4,677 research outputs found
Revealing structure and evolution within the corona of the Seyfert galaxy I Zw 1
X-ray spectral timing analysis is presented of XMM-Newton observations of the
narrow line Seyfert 1 galaxy I Zwicky 1 (I Zw 1) taken in 2015 January. After
exploring the effect of background flaring on timing analyses, X-ray time lags
between the reflection-dominated 0.3-1.0keV energy and continuum-dominated
1.0-4.0keV band are measured, indicative of reverberation off the inner
accretion disc. The reverberation lag time is seen to vary as a step function
in frequency; across lower frequency components of the variability, 3e-4 to
1.2e-3Hz a lag of 160s is measured, but the lag shortens to (59 +/- 4)s above
1.2e-3Hz. The lag-energy spectrum reveals differing profiles between these
ranges with a change in the dip showing the earliest arriving photons. The low
frequency signal indicates reverberation of X-rays emitted from a corona
extended at low height over the disc while at high frequencies, variability is
generated in a collimated core of the corona through which luminosity
fluctuations propagate upwards. Principal component analysis of the variability
supports this interpretation, showing uncorrelated variation in the spectral
slope of two power law continuum components. The distinct evolution of the two
components of the corona is seen as a flare passes inwards from the extended to
the collimated portion. An increase in variability in the extended corona was
found preceding the initial increase in X-ray flux. Variability from the
extended corona was seen to die away as the flare passed into the collimated
core leading to a second sharper increase in the X-ray count rate.Comment: 18 pages, 11 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRA
Universal zero-bias conductance for the single electron transistor. II: Comparison with numerical results
A numerical renormalization-group survey of the zero-bias electrical
conductance through a quantum dot embedded in the conduction path of a
nanodevice is reported. The results are examined in the light of a recently
derived linear mapping between the temperature-dependent conductance and the
universal function describing the conductance for the symmetric Anderson model.
A gate potential applied to the conduction electrons is known to change
markedly the transport properties of a quantum dot side-coupled to the
conduction path; in the embedded geometry here discussed, a similar potential
is shown to affect only quantitatively the temperature dependence of the
conductance. As expected, in the Kondo regime the numerical results are in
excellent agreement with the mapped conductances. In the mixed-valence regime,
the mapping describes accurately the low-temperature tail of the conductance.
The mapping is shown to provide a unified view of conduction in the
single-electron transistor.Comment: Sequel to arXiv:0906.4063. 9 pages with 8 figure
EXPRESSION OF HUMAN PROTEIN C IN MAMMARY TISSUE OF TRANSGENIC MAMMALS
Recombinant protein C characterized by a high percentage of active protein can be obtained in the milk of transgenic mammals that incorporate DNAs according to the present invention. Transgenic mammals of the present invention are produced by introducing into developing embryos DNA that encodes protein C, such that the DNA is stably incorporated in the DNA of germ line cells of the mature mammals and inherited in normal, mendelian fashion
Keldysh study of point-contact tunneling between superconductors
We revisit the problem of point-contact tunnel junctions involving
one-dimensional superconductors and present a simple scheme for computing the
full current-voltage characteristics within the framework of the
non-equilibrium Keldysh Green function formalism. We address the effects of
different pairing symmetries combined with magnetic fields and finite
temperatures at arbitrary bias voltages. We discuss extensively the importance
of these results for present-day experiments. In particular, we propose ways of
measuring the effects found when the two sides of the junction have dissimilar
superconducting gaps and when the symmetry of the superconducting states is not
the one of spin-singlet pairing. This last point is of relevance for the study
of the superconducting state of certain organic materials like the Bechgaard
salts and, to some extent, for ruthenium compounds.Comment: 10 pages, 4 figure
Rotated stripe order and its competition with superconductivity in LaSrCuO
We report the observation of a bulk charge modulation in
LaSrCuO (LSCO) with a characteristic in-plane wave-vector
of (0.236, ), with =0.011 r.l.u. The transverse shift of
the ordering wave-vector indicates the presence of rotated charge-stripe
ordering, demonstrating that the charge ordering is not pinned to the Cu-O bond
direction. On cooling through the superconducting transition, we find an abrupt
change in the growth of the charge correlations and a suppression of the charge
order parameter indicating competition between the two orderings. Orthorhombic
LSCO thus helps bridge the apparent disparities between the behavior previously
observed in the tetragonal "214" cuprates and the orthorhombic yttrium and
bismuth-based cuprates and thus lends strong support to the idea that there is
a common motif to charge order in all cuprate families.Comment: 6 pages, 4 figue
Linear and Branched Fiber-like Micelles from the Crystallization-Driven Self-Assembly of Heterobimetallic Block Copolymer Polyelectrolyte/Surfactant Complexes
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Using data insertion with the NAME model to simulate the 8 May 2010 Eyjafjallajökull volcanic ash cloud
A data insertion method, where a dispersion model is initialized from ash properties derived from a series of satellite observations, is used to model the 8 May 2010 Eyjafjallajökull volcanic ash cloud which extended from Iceland to northern Spain. We also briefly discuss the application of this method to the April 2010 phase of the Eyjafjallajökull eruption and the May 2011 Grímsvötn eruption. An advantage of this method is that very little knowledge about the eruption itself is required because some of the usual eruption source parameters are not used. The method may therefore be useful for remote volcanoes where good satellite observations of the erupted material are available, but little is known about the properties of the actual eruption. It does, however, have a number of limitations related to the quality and availability of the observations. We demonstrate that, using certain configurations, the data insertion method is able to capture the structure of a thin filament of ash extending over northern Spain that is not fully captured by other modeling methods. It also verifies well against the satellite observations according to the quantitative
object-based quality metric, SAL—structure, amplitude, location, and the spatial coverage metric, Figure of
Merit in Space
1H0707-495 in 2011: An X-ray source within a gravitational radius of the event horizon
The Narrow Line Seyfert 1 Galaxy 1H0707-495 went in to a low state from 2010
December to 2011 February, discovered by a monitoring campaign using the X-Ray
Telescope on the Swift satellite. We triggered a 100 ks XMM-Newton observation
of the source in 2011 January, revealing the source to have dropped by a factor
of ten in the soft band, below 1 keV, and a factor of 2 at 5 keV, compared with
a long observation in 2008. The sharp spectral drop in the source usually seen
around 7 keV now extends to lower energies, below 6 keV in our frame. The 2011
spectrum is well fit by a relativistically-blurred reflection spectrum similar
to that which fits the 2008 data, except that the emission is now concentrated
solely to the central part of the accretion disc. The irradiating source must
lie within 1 gravitational radius of the event horizon of the black hole, which
spins rapidly. Alternative models are briefly considered but none has any
simple physical interpretation.Comment: 9 pages, 19 figures, MNRAS in pres
Magnetic excitations in stripe-ordered LaBaCuO studied using resonant inelastic x-ray scattering
The charge and spin correlations in LaBaCuO (LBCO
1/8) are studied using Cu edge resonant inelastic x-ray scattering
(RIXS). The static charge order (CO) is observed at a wavevector of
and its charge nature confirmed by measuring the dependence of this peak on the
incident x-ray polarization. The paramagnon excitation in LBCO 1/8 is then
measured as it disperses through the CO wavevector. Within the experimental
uncertainty no changes are observed in the paramagnon due to the static CO, and
the paramagnon seems to be similar to that measured in other cuprates, which
have no static CO. Given that the stripe correlation modulates both the charge
and spin degrees of freedom, it is likely that subtle changes do occur in the
paramagnon due to CO. Consequently, we propose that future RIXS measurements,
realized with higher energy resolution and sensitivity, should be performed to
test for these effects.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figure
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