Oat Protein Concentrates with Improved Solubility Produced by an Enzyme-Aided Ultrafiltration Extraction Method

The aim of this study was to develop an extraction method to produce highly functional oat protein concentrates. We investigated the possibility of combining enzyme-aided slightly alkaline (pH 8.0) extraction with ultrafiltration and subsequent diafiltration for concentration of the extracted oat proteins. A further aim was to study how the deamidation of oat proteins with protein-glutaminase (PG) improves the solubility of proteins as a function of the following parameters: pH (6.0–9.0), enzyme dosage (4–20 U/g protein), and incubation time (1–4 h) with response surface methodology (RSM). Furthermore, we investigated selected functional properties, such as heat-induced gelation and solubility, of the oat protein concentrates. The chosen parameters for the enzymatic deamidation pre-treatment process by PG were as follows: pH 8.0, dosage 11.0 U/g protein, and an incubation time of 4 h (1 h at native pH and 3 h at pH 8.0). Two oat protein concentrates were produced, non-deamidated and ultrafiltered, and deamidated and ultrafiltered, with protein concentrations of 45.0 and 52.4%, respectively. The solubility of both oat protein concentrates was significantly improved at neutral and slightly alkaline pH compared to the solubility of proteins extracted from the starting material. Additionally, both oat protein concentrates produced equally strong heat-induced gel-like structures at a protein concentration of 10%

The effect of deamidation and lipids on the interfacial and foaming properties of ultrafiltered oat protein concentrates

The aim of this study was to investigate the air-water interfacial and foaming properties of oat protein concentrates produced by an enzyme-aided ultrafiltration method with and without deamidation. A further aim was to determine the role of polar and non-polar lipids at the air-water interface and in foams. The deamidated and ultrafiltered oat protein concentrate (DE-UF-OPC) exhibited higher surface tension compared to the ultrafiltered oat protein concentrate (UF-OPC). DE-UF-OPC had a significantly higher negative zeta potential value (−50 mV) compared to the UF-OPC (−38 mV) at pH 7.0. The higher net charge of the DE-UF-OPC may have decreased the equilibrium concentration of oat proteins at the interfacial layer due to higher repulsion between them. Both of the ethanol extracted OPCs exhibited higher surface tension values most likely due to the partial denaturation of albumins and/or globulins. Removal of the majority of non-polar lipids had no effect on the equilibrium surface tension of OPCs. DE-UF-OPC and UF-OPC exhibited some, but limited foaming ability. The removal of non-polar lipids significantly improved the foamability and stability of DE-UF-OPC and UF-OPC, but the removal of polar lipids only improved the foamability of DE-UF-OPC.Peer reviewe

KECERDASAN SPIRITUAL PADA PERWIRA TINGGI TNI YANG AKAN MENGHADAPI MASA PENSIUN

Masa pensiun bagi sebagian individu merupakan salah satu hal yang ditakuti oleh sebagianorang karena berkurangnya berbagai segi kemampuan dan aktivitas yang biasa dimiliki olehindividu tersebut. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat kecerdasan spiritual padaperwira TNI yang memasuki masa pension. Penelitian ini menggunakan wawancara bersifatterbuka dan terstuktur, dalam penelitian ini peneliti juga mengunakan observasi berstrukturdan non-partisipan. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah seorang PATI TNI AL yang berusia55 tahun dan akan memasuki masa pensiun serta berada dalam tahapan perkembanganyakni periode dewasa madya. Hasil penelitian ini antara lain memperlihatkan bahwakecerdasan spiritual yang tampak pada subjek adalah sikap ramah tamah, kedekatan,keingintahuan, kreativitas, penguasaan diri, dan religinya. Karena subjek memiliki minatuntuk bersosialisasi membuat subjek menjadi orang yang tetap mampu membuka diri danberadaptasi untuk lingkungan baru termasuk orang-orangnya dan aktivitasnya. Selain itudihasilkan pula faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kecerdasan spiritual yaitu subjek sejakdulu memang selalu ingin melakukan hal-hal yang baik dalam kehidupannya, dan ini tidakberubah meskipun subjek sekarang telah pensiun.AbstractRetirement is one of the uncomfortable moment in life that should be faced by some peoplebecause when it happened a person will lose some of his/her skills and activities. The aim ofthis research is to know the spiritual intelligence in military personnel in facing hisretirement. The research is using open and structured interview, and also structuredobservation and non participant. A 55 years old military personnel who facing his retirementbecome this respondent. The result shows that the respondent has good spiritual intelligencesuch as in hospitality, close to surroundings, has good curiosity, creativity, having good selfcontrol,and religious. Because he is willing to socialize it disclose and adapt him into newsurroundings and activities. Beside that, factors influencing his spiritual intelligence are hiswillingness to do the best and closest to God

Liikenne- ja viestintäministeriön hallinnonalan tietokartta

Liikenne- ja viestintäministeriön hallinnonalan avoimen datan ryhmä kokosi tietokartan osana pääministeri Juha Sipilän hallituksen ”Rakennetaan digitaalisen liiketoiminnan kasvuympäristö” –kärkihankkeen datatalous liikenteen voimavarana -toimenpiteen toteutusta. Tavoitteena on että liikenne- ja viestintäministeriön hallinnonalan dataa hyödynnetään tehokkaasti liiketoiminnassa ja palveluissa yhteiskunnan eri sektoreilla. Tietokartta koostuu hallinnonalalla tuotetuista tietoaineistoista kuvauksineen, niiden tarkemmista tietolajeista ja luovutustavoista sekä tiedossa olevista haasteista ja mahdollisuuksista koskien tiedon hyödynnettävyyttä. Tietokartan rakenne koostuu strategioista, toiminnan ohjauksesta, hankkeiden hallinnasta, liikenteen ja viestinnän infrastruktuurista, liikennevälineistä, henkilöluvista, kelpoisuuksista ja tunnuksista, toiminnanharjoittajista, olosuhdetiedoista sekä pääosin reaaliaikaisesta liikenne- ja viestintätiedosta. Tietokarttaa hyödynnetään kärkihankkeen toimeenpanoa tukevissa selvityksissä. Tietokartan valmistuttua yritysten ja julkisen sektorin toivotaan tarttuvan tietokarttaan siten että tiedoille löytyisi uusia, innovatiivisia yhdistämis- ja käyttömahdollisuuksia esimerkiksi liiketoiminnassa ja palvelukehityksessä sekä päätöksenteon tukena. Tietokarttaa voidaan vapaasti hyödyntää esimerkiksi kehittämistyössä ja hackathoneiss

Common Inflammation-Related Candidate Gene Variants and Acute Kidney Injury in 2647 Critically Ill Finnish Patients

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a syndrome with high incidence among the critically ill. Because the clinical variables and currently used biomarkers have failed to predict the individual susceptibility to AKI, candidate gene variants for the trait have been studied. Studies about genetic predisposition to AKI have been mainly underpowered and of moderate quality. We report the association study of 27 genetic variants in a cohort of Finnish critically ill patients, focusing on the replication of associations detected with variants in genes related to inflammation, cell survival, or circulation. In this prospective, observational Finnish Acute Kidney Injury (FINNAKI) study, 2647 patients without chronic kidney disease were genotyped. We defined AKI according to Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) criteria. We compared severe AKI (Stages 2 and 3, n = 625) to controls (Stage 0, n = 1582). For genotyping we used iPLEX(TM) Assay (Agena Bioscience). We performed the association analyses with PLINK software, using an additive genetic model in logistic regression. Despite the numerous, although contradictory, studies about association between polymorphisms rs1800629 in TNFA and rs1800896 in IL10 and AKI, we found no association (odds ratios 1.06 (95% CI 0.89-1.28, p = 0.51) and 0.92 (95% CI 0.80-1.05, p = 0.20), respectively). Adjusting for confounders did not change the results. To conclude, we could not confirm the associations reported in previous studies in a cohort of critically ill patients.Peer reviewe

Heme oxygenase-1 repeat polymorphism in septic acute kidney injury

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a syndrome that frequently affects the critically ill. Recently, an increased number of dinucleotide repeats in the HMOX1 gene were reported to associate with development of AKI in cardiac surgery. We aimed to test the replicability of this finding in a Finnish cohort of critically ill septic patients. This multicenter study was part of the national FINNAKI study. We genotyped 300 patients with severe AKI (KDIGO 2 or 3) and 353 controls without AKI (KDIGO 0) for the guanine-thymine (GTn) repeat in the promoter region of the HMOX1 gene. The allele calling was based on the number of repeats, the cut off being 27 repeats in the S-L (short to long) classification, and 27 and 34 repeats for the S-M-L2 (short to medium to very long) classification. The plasma concentrations of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) enzyme were measured on admission. The allele distribution in our patients was similar to that published previously, with peaks at 23 and 30 repeats. The S-allele increases AKI risk. An adjusted OR was 1.30 for each S-allele in an additive genetic model (95% CI 1.01-1.66; p = 0.041). Alleles with a repeat number greater than 34 were significantly associated with lower HO-1 concentration (p<0.001). In septic patients, we report an association between a short repeat in HMOX1 and AKI risk