La evaluación del aprendizaje de estudiantes: validación española del Assessment Experience Questionnaire (AEQ)

El propósito de esta investigación fue traducir al español y analizar las propiedades psicométricas del Assessment Experiences Questionnaire (AEQ) ya que no se dispone de un cuestionario en español que evalúe la experiencia de evaluación del aprendizaje de los estudiantes. Los participantes fueron 329 estudiantes universitarios. Los resultados del análisis de correlaciones y de la regresión lineal múltiple apoyaron la validez predictiva. El análisis factorial confirmatorio confirmó la estructura de nueve factores. Además, la consistencia interna fue aceptable y la correlación test-retest fue moderada. En conclusión, los resultados apoyan preliminarmente el uso de la versión española del AEQ.The aim of this study was the translation of the Assessment Experiences Questionnaire (AEQ) into Spanish, and the analysis of its psychometric proper- ties. We carried out this study because there is no questionnaire in Spanish which evaluates the experience of learning assessment. Participants were 329 university students. Results of the correlation analysis and the multiple linear regression supported the predictive validity of the questionnaire. The confirmatory factor analysis confirmed the nine-factor structure. In addition, internal consistency was acceptable, and the testretest correlation was moderate. In conclusion, the results support the use of the Spanish version of the AEQ as an instrument to assess the students' perception of the experience of learning assessment

Micro-morphologies, habitats and associated biodiversity in a fluid venting submarine structure using ROV underwater images: Mercator mud volcano (Gulf of Cádiz)

Mercator mud volcano has been explored by direct visual observations using a ROV at 350 to 370 m depth. Underwater images, taken mainly at the summit, have allowed characterizing the fluid venting environment, where different microforms, habitats and associated biota, with typical seepage components have been identified. Chemosynthetic bacterial communities were detected and sampled at the northeastern side of the summit at 350 m, next to pockmark-like depressions with diameters ranging 1 to 3 m, bioturbation marks, sediment mounds and authigenic carbonates of different sizes (0.1-5m length). Chemosynthesis-based communities were mainly composed by bacterial mats (patch diameter 10-30 cm), however some remains of cold seep chemosymbiotic bivalves (Lucinoma asapheus) were also found on the sediment. Habitat types at Mercator MV are influenced by oceanographic and sedimentation processes deposition and favouring fauna colonizing diverse substrate types, such as large sponges on slabs and sea-pens and annelids on soft bottoms

Estimation of neutron-equivalent dose in organs of patients undergoing radiotherapy by the use of a novel online digital detector.

Neutron peripheral contamination in patients undergoing high-energy photon radiotherapy is considered as a risk factor for secondary cancer induction. Organ-specific neutron-equivalent dose estimation is therefore essential for a reasonable assessment of these associated risks. This work aimed to develop a method to estimate neutron-equivalent doses in multiple organs of radiotherapy patients. The method involved the convolution, at 16 reference points in an anthropomorphic phantom, of the normalized Monte Carlo neutron fluence energy spectra with the kerma and energy-dependent radiation weighting factor. This was then scaled with the total neutron fluence measured with passive detectors, at the same reference points, in order to obtain the equivalent doses in organs. The latter were correlated with the readings of a neutron digital detector located inside the treatment room during phantom irradiation. This digital detector, designed and developed by our group, integrates the thermal neutron fluence. The correlation model, applied to the digital detector readings during patient irradiation, enables the online estimation of neutron-equivalent doses in organs. The model takes into account the specific irradiation site, the field parameters (energy, field size, angle incidence, etc) and the installation (linac and bunker geometry). This method, which is suitable for routine clinical use, will help to systematically generate the dosimetric data essential for the improvement of current risk-estimation models

Epidemiological trends of HIV/HCV coinfection in Spain, 2015-2019

Altres ajuts: Spanish AIDS Research Network; European Funding for Regional Development (FEDER).Objectives: We assessed the prevalence of anti-hepatitis C virus (HCV) antibodies and active HCV infection (HCV-RNA-positive) in people living with HIV (PLWH) in Spain in 2019 and compared the results with those of four similar studies performed during 2015-2018. Methods: The study was performed in 41 centres. Sample size was estimated for an accuracy of 1%. Patients were selected by random sampling with proportional allocation. Results: The reference population comprised 41 973 PLWH, and the sample size was 1325. HCV serostatus was known in 1316 PLWH (99.3%), of whom 376 (28.6%) were HCV antibody (Ab)-positive (78.7% were prior injection drug users); 29 were HCV-RNA-positive (2.2%). Of the 29 HCV-RNA-positive PLWH, infection was chronic in 24, it was acute/recent in one, and it was of unknown duration in four. Cirrhosis was present in 71 (5.4%) PLWH overall, three (10.3%) HCV-RNA-positive patients and 68 (23.4%) of those who cleared HCV after anti-HCV therapy (p = 0.04). The prevalence of anti-HCV antibodies decreased steadily from 37.7% in 2015 to 28.6% in 2019 (p < 0.001); the prevalence of active HCV infection decreased from 22.1% in 2015 to 2.2% in 2019 (p < 0.001). Uptake of anti-HCV treatment increased from 53.9% in 2015 to 95.0% in 2019 (p < 0.001). Conclusions: In Spain, the prevalence of active HCV infection among PLWH at the end of 2019 was 2.2%, i.e. 90.0% lower than in 2015. Increased exposure to DAAs was probably the main reason for this sharp reduction. Despite the high coverage of treatment with direct-acting antiviral agents, HCV-related cirrhosis remains significant in this population

The European Solar Telescope

The European Solar Telescope (EST) is a project aimed at studying the magnetic connectivity of the solar atmosphere, from the deep photosphere to the upper chromosphere. Its design combines the knowledge and expertise gathered by the European solar physics community during the construction and operation of state-of-the-art solar telescopes operating in visible and near-infrared wavelengths: the Swedish 1m Solar Telescope, the German Vacuum Tower Telescope and GREGOR, the French Télescope Héliographique pour l'Étude du Magnétisme et des Instabilités Solaires, and the Dutch Open Telescope. With its 4.2 m primary mirror and an open configuration, EST will become the most powerful European ground-based facility to study the Sun in the coming decades in the visible and near-infrared bands. EST uses the most innovative technological advances: the first adaptive secondary mirror ever used in a solar telescope, a complex multi-conjugate adaptive optics with deformable mirrors that form part of the optical design in a natural way, a polarimetrically compensated telescope design that eliminates the complex temporal variation and wavelength dependence of the telescope Mueller matrix, and an instrument suite containing several (etalon-based) tunable imaging spectropolarimeters and several integral field unit spectropolarimeters. This publication summarises some fundamental science questions that can be addressed with the telescope, together with a complete description of its major subsystems

La evaluación del aprendizaje de estudiantes: validación española del Assessment Experience Questionnaire (AEQ)

El propósito de esta investigación fue traducir al español y analizar las propiedades psicométricas del Assessment Experiences Questionnaire (AEQ) ya que no se dispone de un cuestionario en español que evalúe la experiencia de evaluación del aprendizaje de los estudiantes. Los participantes fueron 329 estudiantes universitarios. Los resultados del análisis de correlaciones y de la regresión lineal múltiple apoyaron la validez predictiva. El análisis factorial confirmatorio confirmó la estructura de nueve factores. Además, la consistencia interna fue aceptable y la correlación test-retest fue moderada. En conclusión, los resultados apoyan preliminarmente el uso de la versión española del AEQ.The aim of this study was the translation of the Assessment Experiences Questionnaire (AEQ) into Spanish, and the analysis of its psychometric proper- ties. We carried out this study because there is no questionnaire in Spanish which evaluates the experience of learning assessment. Participants were 329 university students. Results of the correlation analysis and the multiple linear regression supported the predictive validity of the questionnaire. The confirmatory factor analysis confirmed the nine-factor structure. In addition, internal consistency was acceptable, and the testretest correlation was moderate. In conclusion, the results support the use of the Spanish version of the AEQ as an instrument to assess the students' perception of the experience of learning assessment

Maping seafloor features and benthic habitats in mud volcanoes of the Moroccan margin of the Gulf of Cádiz using ROV underwater images

In March 2014, the Spanish R/V Sarmiento de Gamboa equipped with the Portuguese multi-operational Remotely Operated Vehicle (ROV) "Luso 6000" explored and sampled five mud volcanoes of the Gulf of Cádiz during SUBVENT2 expedition. The explored mud volcanoes were Mercator, Yuma, Algacel, Mvseis and Madrid located offshore Moroccan Atlantic margin at water depths between 350 and 1650 meters. In addition, bathymetric data were acquired using the Atlas Hydrosweep DS multibeam echo-sounder and were processed with CARIS HIPS & SIPS yielding a bathymetric grid resolution of 15 m. The characterization of habitats and associated biota was based on high resolution videos and captured photographic material with MAGIX software as well as samples collected with the ROV. The observation was done during scanning the sea floor by TV camera at the altitude of 1-5 meters above the seafloor at low velocity of approximately 0.2-0.5m/s. Digital data analyses and their cartographical representation were performed with ArcMap 10.3.1 and Fledermaus. Underwater images allowed to characterize the occurrence of cold seeps with different seafloor micro-features, habitats and associated biota. Chemosynthetic bacterial communities, mainly occurring as bacterial mats (e.g., sulfate-oxidizing cf. Beggiatoa sp.), were detected, sampled and related to active bubbling seeps in pockmark-like depressions of different sizes. Sediment mounds and authigenic carbonates of different sizes (0.1-5 m length) were also detected in vent sites. Six different species of chemosymbiotic bivalves, including Lucinoma asapheus, Acharax gadirae, Solemya elarraichensis, Thyasira vulcoluatre, Isorropodon megadesmus and the deep water mussel Bathymodiulus mauritanicus displayed populations in the studied mud volcanoes. Hard bottoms with exhumated carbonate slabs seem to display a wider biodiversity and complexity, including large size sponges (e.g. Geodia, Phakellia), scleractinians (e.g. Caryophillia, Corallium, Madrepora), gorgonians (e.g. Bebryce, Chelidonisis) and antipatharians (e.g. Stichopathes) as well as different mobile associated species.. Habitat types of these mud volcanoes may be influenced by different oceanographic, sedimentation and venting processes resulting then in a broad biodiversity.SUBVENT project (CGL2012-39524-C02, MINECO, Spain), ATLAS project (EU, Horizon 2020) and EMEPC (Portugal

La función de archivo y la transparencia en España

El libro recoge las aportaciones de expertos y profesionales de archivo y documentación sobre el tema de la transparencia. La función archivo es esencial en la transparencia y el acceso a la información pública

Stratification of radiosensitive brain metastases based on an actionable S100A9/RAGE resistance mechanism

Whole-brain radiotherapy (WBRT) is the treatment backbone for many patients with brain metastasis; however, its efficacy in preventing disease progression and the associated toxicity have questioned the clinical impact of this approach and emphasized the need for alternative treatments. Given the limited therapeutic options available for these patients and the poor understand- ing of the molecular mechanisms underlying the resistance of metastatic lesions to WBRT, we sought to uncover actionable targets and biomarkers that could help to refine patient selection. Through an unbiased analysis of experimental in vivo models of brain metastasis resistant to WBRT, we identified activation of the S100A9–RAGE–NF-κB–JunB pathway in brain metastases as a potential mediator of resistance in this organ. Targeting this pathway genetically or pharmacologically was sufficient to revert the WBRT resistance and increase therapeutic benefits in vivo at lower doses of radiation. In patients with primary mela- noma, lung or breast adenocarcinoma developing brain metastasis, endogenous S100A9 levels in brain lesions correlated with clinical response to WBRT and underscored the potential of S100A9 levels in the blood as a noninvasive biomarker. Collectively, we provide a molecular framework to personalize WBRT and improve its efficacy through combination with a radiosensitizer that balances therapeutic benefit and toxicity