Análise retrospectiva dos processos clínicos dos doentes internados com diagnóstico de PAC durante dois anos num Serviço de Medicina Interna. As vinte variáveis que conformam o PSI-20 foram recolhidas e os doentes estratificados em classes de risco I-V. Resultados: Dos 582 doentes, 55% eram homens e 45% mulheres, com idade média de 74.1 anos (±14,9 anos). A mortalidade foi similar para os sexos, aumentando com a idade. A mortalidade foi superior nos doentes provenientes de lares, mas não variou de acordo com as co-morbilidades. A distribuição por classes de risco foi: classe I – 3.5%, classe II – 4.2%, classe III – 6.0%, classe IV – 28.5% e classe V – 57.7%. A mortalidade na nossa série foi similar à dos intervalos previstos no PSI-20. A terapêutica inicial foi empírica. Conclusões: O algoritmo de identificação de doentes de baixo risco é aplicável à nossa população. Baseado nas recomendações de internamento, a maioria dos doentes das classes I, II e III poderia ter sido tratada em ambulatório. A mortalidade foi maior nas classes IV e V, tal como no estudo de Fine et al.1 e subsequentes validaçõe

Cefaleia pós-punção da dura máter

Apresenta uma revisão da anatomia, fisiopatologia,clinica, diagnóstico e tratamento das cefaleias pos punção da dura mater. Faz uma revisão da casuistica do serviço de anestesiologia em relação a esta entidade clinica e apresenta alguns casos clinicos de cefaleias para diagnóstico diferencial com as cefaleias pós punção da dura mater

Contributos da epistemologia sistémica na investigação com famílias

Considerando a importância dos estudos científicos com famílias e o crescente interesse dos investigadores por esta temática, tanto nas ciências psicológicas como noutras (e.g., educação), esta reflexão foca a utilização de uma abordagem teórica e metodológica, fundamentada na epistemologia sistémica, no desenvolvimento da investigação com famílias. Para o efeito, apresentam-se exemplos de diferentes investigações, baseadas nesta epistemologia, e evidenciam-se as diferenças entre o paradigma “tradicional” (e.g., Descartes) e o paradigma sistémico: simplicidade versus complexidade; estabilidade versus instabilidade; objetividade versus intersubjetividade. Pensar e investigar sistemicamente as famílias implica: cruzar fontes e níveis de informação, focar a análise na relação, contextualizar social, cultural e historicamente, considerar o fator tempo e a perspetiva longitudinal, e, finalmente, recorrer à triangulação metodológica. Resumindo, estudar as famílias, através de uma perspetiva sistémica, requer uma atitude de contextualização e de reconhecimento da causalidade recursiva, o que pode ser favorecido pela combinação de diferentes estratégias e instrumentos metodológicos.Considering the importance of scientific studies with families and the growing interest of researchers in this subject, in psychological and in other sciences (e.g., education), this work focus on the use of a theoretical and methodological approach, based on systemic epistemology, within the development in families’ research. Therefore, different research’ examples are presented, according to that epistemology, and the differences between the “traditional” (e.g., Descartes) and systemic paradigms are evidenced: simplicity versus complexity; stability versus instability; objectivity versus intersubjetivity. Thinking and researching families in a systemic way implies: crossing sources and informative levels, focusing the analysis on relation, considering the social, cultural and historical context, as well as the time factor and a longitudinal perspective and, finally, using methodological triangulation. In summary, studying families, through a systemic perspective, requires an attitude of contextualization and recursive causality awareness, which could be improved by the combination of different methodological strategies and instruments.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Are wearable heart rate measurements accurate to estimate aerobic energy cost during low-intensity resistance exercise?

The aim of the present study was to assess the accuracy of heart rate to estimate energy cost during eight resistance exercises performed at low intensities: half squat, 45° inclined leg press, leg extension, horizontal bench press, 45° inclined bench press, lat pull down, triceps extension and biceps curl. 56 males (27.5 ± 4.9 years, 1.78 ± 0.06 m height, 78.67 ± 10.7 kg body mass and 11.4 ± 4.1% estimated body fat) were randomly divided into four groups of 14 subjects each. Two exercises were randomly assigned to each group and subjects performed four bouts of 4-min constant-intensity at each assigned exercise: 12%, 16%, 20% and 24% 1-RM. Exercise and intensity order were random. Each subject performed no more than 2 bouts in the same testing session. A minimum recovery of 24h was kept between sessions. During testing VO2 was measured with Cosmed K4b2 and heart rate was measured with Polar V800 monitor. Energy cost was calculated from mean VO2 during the last 30-s of each bout by using the energy equivalent 1 ml O2 = 5 calorie. Linear regressions with heart rate as predictor and energy cost as dependent variable were build using mean data from all subjects. Robustness of the regression lines was given by the scatter around the regression line (Sy.x) and Bland-Altman plots confirmed the agreement between measured and estimated energy costs. Significance level was set at p≤0.05. The regressions between heart rate and energy cost in the eight exercises were significant (p<0.01) and robustness was: half squat (Sy.x = 0,48 kcal·min-1), 45° inclined leg press (Sy.x = 0,54 kcal·min-1), leg extension (Sy.x = 0,59 kcal·min-1), horizontal bench press (Sy.x = 0,47 kcal·min-1), 45° inclined bench press (Sy.x = 0,54 kcal·min-1), lat pull down (Sy.x = 0,28 kcal·min-1), triceps extension (Sy.x = 0,08 kcal·min-1) and biceps curl (Sy.x = 0,13 kcal·min-1). We conclude that during low-intensity resistance exercises it is possible to estimate aerobic energy cost by wearable heart rate monitors with errors below 10% in healthy young trained males.This research was supported by Norte Portugal Regional Operational Programme (NORTE 2020), through Portugal 2020 and the European Regional Development Fund, NanoSTIMA, NORTE-01-0145- FEDER-000016 to VMR. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio