Lower Limits on the Strengths of Gamma Ray Lines from WIMP Dark Matter Annihilation

We study the spectra of gamma ray signals that arise from dark matter annihilation in the universe. We focus on the large class of theories where the photon spectrum includes both continuum spectrum of gamma rays that arise from annihilation into Standard Model states at tree level, as well as monochromatic gamma rays arising from annihilation directly into two photons at the one loop level. In this class of theories we obtain lower bounds on the ratio of the strength of the gamma ray line relative to the gamma ray continuum as a function of the dark matter mass and spin. These limits are obtained from the unitarity relation between the tree level amplitude of the primary annihilation channel and the imaginary part of the loop level amplitude for annihilation directly into photons, with the primary decay products running in the loop. These results are exact in the limit that dark matter annihilation is exclusively to a single Standard Model species, occurs through the lowest partial wave and respects CP. Away from this limit the bounds are approximate. Our conclusions agree with the known results in the literature in the case of the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM). We use the Fermi-LAT observations to translate these limits into upper bounds on the dark matter annihilation cross section into any specific Standard Model state.Comment: 11 pages, 3 figures, 1 table ;v2: 14 pages, 6 figures, 2 tables, added discussion of effects of the continuum spectrum in the neighborhood of the line, matches version in PR

On bulk singularities in the random normal matrix model

We extend the method of rescaled Ward identities of Ameur-Kang-Makarov to study the distribution of eigenvalues close to a bulk singularity, i.e. a point in the interior of the droplet where the density of the classical equilibrium measure vanishes. We prove results to the effect that a certain "dominant part" of the Taylor expansion determines the microscopic properties near a bulk singularity. A description of the distribution is given in terms of a special entire function, which depends on the nature of the singularity (a Mittag-Leffler function in the case of a rotationally symmetric singularity).Comment: This version clarifies on the proof of Theorem

Improvement of the Wastewater Biodegradability by Means of Photocatalytic and Wet Oxidation Processes in the Presence of Hydrogen Peroxide

In this study, the effectiveness of photocatalytic oxidation (PO) and wet oxidation (WO) processes as a pre-treatment step on improvement of biodegradability and colour removal of mixture of raw domestic and pre-treated industrial wastewaters, have been evaluated. More oxygen was obtained by H2O2 (as an oxidant in WO and PO processes) than stoichiometric demand. PO of the wastewater was carried out by illumination of the wastewater with UV lamp (at room temperature, atmospheric pressure, 16.5 h reaction time) and WO of the wastewater was carried out by means of thermal oxidation at autoclave conditions (at 118–120 oC, 1.9–2 bar, 3 h reaction time). 1 g L–1 TiO2 in PO process and 0.2 mg L–1 Cu++ in WO process were used as catalyst. The results obtained from experiments were not compared with each other due to the difference between the quality and quantity of the used catalyst and the consumed energy. Colour removal efficiency was 33 % for WO process and 77.6 % for PO process. By applying WO process, 72.7 % increase in the reaction rate coefficient describing the degradability of organic compounds in wastewater was obtained, but this value was 34.5 % in PO process

High intensity luminescence from pulsed laser annealed europium implanted sapphire

Sapphire samples (Al2O3) were implanted with 400-keV ions at a dose of 1×1016 ions cm-2. A comparison was made between furnace annealing and pulsed laser annealing of the implanted samples. Furnace annealing to 1200°C, followed by excimer laser anneals, resulted in an increase of the cathodoluminescence emission intensity of the implanted europium by a factor of ∼20. This enhanced intensity is ∼50 times that of the signal prior to any form annealing treatment. It is proposed that the laser anneals dissociate Eu related clusters. The Eu 622-nm lifetime reached 1.53 ms compared with an original postimplant value of 0.14 ms. © 1994 American Institue of Physics.Peer Reviewe

A note on accelerating cosmologies from compactifications and S-branes

We give a simple interpretation of the recent solutions for cosmologies with a transient accelerating phase obtained from compactification in hyperbolic manifolds, or from S-brane solutions of string/M-theory. In the four-dimensional picture, these solutions correspond to bouncing the radion field off its exponential potential. Acceleration occurs at the turning point, when the radion stops and the potential energy momentarily dominates. The virtues and limitations of these approaches become quite transparent in this interpretation.Comment: 9 pages, 1 figure. References adde

Unique Transcriptional Profile of Sustained Ligand-Activated Preconditioning in Pre- and Post-Ischemic Myocardium

BACKGROUND: Opioidergic SLP (sustained ligand-activated preconditioning) induced by 3–5 days of opioid receptor (OR) agonism induces persistent protection against ischemia-reperfusion (I-R) injury in young and aged hearts, and is mechanistically distinct from conventional preconditioning responses. We thus applied unbiased gene-array interrogation to identify molecular effects of SLP in pre- and post-ischemic myocardium. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Male C57Bl/6 mice were implanted with 75 mg morphine or placebo pellets for 5 days. Resultant SLP did not modify cardiac function, and markedly reduced dysfunction and injury in perfused hearts subjected to 25 min ischemia/45 min reperfusion. Microarray analysis identified 14 up- and 86 down-regulated genes in normoxic hearts from SLP mice (≥1.3-fold change, FDR≤5%). Induced genes encoded sarcomeric/contractile proteins (Myh7, Mybpc3,Myom2,Des), natriuretic peptides (Nppa,Nppb) and stress-signaling elements (Csda,Ptgds). Highly repressed genes primarily encoded chemokines (Ccl2,Ccl4,Ccl7,Ccl9,Ccl13,Ccl3l3,Cxcl3), cytokines (Il1b,Il6,Tnf) and other proteins involved in inflammation/immunity (C3,Cd74,Cd83, Cd86,Hla-dbq1,Hla-drb1,Saa1,Selp,Serpina3), together with endoplasmic stress proteins (known: Dnajb1,Herpud1,Socs3; putative: Il6, Gadd45g,Rcan1) and transcriptional controllers (Egr2,Egr3, Fos,Hmox1,Nfkbid). Biological themes modified thus related to inflammation/immunity, together with cellular/cardiovascular movement and development. SLP also modified the transcriptional response to I-R (46 genes uniquely altered post-ischemia), which may influence later infarction/remodeling. This included up-regulated determinants of cellular resistance to oxidant (Mgst3,Gstm1,Gstm2) and other forms of stress (Xirp1,Ankrd1,Clu), and repression of stress-response genes (Hspa1a,Hspd1,Hsp90aa,Hsph1,Serpinh1) and Txnip. CONCLUSIONS: Protection via SLP is associated with transcriptional repression of inflammation/immunity, up-regulation of sarcomeric elements and natriuretic peptides, and modulation of cell stress, growth and development, while conventional protective molecules are unaltered

Probabilistic teleportation and entanglement matching

Teleportation may be taken as sending and extracting quantum information through quantum channels. In this report, it is shown that to get the maximal probability of exact teleportation through partially entangled quantum channels, the sender (Alice) need only to operate a measurement which satisfy an ``entanglement matching'' to this channel. An optimal strategy is also provided for the receiver (Bob) to extract the quantum information by adopting general evolutions.Comment: 3.5 pages, No figure

Histopathological image analysis : a review

Over the past decade, dramatic increases in computational power and improvement in image analysis algorithms have allowed the development of powerful computer-assisted analytical approaches to radiological data. With the recent advent of whole slide digital scanners, tissue histopathology slides can now be digitized and stored in digital image form. Consequently, digitized tissue histopathology has now become amenable to the application of computerized image analysis and machine learning techniques. Analogous to the role of computer-assisted diagnosis (CAD) algorithms in medical imaging to complement the opinion of a radiologist, CAD algorithms have begun to be developed for disease detection, diagnosis, and prognosis prediction to complement the opinion of the pathologist. In this paper, we review the recent state of the art CAD technology for digitized histopathology. This paper also briefly describes the development and application of novel image analysis technology for a few specific histopathology related problems being pursued in the United States and Europe

Bounds for state-dependent quantum cloning

Due to the no-cloning theorem, the unknown quantum state can only be cloned approximately or exactly with some probability. There are two types of cloners: universal and state-dependent cloner. The optimal universal cloner has been found and could be viewed as a special state-dependent quantum cloner which has no information about the states. In this paper, we investigate the state-dependent cloning when the state-set contains more than two states. We get some bounds of the global fidelity for these processes. This method is not dependent on the number of the states contained in the state-set. It is also independent of the numbers of copying.Comment: 13 pages, 1 figure, to appear in Phys. Rev.