Effect of temperature, time, and asparaginase on acrylamide formation and physicochemical properties of bread

The aim of the current paper was to elucidate the influence of temperature and time on acrylamide formation and physico-chemical characteristics of bread. Additionally, the effect of asparaginase addition to bran was evaluated. With increasing baking time and temperature, the amount of acrylamide (µg kg−1) increased. The results indicated that the acrylamide concentration in treated samples with asparaginase was significantly less than those without asparaginase treatment. Based on Pearson’ test, it was found that there was a significant correlation between baking temperature and acrylamide concentration (R=0.99, P=0.025; and R=0.98, P=0.026 for the samples prepared by baking for 2.5 min and 3 min, respectively). The firmness of bread samples increased with increasing baking temperature (P>0.05), while asparaginase addition did not significant affect the textural characteristics of the final product. Breads baked at 320 °C for 3 min were more acceptable by the sensory panel in terms of their texture and chewiness, whereas the samples baked at 370 °C for 2.5 min had the lowest score in comparison to other evaluated samples

Limnological study on Zarrineh River

Limnological studies of the Zarrineh River have been performed in order to identify physicochemical and biological characteristics of this river. Water samples from 14 sites along the river length were examined monthly during a year. The results indicated the river was polluted by Saghez and Miandoab Cities sewage to the extent of poly saprob, the extent of pollution at other sites was within the limits of oligo saprob or meso saprob. The results also showed that all dissolved and mineral compositions in this river was safe for drinking but iron concentration and water hardness in the terminal sites near the Urmia Lake are higher than EPA standards for drinking . This cannot, however, pose serious problem for warm water fish culture activities. Domestic sewage seem to be the most important pollution source to this river. Although the self-purification capacity of this river seem to be high but large number of polluting sites along the river exceed this capacity

Mediating role of psychological distress and domestic violence in the association of fear of COVID-19 with marital satisfaction and sexual quality of life among women of reproductive age: an Iranian cross-sectional study

Objectives: This study aimed to determine the mediating role of psychological distress and domestic violence in the association of fear of COVID-19 with marital satisfaction and sexual quality of life (QoL) among Iranian women of reproductive age. Methods: A cross-sectional study comprising 324 married women was conducted. Online convenience sampling was used to collect data. SPSS PROCESS macro was used for the mediation analysis. The direct and indirect effects of the fear of COVID-19 on sexual QoL and marital satisfaction were estimated comprising a 95% CI using 5000 bootstrap samples. Pairwise comparisons between the mediators were calculated by Hayes’ macros. Results: A positive/negative or suspected history of COVID-19 infection had marginally significant relationship with marital satisfaction (p=0.049). The total effect of fear of COVID-19 on sexual QoL was significant (b=−1.31, SE=0.20, p<0.001). Fear of COVID-19 had no significant direct effect on sexual QoL (b=−0.22, SE=0.19, p=0.24) but it had an indirect effect on sexual QoL via mediation of psychological distress (b=−0.34, SE=0.09, 95% CI: −0.53 to −0.19) and domestic violence (b=−0.75, SE=0.18, 95% CI: −1.12 to −0.40). The total effect of fear of COVID-19 on marital satisfaction was significant (b=−1.91, SE=0.32, p<0.001). Fear of COVID-19 had no significant direct effect (b=0.20, SE=0.25, p=0.42) on marital satisfaction but it had an indirect effect on marital satisfaction via mediation of psychological distress (b=−0.59, SE=0.13, 95% CI: −0.86 to −0.36) and domestic violence (b=−1.51, SE=0.29, 95% CI: −2.08 to −0.92). Conclusion: The fear of COVID-19 during the pandemic indirectly decreased women’s marital satisfaction and sexual QoL via increased psychological distress and domestic violence. Consequently, in critical situations such as the COVID-19 pandemic, improving couples’ psychological health and reducing domestic violence are likely to improve women’s sexual QoL and marital satisfaction

Ultrahigh-Field Hole Cyclotron Resonance Absorption in InMnAs Films

We have carried out an ultrahigh-field cyclotron resonance study of p-type In1-xMnxAs films, with Mn composition x ranging from 0% to 2.5%, grown on GaAs by low-temperature molecular-beam epitaxy. Pulsed magnetic fields up to 500 T were used to make cyclotron resonance observable in these low-mobility samples. The clear observation of hole cyclotron resonance is direct evidence of the existence of a large number of itinerant, effective-mass-type holes rather than localized d-like holes. It further suggests that the p-d exchange mechanism is more favorable than the double exchange mechanism in this narrow gap InAs-based dilute magnetic semiconductor. In addition to the fundamental heavy-hole and light-hole cyclotron resonance absorption appearing near the high-magnetic-field quantum limit, we observed many inter-Landau-level absorption bands whose transition probabilities are stronglydependent on the sense of circular polarization of the incident light.Comment: 8 pages, 10 Postscript figure

An equivalent model of a nonlinear bolted flange joint

The dynamic response of individual components in an assembled structure shows high accuracy compared to experimental measurements of the system response. However, when it comes to assemblies, the conventional linear approaches fail to deliver good accuracy, due to the uncertain linear and nonlinear mechanisms in the contact interface of the joints. Therefore, the inherent dynamics of the contact interfaces needs to be considered in modeling assembled structures. In this paper the prediction of the nonlinear dynamic response in a bolted flange joint was obtained in two ways. First, a 3D detailed finite element model capable of representing the micro-slip mechanism was made using a quasi-static time stepping analysis. The linear characteristics and nonlinear mechanisms developing in the contact interface of a bolted joint are investigated by using the 3D detailed model. Moreover, the natural frequencies of the assembled structure (representing the linear response) and the micro-slip behavior in terms of hysteresis loops (representing the nonlinear response) are obtained using the detailed model. Second, an equivalent model composed of beam elements and an appropriate joint model is then constructed for the assembled structure. An identification approach is proposed, and the parameters of the joint model are identified using both linear and nonlinear characteristics, i.e. natural frequencies and hysteresis loops. Comparing the hysteresis loops obtained from the detailed and equivalent models verifies the accuracy of the joint model used to represent the contact interface and the identification approach proposed for parameter quantification

Investigation on the potential use of aquatic plants for biomonitoring of the important aquatic ecosystems of the country-the first phase: Anzali wetland

This research project was conducted during 2007-2008 in Anzali wetland, aiming feasibility study on aquatic plants different species (emerged, sub emerged and floating leaved plants) as essential and non essential elements concentration Biological indicators utilization including Ni, B, Cd, Pb, Cu, Mo, Se, Si, Cl, Zn, Mn, Fe, Na, Mg and Ca. and their tolerance and capabilities assessment toward exposing different elements and study on water and sediments rational role in elements absorption and important environmental factors (DO, pH, etc…) effects on absorbed quantities. Azolla filiculoides, Hydrocotyle vulgaris, Ceratophyllum demersum,Trapa natans were the gathered aquatic plants field samples. Water and sediment samples were also collected from Shijan, Abkenar and Siahkeshim sampling sites respecting 1, 2 and 3 and were digested according to the standard methods. Element concentrations were determined using ICP-AES and AAS. Lab samples were Hydrocotyle , Lemna , Ceratophyllum and exposed to Ni, Zn, Cd, Pb, Cu and Ca in Swedish standard, (SIS), Lemna growth Medium 648, Hogland's E+Medium (22,23) implementation. The results shows a significant variation (p≤ 0/0001) among the plants, sampling sites and the elements which is compatible with previous similar projects results at national and international scales, rationally. Totally pattern of the elements occurrence in the plants would be: Cd 1>3 and this is 1>2>3 for hazy and no trend for TOM variations. The lab samples test results on metal concentration illustrates Hydrocotyle and Ceratophyllum similar trends for maximum Zn and minimum Pb absorbing. However, for Lemna the highest and least absorption rates belong to Ni and Cd. Density factor sequence in heavy metals exposed lab samples would be: Lemna > Hydrocotyle > Ceratophyllum

Physico-chemical parameters and aquatic investigation in Tajan River and identification of effects on destroytion its

This project was carried out for one year in 1994-1995. Tajan River originated from Alborz Mountain and passes from sari city, and then entered into Caspian Sea. In this study 14 physical and chemical factors surveyed. This survey demonstrated that water quality in milk factory and kilka factory was more than standard. With utilization of water in agriculture period and dry of river, caused to increasing of chloride, total hardness, Ca^++, Mg^++ in estuary. This issue obtained to mixture of fresh water and saline water in estuary. In the survey of the river phytoplankton, 92 species identified that belong to 41 genus and five phyla. The Chrysophyta has more variation and density. Zoo plankton of river included in Protozoa, Rotaria, Cladocera and Copepoda, also the meroplankton such as Lamellibanchiate and Cirripedia observed. The high species variation is relative to protozoa but copepoda has high density and biomass. The five classes of zoobenthos observed in Tajan river such as Bivalvia, Crustacea, Arachnoids, Oligochaeta and insecta. The insecta class has six order and 22 families that Diptera order from insecta class has high variation. The river fishes are belonging to 23 species, 18 genus and eight families. The highest variation observed in station 4 in estuary that 17 species identified in this area. Ths seasonal stations situated in tributary river, station 5 (Zarem rood) has high variation and station 7 (Khormabad river) has important for salmo truta fario habitat

The study of diversity, distribution and abundance of zooplankton in the southern of Caspian Sea

This survey was carried out in 8 lines of southern area of Caspian sea consisting of Astara, Anzali, Sefid roud, Tonekabon, Noshahr, Babolsar, Amirabad and Torkman in depths of 5, 10, 20, 50 and 100m in 4 seasons (spring, summer, autumn and winter) of the year 2008. The goal of this survey was identification of different species, distribution, density and Biomass of the zooplankton community in different regions and also their frequency in the different layers and depths and the population fluctuations in whole of year. The most abundance and biomass of the zooplanktons were 28005±24212 ind./m^3 and 180.58±149.03 mg/m^3 in 5 min spring and they were reduced gradually to depths. Copepoda comprised between 9 to 16 percent, Rotatoria comprised between 5 to 13 percent and Lamellibranchiata larvae comprised between 27 to 70 percent of marin zooplanktons. The most abundance and biomass were 11746±7921 ind./m^3 and 47.07±31.96 mg/m3, 5281±5521 ind./m^3 and 29.03±31.68 mg/m^3 in 5m of summer and autumn seasons, respectively. Copepoda comprised more than 95 percent of marine zooplanktons in all of depths in these seasons. The most abundance and biomass were 19030±16518 ind./m^3 and 198.99±217.23 mg/m3 in 5 m in winter. Copepoda comprised between 17 to 49 percent and Rotatoria comprised between 32 to 70 percent of marine zooplanktons in all of depths and the abundance of other groups was not considerable in zooplankton community