New Methods for Image Retrieval

Image Retrieval (IR) is a standout amongst the most energizing and quickest developing exploration regions in the field of multimedia innovation. We present here a feature of ongoing exploration for IR. A few patterns and plausible future research bearings are exhibited. We uncover the significant issues that we have perceived: the absence of a decent estimation of visual comparability, the little significance agreed to client communication and input, and the disregard of spatial data. Noting these worries, we depict the arrangements actualized by recent IR frameworks. We likewise present the current image retrieval extends in our research centre, which are persuaded to a huge degree by these equivalent contemplations

Comparing the effectiveness of liquid based cytology with conventional PAP smear and colposcopy in screening for cervical cancer and it’s correlation with histopathological examination: a prospective study

Background: Cervical cancer remains worldwide the second most common cancer among women and is unique among human cancers, entirely attributable to infection. Although routine cytological screening has resulted in large reduction in the cervical cancer burden in our country, still the incidence rates continue to be unabated for want of effective screening programs.Methods: This is a prospective study which was conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology. The study included 200 women who were randomly selected attending gynecologyOPD and who fulfilled the inclusion criteria. All the selected patients were subjected to pap smear, LBC and colposcopy and histopathology done for suspected cases.Results: The differences of sensitivity and specificity between LBC, PAP smear and colposcopy in detection of premalignant lesions were analyzed using the chi square test. The sensitivity of LBC (89.5%) was significantly higher than sensitivity of PAP smear (47.37%). P <0.001. The specificity of PAP smear (95.06%) was higher than LBC (77.16%). The statistical analysis between LBC and PAP smear; LBC and colposcopy were significant (P=0.000<0.05).Conclusions: Liquid based cytology increases the sensitivity of cervical cancer detection and its ability to do molecular testing using the same sample. LBC also improves sample quality by reducing the number of unsatisfactory smears, reduces the number of false negative smears, causes reduction in interobserver bias and less time consuming

Performance and emissions study of diesel and waste biodiesel blends with nanosized CZA2 of high oxygen storage capacity

YesIn this work, the effect of the nanosized CZA2 (cerium-zirconium-aluminium) on the performance and emissions in a two- cylinder indirect injection (IDI) diesel engine, was studied. CZA2 was dispersed in diesel (D100) and waste cooking oil and tallow origin biodiesel-diesel blends (B10, B20, B30) and tested at different engine loads and constant speed. The nanocatalyst (CZA2) increased the brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC) and decreased the brake thermal efficiency (BTE, %) of all tested fuels, at all loads, except B20 at the lowest load. CZA2 reduced nitrogen oxides (NOx) from D100 at low and high engine loads, as well as carbon monoxide (CO) and unburned hydrocarbons (HC) at medium and high tested loads. The dispersion of CZA2 promoted the combustion of the biodiesel blends by almost eliminating HC while reducing NOx and CO emissions at various loads. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) coupled with Attenuated Total Reflectance- Fourier Transform Infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy revealed that the addition of CZA2 in diesel and biodiesel under pyrolysis and oxidation conditions resulted in the presence of saturated species like ketones and final oxidation products such as CO2, supporting their improved combustion and emissions’ reduction in the engine tests

IN VITRO SCREENING FOR ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE ENZYME INHIBITION POTENTIAL OF MUTHU PARPAM – THERAPEUTIC LEAD FOR ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE

Objective: Siddha system is an ancient traditional system of medicine treats many chronic ailments and neurological disorders. Muthu parpam is one of the herbo marine Siddha drugs which have the indication for neurocognitive dysfunction. The main objective of this current study was to evaluate the acetylcholine esterase (AChE) inhibition of Muthu parpam. Methods: AChE activity was evaluated using a modified 96-well microplate assay based on Ellman’s method. Physostigmine (5, 10, 20, and 40 μg/ml) was used as the positive control. Results: The result of this study clearly indicates that the test drug Muthu Parpam was effective in inhibiting AChE enzyme at the specified concentration dose dependently. Maximum percentage inhibition of about 71.68% was observed at 500 μg/ml when compared to that of the Physostigmine, a known AChE inhibitor with the maximum inhibition 84.87% at the concentration of 40 μg/ml. Conclusion: Hence, this preliminary screening has proven the efficacy of Muthu parpam through AChE inhibition potential in the management of Alzheimer disease

ANGIOTENSIN CONVERTING ENZYME INHIBITION POTENTIAL OF ANNAPAVALA CHENDHURAM FOR THE TREATMENT OF HYPERTENSION - AN IN–VITRO ASSAY

Hypertension is that the most noteworthy risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and stroke. Dietary and lifestyle&nbsp;changes play the foremost part to decrease the hazard of hypertension and other related wellbeing complications. Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE) inhibitors play a major role in treating hypertension. Annapavala chendhuram is a herbo – mineral Siddha formulation comes under the type of 32 internal medicines of Siddha. Hypolipidemic activity of Annapavala chendhuram has been proven by some research studies. Hence, the purpose of the present study was to evaluate the ACE inhibition activity on Annapavala chendhuram by using an in-vitro assay. The ACE inhibition assay was evaluated by UV Spectrophotometry technique based on the hydrolysis of histidyl-hippuryl-leucine (HHL) by ACE. About 50µL test sample with varying concentration (100- 500 µg/ml) along with standard captopril (100µg/ml) added with 50µL of ACE and some process had continued. The present study indicates that the test drug Annapavala chendhuram was effective in inhibiting the enzyme ACE dose-dependently. Maximum percentage inhibition of about 53.24±8.403% was observed at 500μg/ml when compared to that of the Captopril, a standard ACE enzyme inhibitor agent with the maximum inhibition 86.98 ± 6.375 at the concentration of 100μg/ml. It was concluded that the test drug Annapavala chendhuram possess significant anti-hypertensive property in protein denaturation assay. So, further in-vitro evaluation of ACE inhibitory activity on Siddha herbal preparations and clinical trials will be the need of the hour

APPLICATION OF VARIOUS OPEN SOURCE VISUALIZATION TOOLS FOR EFFECTIVE MINING OF INFORMATION FROM GEOSPATIAL PETROLEUM DATA

This study emphasizes the use of various tools for visualizing geospatial data for facilitating information mining of the global petroleum reserves. In this paper, open-source data on global oil trade, from 1996 to 2016, published by British Petroleum was used. It was analysed using the shapefile of the countries of the world in the open-source software like StatPlanet, R and QGIS. Visualizations were created using different maps with combinations of graphics and plots, like choropleth, dot density, graduated symbols, 3D maps, Sankey diagrams, hybrid maps, animations, etc. to depict the global petroleum trade. Certain inferences could be quickly made like, Venezuela and Iran are rapidly rising as the producers of crude oil. The strong-hold is shifting from the Gulf countries since China, Sudan and Kazakhstan have shown a high rate of positive growth in crude reserves. It was seen that the global oil consumption is not driven only by population but by lifestyle also, since Saudi Arabia has a very high rate of per-capita consumption of petroleum, despite very low population. India and China have very limited oil reserves, yet have to cater to a large population. These visualizations help to understand the likely sources of crude and refined petroleum products and to judge the flux in the global oil reserves. The results show that geodata visualization increases the understanding, breaks down the complexity of data and enables the viewer to quickly digest the high volumes of data through visual association

A Framework for Labeling Images through Object Detection and Segmentation Using Preprocessing and ReNet Architecture

In a Segmentation-based approach, an image is segmented and its various regions are classified, unlike classifying the individual pixels. This papers uses the ReNet architecture to extract the features of an object in an image. This ReNet architecture replaces each convolutional layer(CNN) with four RNNs that also brings together lower-layer features from different directions. After the extraction of feature the image is over segmented into superpixels first and then it is classified into individual superpixels. The dependencies to the nearby superpixel labels shall be explored and exploited by Conditional Random Field statistical approach. Though the time to segment and label the images is somewhat higher, the pixel accuracy is more when this technique is implemented in the two datasets SIFT Flow and Stanford Background Dataset

EVALUATION OF SOUND CLASSIFICATION USING MODIFIED CLASSIFIER AND SPEECH ENHANCEMENT USING ICA ALGORITHM FOR HEARING AID APPLICATION

Hearing aid users are exposed to diversified vocal scenarios. The necessity for sound classification algorithms becomes a vital factor to yield good listening experience. In this work, an approach is proposed to improve the speech quality in the hearing aids based on Independent Component Analysis (ICA) algorithm with modified speech signal classification methods. The proposed algorithm has better results on speech intelligibility than other existing algorithm and this result has been proved by the intelligibility experiments. The ICA algorithm and modified Bayesian with Adaptive Neural Fuzzy Interference System (ANFIS) is to effectiveness of the strategies of speech quality, thus this classification increases noise resistance of the new speech processing algorithm that proposed in this present work. This proposed work indicates that the new Modified classifier can be feasible in hearing aid applications