Can Distributional Fitting of Short Semantic Fluency Results Predict ADHD?

Remembering information can be likened to a search through a network composed of semantically related infor-mation. An appropriate search through this network requires an adaptive balance between exploratory and exploitative searchbehaviors. Without exploration, a searcher will perseverate too long on a semantic area devoid of resources. Without exploita-tion, a searcher may jump around aimlessly, failing to find the semantic areas with plentiful resources (see Hills, Jones, & Todd,2012). The semantic fluency task, in which subjects are asked to recall items from a given semantic category, can be used tomeasure these behaviors. Classically, this task has been used to predict Alzheimer’s susceptibility, but other clinically relevantpredictions have required involved semantic analyses. Here, we show that distribution fitting applied to the gross time seriesof recall events, can be used to easily predict measures of clinical relevance such as Wender Utah ADHD and Zuckerman’sSensation Seeking scores

BORIS/CTCFL is an RNA-binding protein that associates with polysomes

© 2013 Ogunkolade et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited

Przydatność kliniczna siatek centylowych urodzeniowej masy ciała w opiece nad noworodkiem

In view of the last few decades of progress within neonatology , the clinicians’ attentionis now focused on children with low bir th rate (&lt; 2,500 g) and with extremely low bir thrate (&lt; 1,000 g) in par ticular. Most of these patients are born prematurely . Assessmentof their physical maturity should be per formed within the first hours of their life. Whencross-referenced with anthropological measurements it guides fu rther management, aswell as mortality and morbidity prognostication. Various scales/scores are used to verifythe gestational age determined by the obstetricians. The current standard is the NewBallard Score (Dubowitz/Ballard). Centile charts allow for objective determination of theintrauterine growth as well as birth weight and measurements. Clinical utility of the chartsdepends on: population representativity, consideration for special cases (e.g. prematurity,number of foetuses in multiple pregnancy), if they are up to date and include seculartrends. Current neonatological standard in polish clinical practise are the Fenton’s growthcharts. However, they are based on a different population and there are no separate chartsfor multiple pregnancies available. Therefore, Polish growth charts are needed. These chartswould be representative for the neonatal population of this part of Europe and would takeinto account the social developments of the last few decades. Ideally, they should take thegestational age, gender and a number of foetuses into account. They would require a largeprospective study to validate them.W obliczu postępu, jaki dokonał się w neonatologii w ostatnich dekadach, uwaga lekarzy skupia się na populacji dzieci z małą [ < 2500g], a w szczególności skrajnie małą [500-999g] urodzeniową masą ciała. Większość z tych pacjentów stanowią noworodki urodzone przedwcześnie. Ocena ich dojrzałości powinna być dokonywana w pierwszych godzinach życia zewnątrzmacicznego. Odniesienie jej do wyników pomiarów antropometrycznych, dostarcza podstawowych informacji mających wpływ na postępowanie z noworodkiem i rokowanie względem chorobowości oraz śmiertelności. Pourodzeniowej weryfikacji wieku płodowego, oszacowanego przez położników, służą różne skale oceny. Obecnie podstawową jest New Ballard Score. W określeniu prawidłowości wewnątrzmacicznego wzrastania, a precyzyjniej - w obiektywizacji obserwacji z okresu ciąży i z pierwszego badania fizykalnego, pomocne są odpowiednio dobrane siatki centylowe wymiarów i urodzeniowej masy ciała. Przydatność kliniczna krzywych wzrastania zależy od ich: reprezentatywności dla danej populacji, uwzględnienia szczególnych uwarunkowań (np. wcześniactwa, ilości płodów w danej ciąży), oraz aktualności – z uwzględnieniem trendów, w tym sekularnych. W Polsce, w standardach w neonatologii, zalecane do stosowania w praktyce klinicznej są siatki centylowe Fentona. Przy ich tworzeniu nie wykorzystywano danych z populacji dzieci z tego regionu. Nie mają one także oddzielnych krzywych dla noworodków z ciąż wielopłodowych. Istnieje zatem potrzeba stworzenia polskich siatek centylowych, reprezentatywnych dla noworodków z tej części Europy i uwzględniających zmiany zachodzące w naszym społeczeństwie w ostatnich dekadach. Optymalnie, powinny być sporządzone z uwzględnieniem wieku postkoncepcyjnego, płci oraz z rozgraniczeniem ilości płodów w danej ciąży. Wskazane byłoby także przeprowadzenie prospektywnego badania, służącego ich walidacji

Testing quantum electrodynamics in extreme fields using helium-like uranium

Funding Information: The results presented here are based on the experiment E125, which is performed at the infrastructure ESR at the GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt, in the framework of FAIR Phase-0 and SPARC collaboration. This work is supported by the Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme of the European Union and grant agreement no. 6544002. We acknowledge the support provided by ErUM FSP T05-‘Aufbau von APPA bei FAIR’ (BMBF nos. 05P19SJFAA and 05P21SJFA1). We thank A. Malyshev, V. Shabaev and Y. Kozhedub for providing previously unknown theoretical results and also for the discussions on theoretical uncertainties. M.T. thanks the ExtreMe Matter Institute EMMI and Alexander von Humboldt Foundation for their support for the stays at the GSI for the preparation and data acquisition. L.D. acknowledges funding support from the Initiative Physique des Infinis (IPI), a research training programme of the Idex SUPER at Sorbonne Université. Funding Information: The results presented here are based on the experiment E125, which is performed at the infrastructure ESR at the GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt, in the framework of FAIR Phase-0 and SPARC collaboration. This work is supported by the Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme of the European Union and grant agreement no. 6544002. We acknowledge the support provided by ErUM FSP T05-‘Aufbau von APPA bei FAIR’ (BMBF nos. 05P19SJFAA and 05P21SJFA1). We thank A. Malyshev, V. Shabaev and Y. Kozhedub for providing previously unknown theoretical results and also for the discussions on theoretical uncertainties. M.T. thanks the ExtreMe Matter Institute EMMI and Alexander von Humboldt Foundation for their support for the stays at the GSI for the preparation and data acquisition. L.D. acknowledges funding support from the Initiative Physique des Infinis (IPI), a research training programme of the Idex SUPER at Sorbonne Université. Publisher Copyright: © 2024, The Author(s).Quantum electrodynamics (QED), the quantum field theory that describes the interaction between light and matter, is commonly regarded as the best-tested quantum theory in modern physics. However, this claim is mostly based on extremely precise studies performed in the domain of relatively low field strengths and light atoms and ions 1–6. In the realm of very strong electromagnetic fields such as in the heaviest highly charged ions (with nuclear charge Z ≫ 1), QED calculations enter a qualitatively different, non-perturbative regime. Yet, the corresponding experimental studies are very challenging, and theoretical predictions are only partially tested. Here we present an experiment sensitive to higher-order QED effects and electron–electron interactions in the high-Z regime. This is achieved by using a multi-reference method based on Doppler-tuned X-ray emission from stored relativistic uranium ions with different charge states. The energy of the 1s 1/22p 3/2 J = 2 → 1s 1/22s 1/2 J = 1 intrashell transition in the heaviest two-electron ion (U90+) is obtained with an accuracy of 37 ppm. Furthermore, a comparison of uranium ions with different numbers of bound electrons enables us to disentangle and to test separately the one-electron higher-order QED effects and the bound electron–electron interaction terms without the uncertainty related to the nuclear radius. Moreover, our experimental result can discriminate between several state-of-the-art theoretical approaches and provides an important benchmark for calculations in the strong-field domain.publishersversionpublishe

The MeerKAT telescope as a pulsar facility: System verification and early science results from MeerTime

We describe system verification tests and early science results from the pulsar processor (PTUSE) developed for the newly commissioned 64-dish SARAO MeerKAT radio telescope in South Africa. MeerKAT is a high-gain ( ) low-system temperature ( ) radio array that currently operates at 580–1 670 MHz and can produce tied-array beams suitable for pulsar observations. This paper presents results from the MeerTime Large Survey Project and commissioning tests with PTUSE. Highlights include observations of the double pulsar , pulse profiles from 34 millisecond pulsars (MSPs) from a single 2.5-h observation of the Globular cluster Terzan 5, the rotation measure of Ter5O, a 420-sigma giant pulse from the Large Magellanic Cloud pulsar PSR , and nulling identified in the slow pulsar PSR J0633–2015. One of the key design specifications for MeerKAT was absolute timing errors of less than 5 ns using their novel precise time system. Our timing of two bright MSPs confirm that MeerKAT delivers exceptional timing. PSR exhibits a jitter limit of whilst timing of PSR over almost 11 months yields an rms residual of 66 ns with only 4 min integrations. Our results confirm that the MeerKAT is an exceptional pulsar telescope. The array can be split into four separate sub-arrays to time over 1 000 pulsars per day and the future deployment of S-band (1 750–3 500 MHz) receivers will further enhance its capabilities

Semantic, Lexical, and Geographic Cues are used in Geographic Fluency

Semantic fluency tasks have increasingly been used to probethe structure of human memory, adopting methodologies fromthe ecological foraging literature to describe memory as a tra-jectory through semantic space. Clusters of semantically re-lated items are often produced together, and the transitions be-tween these clusters of semantically related items are consis-tent with theories of optimal foraging, where the search pro-cess exhibits a balance between exploration and exploitationbehaviors (Hills, Jones, &amp; Todd, 2012). Here, we use a seman-tic fluency memory task in which subjects recall geographiclocations. For each pairwise transition, we measure tempo-ral, geographic, semantic, lexical, and phonetic distances. Ingeneral, the dimensions are loosely but reliably correlated witheach other. Segmentation of the retrieval sequence into patchessupports the notion that subjects strategically leave patches aswithin-patch resources diminish, but also suggests that sub-jects may shift their attention between different sources of in-formation, perhaps reflecting dynamically changing patch def-initions