Synthesis, Characterization, and Utilization of Iron II Ion Sensing Fluorescent Probes for Detection of Early Onset Anodic Corrosion

Corrosion effects can be seen in infrastructure all around the world. From rusted bridges, ships, and other steel surfaces, the price of corrosion adds up quickly with repairs, maintenance, and complete replacement. Common approaches to corrosion detection and prevention require slow, optical inspection to begin the repair and maintenance process, which can also be very slow and costly. However, recent literature suggests that metal chelating probes can yield new understanding of the processes of corrosion faster and with greater specificity in location and diversity in mechanisms for early onset of corrosion. Earlier corrosion detection can be characterized by several ways. One method, fluorescence, is a tool used to detect, quantify and observe corrosion. The work provided in this document focuses specifically on a pyrene-TEMPO species that becomes fluorescent by the donation of electrons from metal ions (namely iron II) that are generated at anodic sites in the corrosion process. By observing these events, we will be able to qualitatively detect the early onset of corrosion and potentially quantitatively monitor early corrosion, which would allow for improved timing for maintenance and repairs and less costly repair processes for coated steel substrates. Herein, we report the synthesis, characterization, and utilization of the pyrene-TEMPO species in the solution state, solvated resin state, and final glassy matrix coated state. We report the effect of these three solution and polymer physical states on fluorescence intensity as well as emission wavelengths with and without Fe2+

What Role is Neuroscience Playing in New State Raise-the-Age Laws?

Several states have cited neuroscientific evidence to help justify new raise-the-age laws that raise the age at which offenders can be tried as adults. Neuroscience shows that adolescent brains continue to mature well into their 20s. How much influence neuroscience should have in determining legal policy, however, remains contested among experts. https://theartofscienceme.wordpress.com/2019/01/05/what-role-is-neuroscience-playing-in-new-state-raise-the-age-laws

Prostaglandins and Kidney Function: A Comparison Between the Cortical and Inner Medullary Collecting Duct on Prostaglandin Production

Prostaglandins are paracrine and autocrine signaling molecules that play important roles through various physiological and pathophysiological functions in the human body including the inflammatory response, control of blood pressure, and water and salt homeostasis in the kidney. Prostaglandins have been shown to have great influence on kidney function. In particular, prostaglandin E2 influences the function of the collecting duct, primarily decreasing vasopressin-stimulated collecting duct water permeability. The aim of this study was to see how various treatments to cells, as well as different growth times, impacted prostaglandin production between two different collecting duct cell lines, one arising from the cortical collecting duct and the other arising from the inner medullary collecting duct. This was accomplished by growing and culturing the cells on 6-well plates, collecting the cell media and measuring prostaglandin accumulation via Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits. Results showed that longer growth times decreased prostaglandin E2 and F2α accumulation in both cell lines. The effect of dDAVP, a vasopressin analog, increased prostaglandin accumulation in the inner medullary collecting duct cells, and increased PGF2α while having virtually no effect on PGE2 in the cortical collecting duct cells. The addition of a cyclooxygenase-1 and cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor significantly decreased prostaglandin accumulation in both cell lines. Finally, changing the osmolarity of the media by adding sodium chloride (NaCl) increased prostaglandin accumulation in both cell lines. Prostaglandin synthesis has relevant clinical implications, as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, a common over-the-counter group of pain medications, inhibit cyclooxygenase, an enzyme involved in the biosynthesis of prostaglandins

Analisis Pengaruh Biaya Promosi terhadap Nilai Penjualan Produk pada UD. Kopi Bali Banyuatis, Singaraja

Promotion is an activity undertaken various companies to communicate product advantages and persuade target customers to buy the product. Integration of a new integrated campaign using instruments to increase sales value and importance must be done in the form of an integrated process which is often called integrated marketing communications or integrated marketing communications (IMC), which includes the coordination of the various promotional elements and other marketing activities. Therefore, this study was designed to determine the role of promotion (promotion mix), which consists of the cost of advertising, sales promotion expenses, and the cost of public relations and news in influencing product sales value at UD. Kopi Bali Banyuatis Singaraja. The data used in this study is the cost of advertising, promotional costs, and the cost of public relations and news from the year 2007 to 2011. The data analysis technique used is multiple linear regression with SPSS version 17.0. The results showed simultaneous promotion mix variables have a positive and significant impact on the value of sales to the value of 0.001 p-value less than 0.05 level of significant and Fhitung value of 6.814 is greater than 2.769 Ftabel with determination coefficient 0.228 or 22.8 %. Partially, of the three variables promotional mix shows the cost of advertising and promotion costs are not significantly affected, while the public relations and news variables showed significant results. Most dominant variable affecting the value of sales is the cost of public relations and reporting the value of the standardized beta coefficient for 0412

Free space-coupled superconducting nanowire single photon detectors for infrared optical communications

This paper describes the construction of a cryostat and an optical system with a free-space coupling efficiency of 56.5% +/- 3.4% to a superconducting nanowire single-photon detector (SNSPD) for infrared quantum communication and spectrum analysis. A 1K pot decreases the base temperature to T = 1.7 K from the 2.9 K reached by the cold head cooled by a pulse-tube cryocooler. The minimum spot size coupled to the detector chip was 6.6 +/- 0.11 {\mu}m starting from a fiber source at wavelength, {\lambda} = 1.55 {\mu}m. We demonstrated efficient photon counting on a detector with an 8 x 7.3 {\mu}m^2 area. We measured a dark count rate of 95 +/- 3.35 kcps and a system detection efficiency of 1.64% +/- 0.13%. We explain the key steps that are required to further improve the coupling efficiency.Comment: 16 pages, double-space