Role of social science research in the integrated development and management of marine fisheries

The importance of fisheries in the national economy needs no emphasis. The reasons for the development of fisheries In India are the same as In many of the Third World countries: the need to a) increased fish production, b) secure Income and foreign exchange, and c) provision of employment opportunities. This paper intends 1. to review and examine the current pace of social science research In marine fisheries, 2.to evaluate the performance of fishery policy and planning in India, and 3.to emphasise the need for sustained contribution of social science research for the integrated development and management of marine fisheries.it Is found that the pace of social science research in the fisheries sector has hither to been rather limited. Excepting a few studies sponsored by Government and also some pioneering attempts by individual social scientists, systematic analytical research Is lacking. The efforts of fishery policy and planning In India, so far, resulted In realising some of the national objectives in terms of growth of marine fish production and exports. information about the improvement of the socio-economic conditions of fishermen is scanty. Due to absence of social science research interms of penodlcal evaluation of planning strategy, implementation mechanism and the resultant benefits, the desired results could not be achieved. Therefore, it is necessary to concentrate or problem oriented researching to Integrate the same with fisheries planning, and also to strengthen the social science research capacity for better development and management of marine fisheries

Search for physiologically active compounds. Part XXV. Synthesis of 7, 8-furano- and pyrono-3-methyl-2-(2-furyl)-chromones

α-Methyldihydrofurano, γ and α-pyrono ring systems have been built on 7, 8-position of 2-(2-furyl)-3-methyl chromone. The structure-activity relationship among 2-(2-furyl)-chromones is discussed

Search for physiologically active compounds. Part XVIII. Synthesis of 6- and 7-halo-2-alkylchromones

This article does not have an abstract

A Process Oriented Approach to Waiting Line Management in a Large Pilgrimage Center in India: A Case Study

This article documents an innovative approach to manage waiting line in the largest pilgrimage center in the world. By a judicious combination of process orientation and advances in Information Technology, the pilgrimage center’s management has been able to dramatically change the pilgrims waiting experience. The pilgrimage location under study is Tirumala located in Andhra Pradesh state in India. The number of visitors to this important location has been steadily increasing over time. As of 2005, the location attracted approximately 16 million visitors a year. The primary objective of a pilgrim visiting Tirumala is to have darshan of the principle deity in the temple. The secondary objectives include tonsure (shaving head as a mark of respect), offering donations, prasad collection, local sight seeing and shopping. The immense popularity of the temple and its location poses significant challenges to the management of the system. This temple is a tradition bound Institution. Therefore, some alternatives to resolve pilgrim waiting time are feasible and some are not. There are some hard constraints which may not stand the test of logic. The ability to manage the traffic volume is a function of processing rate (darshan duration) at the temple and darshan time available per day. This case study is an example of improving operational effectiveness by using formal management methods in addressing an important real life problem in an under researched area.

Dynamic refining control model for LD converter

A mathematical model for the dynamic refining control of the LD Converter is presented. Equations representing the reaction kinetics are formulated using the oxygen demand function. The amount of oxygen accumulated in LD Conver-ter, which is calculated from the oxygen balance by using exhaust gas data, corresponds to the amount of FeO, Fe203 and Mn0 in the slag during blowing. With the control of the refining reaction with oxygen balance carbon, phospho-rus and manganese contents of steel and the total iron content of slag at blow end were controlled at preferable levels and their fluctuations were remarkably reduced. The equations were coupled with appropriate thermal balance equations. The resulting set of non-linear first order equations have been numerically solved to predict the reaction path in the converter as a function of the operat-ing conditions like oxygen blowing rate, lance height, iron ore, limestone additions rates etc. With continuous on line data feeding from the converter facilities like sublance systems and waste gas analysers the entire conve-rter operation could be automated. The model works on a simple micro computer and could be easily incorporated on to the on-line control circuit of the Converter

The effect of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide on size and morphology of ZnO and CuO

The nanoparticles (NP) ZnO and CuO were synthesized by electrochemical-thermal method. The influence of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) on size and morphology of NP was evaluated. They were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), UV-Visible absorption spectroscopy. The average crystallite size and the average grain size of NP decreased with CTAB concentration. The CTAB significantly affected the morphology of CuO and ZnO NP. The regular spindle shape of CuO transformed into irregular spherical shape and the homogeneity in the morphology of spherical ZnO NP was lost with increase in CTAB concentration. The effect of morphology and size of ZnO on its photocatalytic activity was evaluated by subjecting methylene blue (MB) dye to photocatalytic degradation under the irradiation of UV light. The color removal of MB dye during electrolysis was monitored by UV-Visible spectroscopy. The highest photocatalytic activity was noticed for ZnO 10 mM CTAB

Development of a soccer specific functional rehabilitation program using the Modified Delphi Technique

Context. There are no concise and thorough core and lower quarter exercises for functional rehabilitation found in the literature or the clinical setting for soccer. An exercise program is needed to assist clinicians in developing sport specific functional rehabilitation programs. Objective. The purpose of this study was to develop a concise soccer specific functional rehabilitation program. Design. This was a prospective descriptive study following the Modified Delphi Technique to develop exercise components to include in a functional rehabilitation program based on opinion from a panel of experts. The dependent variable was the responses ranging from strongly agree to strongly disagree. Setting. This study took place at West Virginia University. Patients or other participants. Participants consisted of Certified Athletic Trainers (n=9 round one, n=6 round two) and Physical Therapists (n= 7 round one, n= 5 round two) with a minimum of five years clinical experience and criteria for selection of the researchers were based on publications and presentations on soccer. Eighteen clinical Certified Athletic Trainers, Physical Therapists and researchers participated in the first round. Eleven participants completed the second round. Interventions. Exercises to be included in a functional rehabilitation program was through a series of successive revisions with input being offered from colleagues. Three questionnaires were utilized in this study. The demographic questionnaire was e-mailed to the participants with the first round questionnaire. The panel was asked to fill out questions about credentials and experience and asked to respond to the exercise components on the Likert scale from strongly agree to strongly disagree. The participants submitted the questionnaire online. A link to the second questionnaire with means score, percentages and additional write in comments from round one was sent to the participants. Follow-up letters for the first and second rounds were e-mailed to the participants one week before the due dates as reminders to complete the questionnaire. The responses from the second questionnaire contributed to the development of the functional rehabilitation program. Main outcomes measures. With a consensus of the participants (75% strongly agree and agree and a mean score of 4) the responses for each exercise section would be similar. The hypotheses included: dynamic flexibility, single leg balance, lunge sequencing, heel raise sequencing, squat sequencing, plyometrics, core stabilization and functional activity progression. Results. The initial questionnaire consisted of 168 exercise components. After the second round, 81 of the proposed exercise components reached consensus and therefore were used to develop the final program. The final program consisted of what should be included in a soccer specific functional rehabilitation program based on best clinical practice and evidence based guidelines. Conclusion. The responses from both rounds by the panel of experts led to the development of the soccer specific functional rehabilitation program. Although there was a dropout of seven participants, this program is still representative of Major League Soccer ATCs, PTs, and soccer researchers. Since the remaining exercise components are supported by evidence based research and best clinical practice, this program can serve as a guideline for a soccer specific functional rehabilitation program. Additional studies should be conducted for the development of a functional rehabilitation program

Kinetics of Oxidation of Methyl Orange & Methyl Red by V(V)*

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Search for physiologically active compounds. Part VI. Synthesis of halo and nitro derivatives of dihydroxy xanthones

The condensation of resorcinol and 4-chloro resorcinol with chloro- and nitro-substituted β-resorcylic acids, has yielded the corresponding tetrahydroxy benzophenones, which with the exception of those containing nitro groups, could be cyclised to the respective 3:6-dihydroxy xanthones. In the case of condensations with orcinol, however, 1:6-dihydroxy xanthones could be directly isolated. A number of halo and nitro derivatives of 3:6-dihydroxy xanthone have also been prepared by direct halogenation and nitration of the xanthone, as well as by substitution in the intermediate benzophenone and subsequent cyclisation