Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

Características químicas e físico-químicas de pequis da Chapada do Araripe, Ceará Chemical and physical-chemical characteristics in pequi from the Chapada do Araripe, Ceará, Brazil

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a qualidade do pequi. Para isso, frutos maduros colhidos de trinta e cinco pequizeiros (Cariocar coriaceum Wittm.) nativos, provenientes da Chapada do Araripe, Estado do Ceará, foram avaliados quanto as suas características químicas e físico-químicas. Na polpa do fruto, foram determinados pH, acidez total titulável (ATT), sólidos solúveis (°Brix), açúcares solúveis totais (AST), relação °Brix/acidez, atividade de água, proteína, carboidratos totais e valor energético total; na polpa e amêndoa, umidade, lipídios, cinzas e minerais (Ca, Mg, P, K, Cu, Fe, Mn, Na e Zn). As plantas apresentaram grande variabilidade para a maioria das características avaliadas. As maiores variabilidades foram observadas para a acidez, açúcares totais e proteína. Em relação aos minerais, a maior variabilidade foi observada para o cobre na polpa e sódio na amêndoa. A menor variabilidade foi detectada para a atividade de água, pH e umidade da polpa, em ordem crescente. Seis plantas destacaram- se por apresentarem percentagem de lipídios (polpa e amêndoa) superiores à média deste estudo. A composição em minerais variou entre as amostras (onze plantas), destacando-se, em termos quantitativos, o potássio na polpa e o fósforo na amêndoa. A amêndoa é mais rica em minerais do que a polpa. A polpa do pequi, face às características de baixa acidez, alto pH e alta atividade de água, apresenta-se propícia ao desenvolvimento de microrganismos patogênicos e à deterioração. Além disso, a presença de nutrientes, temperatura e a disponibilidade de oxigênio são fatores importantes que devem ser considerados durante o processamento e armazenamento por favorecerem a oxidação dos lipídios. Os resultados demonstram a importância nutricional do pequi, principalmente de sua amêndoa, pelo elevado teor de lipídios e minerais.The aim of this work was to evaluate the quality of "pequi" (Caryocar coriaceum Wittm.). Mature fruits from thirty five native pequi plants (Cariocar coriaceum Wittm.), grown in the Chapada do Araripe, State of Ceará were harvested and analyzed as to chemical and physical-chemical characteristics. Pulp content were evaluated for pH, acidity, soluble solids, total sugar, ratio °Brix/acidity, water activity, protein, total carbohydrate and total energy, the pulp and kernel moisture, fat, ash and minerals (Ca, Mg, P, K, Cu, Fe, Mn, Na and Zn). A high variability for these characteristics was observed among plants. The highest variability in the pulp samples was observed for total acidity (TTA), total sugars and protein, and the lowest for water activity, pH and moisture, in ascending order. For relation minerals, greater variability was observed for copper in the pulp and sodium in the kernel. Six plants stood out by presenting percentage of lipids (pulp and kernel), above the average in this study. Mineral composition varied among samples (eleven plants), high lighting K in the pulp and P in the kernel, in quantitative term. The kernel is richer in minerals than the pulp. The pequi pulp, due of low acidity, high pH and high water activity, is very attractive to the growth of pathogenic microorganisms and predisposed to decay. Moreover, the presence of nutrients, temperature and oxygen availability are important factors to be considered during processing and storage by favoring the lipids oxidation. The results demonstrate the nutritional importance of pequi, especially their kernel due its high lipids and minerals concentrations

O Protagonismo Infantojuvenil nos Processos Educomunicativos

Neste volume “O protagonismo infantojuvenil nos processos educomunicativos”, reunimos 53 artigos que transitam sobre a temática do protagonismo infantojuvenil em diversas experiências e processos educomunicativos e para facilitar sua leitura e busca por temas de seu interesse, eles estão organizados em 8 capítulos que abordam a educomunicação a partir do fazer das crianças e da apropriação da produção midiática. Expressão artística, rádio, vídeo, jornalismo, cultura digital, redes sociais entre outros são os temas abordados pelos autores destes trabalhos. convidamos o leitor a mergulhar nesta jornada educomunicativa, vivendo e revivendo junto conosco essas experiências vividas por outros, refletindo em cada texto sobre como estamos, como evoluímos e como seguimos os passos daqueles que com sua ousadia, amor e luta elaboraram os fundamentos da educomunicação