EFFECT OF HOME VIDIT AND HOSPITAL TEADMISSION

Background: Second half of 20th century is named as child age, because the improvement of society depends on the child growth and development. Child abuse includes many bizzar behaviors such as bodily punishment, sexual and emotional abuse. Abuse can be physical, emotional and educational neglect, which has profound effect on child's health, growth and development. Objective: To determine the incidence and the severity of different kind of child abuse and neglect and some of its' disposing factors. Design: This was a descriptive study using questionnaire to determine demographic data, environmental and economical factors in relation to child abuse and its' disposing factors. . Samples : 368 parents selected randomly. Results: Result showed that were 81.1% physical abuse 91% emotional abuse, 77.8% emotional neglect, 75.8% physical neglect and 20.6% educational neglect among the children of the study group. Conclusion: Results of this study showed a high incidence of different forms of child abuse. This data needs special concern

90th percentile of body mass index (BMI) and some obesity risk factors among 7-12 years old school children, Chaharmahal & Bakhtiary, 2002

چاقی رایج ترین مشکل تغذیه ای جهان صنعتی به شمار می رود که می تواند اثرات منفی روانی و فیزیکی بر کودک داشته باشد. این مطالعه با هدف تعیین صدک نودم و برخی فاکتورهای خطر آفرین چاقی در کودکان دبستانی استان چهارمحال و بختیاری انجام شده است. پژوهش حاضر مطالعه ای دو مرحله ای بود که مرحله اول آن یک مطالعه مقطعی گروهی و مرحله دوم آن مورد- شاهدی است. در مرحله اول با استفاده از قد و وزن 2772 دانش آموزان دختر و پسر، صدک نودم BMI (Body Mass Index) به دست آمد. در مرحله دوم از 188 کودک چاق و 282 کودک لاغر به عنوان گروه های مورد و شاهد، پرسشنامه فاکتورهای خطر آفرین تکمیل گردید. سپس اطلاعات مورد تجزیه و تحلیل آماری قرار گرفت. نتایج مطالعه نشان داد که کودکان دارای 26/18 BMI< به عنوان غیر چاق محسوب می گردند. هم چنین شیوع چاقی در زمان مطالعه 9/9 بودو فاکتورهایی نظیر وجود چاقی در والدین و بستگان درجه یک، مصرف برخی مواد غذایی، میانگین وزن زمان تولد (فقط در میان دختران) با میزان چاقی کودک ارتباط معنی دار داشت ولی میزان فعالیت، وضعیت اقتصادی - اجتماعی خانواده، سطح تحصیلات والدین ابتلا به بیماری ها با میزان چاقی کودک ارتباط معنی داری نداشت. با توجه به نتایج به دست آمده در این پژوهش به نظر می رسد با تشویق والدین به حذف این فاکتورهای خطر آفرین می توان از چاقی کودکان پیشگیری نمود و بدینوسیله سلامت آنان را در بزرگسالی بیمه کرد

Patch-based convolutional neural network for differentiation of cyst from solid renal mass on contrast-enhanced computed tomography images

Automated classification of renal masses detected at computed tomography (CT) examinations into benign cyst versus solid mass is clinically valuable. This distinction may be challenging at single-phase contrast-enhanced CE-CT examinations, where cysts may simulate solid masses and where renal masses are most commonly incidentally detected. This may lead to unnecessary and costly follow-up imaging for accurate characterization. In this paper, we describe a patch-based CNN method to differentiate benign cysts from solid renal masses using single-phase CECT images. The predictions of the network for patches extracted from a manually segmented lesion are combined through the majority voting system for final diagnosis. We used a dataset comprised of single-phase CECT images of 315 patients with 77 benign (oncocytomas, and fat poor renal angiomyolipoma) and 238 malignant (renal cell carcinoma including clear cell, papillary, and chromophobe subtypes) tumors. We trained our proposed network using patches extracted and artificially augmented from 40 CECT scans. The presented algorithm was evaluated using 275 unseen CECT test images consisting of 327 renal masses by comparing algorithm-generated labels to those labeled by experts and achieved mean accuracy, precision, and recall of 88.96%, 95.64%, and 91.64%. Our method yielded accuracy of 91.21% ± 25.88% as mean ± standard deviation at the patient level. The AUC was reported as 0.804. The results indicate that our algorithm may accurately characterize benign cysts from solid masses with a high degree of accuracy and may be clinically valuable to prevent unnecessary imaging follow-up for characterization in a proportion of patients

Exosome-mediated Delivery of RNA Interference and miRNA Mimic

Exosomes, membranous nanovesicles, naturally carry bio-macromolecules and play pivotal roles in both physiological intercellular crosstalk and disease pathogenesis. Here, we showed that B cell-derived exosomes can function as vehicles to deliver exogenous miRNA-155 mimic or inhibitor into hepatocytes or macrophages, respectively. Stimulation of B cells significantly increased exosome production. Unlike in parental cells, baseline level of miRNA-155 was very low in exosomes derived from stimulated B cells. Exosomes loaded with a miRNA-155 mimic significantly increased miRNA-155 levels in primary mouse hepatocytes and the liver of miRNA-155 knockout mice. Treatment of RAW macrophages with miRNA-155 inhibitor loaded exosomes resulted in statistically significant reduction in LPS-induced TNFα production and partially prevented LPS-induced decrease in SOCS1 mRNA levels. Furthermore, exosome-mediated miRNA-155 inhibitor delivery resulted in functionally more efficient inhibition and less cellular toxicity compared to conventional transfection methods. Similar approaches could be useful in modification of target biomolecules in vitro and in vivo

Hard-wall Potential Function for Transport Properties of Alkali Metals Vapor

This study demonstrates that the transport properties of alkali metals are determined principally by the repulsive wall of the pair interaction potential function. The (hard-wall) Lennard-Jones(15-6) effective pair potential function is used to calculate transport collision integrals. Accordingly, reduced collision integrals of K, Rb, and Cs metal vapors are obtained from Chapman-Enskog solution of the Boltzman equation. The law of corresponding states based on the experimental-transport reduced collision integral is used to verify the validity of a LJ(15-6) hybrid potential in describing the transport properties. LJ(8.5-4) potential function and a simple thermodynamic argument with the input PVT data of liquid metals provide the required molecular potential parameters. Values of the predicted viscosity of monatomic alkali metals vapor are in agreement with typical experimental data with the average absolute deviation 2.97% for K in the range 700-1500 K, 1.69% for Rb, and 1.75% for Cs in the range 700-2000 K. In the same way, the values of predicted thermal conductivity are in agreement with experiment within 2.78%, 3.25%, and 3.63% for K, Rb, and Cs, respectively. The LJ(15-6) hybrid potential with a hard-wall repulsion character conclusively predicts best transport properties of the three alkali metals vapor.Comment: 21 pages, 5 figures, 41 reference

Exosomes from hepatitis C infected patients transmit HCV infection and contain replication competent viral RNA in complex with Ago2-miR122-HSP90

Antibodies targeting receptor-mediated entry of HCV into hepatocytes confer limited therapeutic benefits. Evidence suggests that exosomes can transfer genetic materials between cells; however, their role in HCV infection remains obscure. Here, we show that exosomes isolated from sera of chronic HCV infected patients or supernatants of J6/JFH1-HCV-infected Huh7.5 cells contained HCV RNA. These exosomes could mediate viral receptor-independent transmission of HCV to hepatocytes. Negative sense HCV RNA, indicative of replication competent viral RNA, was present in exosomes of all HCV infected treatment non-responders and some treatment-naive individuals. Remarkably, HCV RNA was associated with Ago2, HSP90 and miR-122 in exosomes isolated from HCV-infected individuals or HCV-infected Huh7.5 cell supernatants. Exosome-loading with a miR-122 inhibitor, or inhibition of HSP90, vacuolar H+-ATPases, and proton pumps, significantly suppressed exosome-mediated HCV transmission to naive cells. Our findings provide mechanistic evidence for HCV transmission by blood-derived exosomes and highlight potential therapeutic strategies

Effect of initiation time of oral hydration on the return of bowel function and woman's satisfaction after elective caesarean section in primiparous women

Background and Objective: Abdominal operations as gynaecological procedures result in gastrointestinal dysmotility. Early feeding and ambulation are nonpharmacologic interventions which can be useful in re-initiation of bowel function. This study was done to evaluate the effect of early oral hydration on the return of bowel function and woman's satisfaction after elective caesarean section in primiparous women. Materials and Methods: In this randomized clinical trial, 120 primiparous women undergone elective cesarean section were assigned to control and intervention groups in Hajar hospital, Shahrekord, Iran during 2007. In the interventional group, oral hydration with liquids was started 4 hours after surgery regardless of presence of bowel sounds and solid food was started after bowel sounds appeared. The control group recieved liquid diet 12 hours after the operation if it was tolerated, they were given soft diet and regular food at the next meal. The return of bowel activity, time of ambulating, satisfaction, discharge from the hospital and complications were compared in two groups. The data were analyzed using SPSS-15, Chi-Square, T and one way ANOVA tests. Results: The mean postoperative time interval to first hearing of normal intestinal sounds in interventional versus control groups were (9.5±1.38 and 12.5±2.5 hours) the first passage of flatus (15.7±3.61 vs.22.4±4.1 hours), time to first sensation of bowel movement (10.8±1.99 versus 15.7±3.4 hours) and defecation (18.9±3.65 versus 23.4±4.85 hours). These differences were significant (P<0.05). Also discharge from the hospital (0.96±0.18 versus 1.1±34 days) were significantly shorter in interventional group (P<0.05). The women in the early feeding group got out of bed (patient mobilisation) earlier than their interventional group (14.1 hours versus 18.8 hours (P<0.05). Maternal satisfaction was significantly higher among the early fed women (P<0.05). Conclusion: Early oral hydration after elective cesarean section associated with rapid resumption of intestinal motility and increased woman’s satisfaction

Variable order porous media equations: Application on modeling the S&P500 and Bitcoin price return

This article reveals a specific category of solutions for the $1+1$ Variable Order (VO) nonlinear fractional Fokker-Planck equations. These solutions are formulated using VO $q$-Gaussian functions, granting them significant versatility in their application to various real-world systems, such as financial economy areas spanning from conventional stock markets to cryptocurrencies. The VO $q$-Gaussian functions provide a more robust expression for the distribution function of price returns in real-world systems. Additionally, we analyzed the temporal evolution of the anomalous characteristic exponents derived from our study, which are associated with the long-range memory in time series data and autocorrelation patterns.Comment: 15 Pages, 3 Figures. Submitted to Physical Review

Psychometric Properties of the Persian Version of Death Attitude Profile

Introduction: The type of human attitude toward death, as an unavoidable event, can affect the human approach to the themes of the worldly life and the afterlife. This study aimed to identify the factor structure of Persian version of Death Attitude Profile. Methods: In this descriptive survey research, 444 students of Jamia al-Zahra Seminary and Khomein Azad University, were selected by convenient sampling method. They responded to Persian version of the Death Attitude Profile. Results: Analysis of the findings indicated the Persian version of this profile, while deleting some items, supports the same 5-factor structure of the original form. Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0.79 in the research sample. Conclusion: The obtained psychometric properties indicated the validity and reliability of this scale in Iranian society. Therefore, It can be used to measure the attitudinal properties of individuals to death. Declaration of Interest: None