Analisis Kualitas Perairan Sungai Subayang Berdasarkan Indeks Biotilik sebagai Pengayaan Modul Mata Kuliah Ekologi Perairan

The study was conducted to determine the quality of the waters of theSubayang as enrichment Aquatic Ecology module in November 2015 - January 2016.Stages of the research is the analysis of water quality based on the Biotilic indexSubayang River, the next stage of enrichment courses Aquatic Ecology modules usingADDIE models. The research found 25 familia divided into 8 orders in which the threeorders of groups EPT is the order Ephemeroptera (4 familia), Plecoptera (2 familia),Trichoptera (6 familia), and 5 orders of the non-EPT is the order Odonata (4 familia),Coleoptera (3 familia), Hemiptera (3 familia), Diptera (4 familia), and Neotaeniglossa(1 familia). Familia number is highest for the number familia station I found that 16familia familia and the amount was lowest for the VI station with 3 number familia.Familia number belonging to the highest station EPT group I with 8 familia EPT whilethe lowest was in the VI station with only one number familia belonging to the EPTgroup. EPT abundance ranged from 25% -100%, which is highest abundance in stationV and the lowest at the station VI. Index sensitivity level is highest at V station with thelowest index value at station 4 and the third with an index value of 3.21. Based Biotilicindex, the quality of river waters Subayang ranged from uncontaminated until beingpolluted. The results of the research can be used as enrichment Aquatic Ecologymodule

Perbedaan Efektifitas Desinfektan Amonium Kuatener 1% dengan Fenol 1% dalam Penurunan Angka Kuman Lantai Ruang Perawatan di RSU Kardinah Kota Tegal

Background : Number of germs on the floor at the treatment room of Nusa Indah was 17 CFU/cm2 (standard of Health Minister Decree: 5-10 CFU/cm2). The room of Nusa Indah is devoted to the care of patients suffering from infectious diseases. Floor disinfectant at Kardinah Public Hospital uses phenol in accordance with the Standard Operating Procedure. The objective of this research was to analyze the effectiveness differences between quaternary ammonium and phenol disinfectants in decreasing number of germs on the floor in the treatment room at Kardinah Public Hospital in Tegal. Methode : This research used Control Time Series Design. Independent variables were quaternary ammonium 1%, phenol 1%, and contact time (minutes) during 10, 720, 1440, 2160, 2880, and 3600. Meanwhile, a dependent variable was number of germs. Study population was treatment rooms at Kardinah Public Hospital. Samples were taken by using purposive sampling. Correlation test was used to analyze the relationship between number of germs after providing either quaternary ammonium 1% and contact time or phenol 1% and contact time. On the other hand, independent T test was used to analyze differences of number of germs in the first measurement after providing quaternary ammonium 1% and phenol 1%. Result : The results ofthis research revealed that number of germs after providing quaternary ammonium 1% in the 10th minute was equal to 3 CFU/cm2, and then it rose gradually in the next minutes. In contrast, number of germs after providing phenol 1% in the 10th minute was equal to 10 CFU/cm2, and then it also gradually increased in the next minutes. Furthermore, there were any significant differences in terms of the number of germs after providing quaternary ammonium 1% and phenol 1% (p value = 0.001). Conclusion : As a conclusion, disinfectants of phenol 1% and quaternary ammonium 1% are effective to reduce number of germs in the 10th minute. The treatment room needs to use quaternary ammonium 1% because it has a greater exponential value of concentration than phenol 1%. Amonium kuatener has the smell of fresh lemon. Moreover, it is more effective to kill viruses and fung

Effects of BCAA Enteral Nutrition to the Change of Nutritional Status and Hepatic Encephalopathy Parameters in Liver Cirrhosis Patient with Hepatic Encephalopathy

Background: This study was also conducted to determine the effects of high-branched chain amino acid (BCAA) enteral supplementation on altered nutritional status parameters (including plasma prealbumin) and hepatic encephalopathy parameters in liver cirrhosis patients with hepatic encephalopathy. Method: Our study was a randomized, single-blinded experimental study comparing between control group of liver cirrhosis patients with standard hospital liver diet (40 kcal/kgBW/day for male and 35 kcal/kgBW/day for female; protein 1.25 g/kgBW/day) and experimental group of liver cirrhosis patients with liver diet modification high in BCAA supplementation, which had similar protein and calorie calculation as the control group. Results: Subclinical hepatic encephalopathy prevalence was 32%. In the experimental group, prealbumin plasma, arm circumference, body weight and body mass index (BMI) increased; whereas in the control group, prealbumin plasma, arm circumference, body weight and BMI decreased (p < 0.05). In experimental group, the ammonia level significantly decreased (p < 0.01). Clinical hepatic encephalopathy, flapping tremor, the number connection test (NCT) did not show significant changes between the two groups. However, there was worsening trend in the control group. Level of albumin, bilirubin, AST, ALT did not show any significant difference between both groups. Conclusion: High-BCAA enteral supplementation which is administered to liver cirrhosis patients with hepatic encephalopathy for 14 days could improve plasma prealbumin level, arm circumference, body weight, BMI and could decrease the plasma ammonia level. However, it does not improve Fischer ratio, psychometric test and electroencephalograph

FcpB Is a Surface Filament Protein of the Endoflagellum Required for the Motility of the Spirochete Leptospira

International audienceThe spirochete endoflagellum is a unique motility apparatus among bacteria. Despite its critical importance for pathogenesis, the full composition of the flagellum remains to be determined. We have recently reported that FcpA is a novel flagellar protein and a major component of the sheath of the filament of the spirochete Leptospira. By screening a library of random transposon mutants in the spirochete Leptospira biflexa, we found a motility-deficient mutant harboring a disruption in a hypothetical gene of unknown function. Here, we show that this gene encodes a surface component of the endoflagellar filament and is required for typical hook- and spiral-shaped ends of the cell body, coiled structure of the endoflagella, and high velocity phenotype. We therefore named the gene fcpB for flagellar-coiling protein B. fcpB is conserved in all members of the Leptospira genus, but not present in other organisms including other spirochetes. Complementation of the fcpB− mutant restored the wild-type morphology and motility phenotypes. Immunoblotting with anti-FcpA and anti-FcpB antisera and cryo-electron microscopy of the filament indicated that FcpB assembled onto the surface of the sheath of the filament and mostly located on the outer (convex) side of the coiled filament. We provide evidence that FcpB, together with FcpA, are Leptospira-specific novel components of the sheath of the filament, key determinants of the coiled and asymmetric structure of the endoflagella and are essential for high velocity. Defining the components of the endoflagella and their functions in these atypical bacteria should greatly enhance our understanding of the mechanisms by which these bacteria produce motility

Mapping ergonomics application to improve SMEs working condition in industrially developing countries: a critical review

In industrially developing countries (IDC), small and medium enterprises (SMEs) account for the highest proprotion of employment. Unfortunately, the working conditions in SMEs are often very poor and expose employees to a potentially wide range of health and safety risks. This paper presents a comprehensive review of 161 articles related to ergonomics application in SMEs, using Indonesia as a case study. The aim of this paper is to investigate the extent of ergonomics application and identify areas that can be improved to promote effective ergonomics for SMEs in IDC. The most urgent issue found is the need for adopting participatory approach in contrast to the commonly implemented top-down approach. Some good practices in ergonomics application were also revealed from the review, e.g. a multidisciplinary approach, unsophisticated and low-cost solutions, and recognising the importance of productivity. The review also found that more work is still required to achieve appropriate cross-cultural adaptation of ergonomics application. Practitioner Summary: Despite continuous efforts in addressing ergonomics issues in SMEs of IDC, workers are still exposed to poor work conditions. We reviewed factual-based evidence of current ergonomics application to inform future strategies of ergonomics in IDC, using Indonesia as a case study

Hanoman's 2D animated character in ramayana wayang story

Research in art creation is an effort to preserve traditional arts, especially wayang kulit in the form of character development of the Hanoman character in the Ramayana story through animated 2D media which aims to introduce traditional skills among the younger generation in Surakarta. This research method of art creation uses a qualitative descriptive approach through data sources, including Ramayana puppet shows, literature studies, and competent speakers in the field of puppetry and animation. The stages of analysis from various sources of results from information from both literature reviews and interviews were carried out using an interactive model, where each component of the research includes the stages of data collection, data reduction, presentation, and conclusion drawing. Test the validity of the data using data triangulation techniques, namely triangulation of data sources and triangulation of theories. The locations of designing 2D animated Hanoman characters go through several processes, namely: the Envisioning Phase, the Planning Phase, the Design/Design Stage, the Stabilizing Phase, and the Deploying Phase. The Hanoman character in the Ramayana wayang story collaborates with 2D animation technology as an alternative to introducing wayang characters and educational media that are suitable for the younger generation segmentation

Hanoman's 2D Animated Character in Ramayana Wayang Story

Research in art creation is an effort to preserve traditional arts, especially wayang kulit in the form of character development of the Hanoman character in the Ramayana story through animated 2D media which aims to introduce traditional skills among the younger generation in Surakarta. This research method of art creation uses a qualitative descriptive approach through data sources, including Ramayana puppet shows, literature studies, and competent speakers in the field of puppetry and animation. The stages of analysis from various sources of results from information from both literature reviews and interviews were carried out using an interactive model, where each component of the research includes the stages of data collection, data reduction, presentation, and conclusion drawing. Test the validity of the data using data triangulation techniques, namely triangulation of data sources and triangulation of theories. The locations of designing 2D animated Hanoman characters go through several processes, namely: the Envisioning Phase, the Planning Phase, the Design/Design Stage, the Stabilizing Phase, and the Deploying Phase. The Hanoman character in the Ramayana wayang story collaborates with 2D animation technology as an alternative to introducing wayang characters and educational media that are suitable for the younger generation segmentation

Hubungan Kapasitas Paru Terhadap Faktor Individu Dan Lingkungan Pada Pekerja Unit Weaving Bagian Loom 1 Dan Loom 3 Perusahaan Tekstil X Tahun 2016

The textile industry has a high risk of lung capacity disruption due to high exposure of cotton dust during the production process. Work environment and individual factors can increase the risk. This research aimed to analyze the differences in lung capacity of machine operator loom 1 and loom 3 also identify the factors that influence. This research used explanatory research method with cross sectional approach. Total population of the research was 166. Samples in this research are 26 machine operators loom 1 and 39 machine operator loom 3 “X” textile company. Identifying correlation using Chi-Square and Fisher's Exact Test, difference analysis using Mann Whitney Test. The results showed that no differences between the mean lung capacity in parts loom 1 and loom 3 (p = 0.674). The result on loom 1, there is relationship between age (p = 0.016) with the lung capacity, and there is no relationship between the work period (p = 0.617), nutritional status (p = 1.000), history of disease (p = 0.189), and wearing masks (p = 0.538) with the lung capacity. The result on loom 3 there is relationship between history of the disease (p = 0.001) and wearing masks (p = 0.002) with the lung capacity, and there is no relationship between age (p = 0.068), age (p = 0.253), and nutritional status (p = 0.725) with the lung capacity