Balanced cross section of the northeast of Adiyaman, Turkey

Deformation during closure of an ocean basin and continent-continent collision in southeast Anatolia Turkey during the Late Cretaceous to Middle Miocene was investigated by construction of a geologic map, structural cross-section and retrodeformed palinspastically restored cross-section. The area of study is a N-S transect across the Bitlis Suture Zone of Northeast of Adiyaman. The study area is situated in the southeast Anatolian orogenic belt which includes, from south to north, the Arabian platform, the zone of Imbrication, and the zone of Nappes. A geologic map of this region was prepared in order to construct balanced and restored cross sections from the Bitlis Suture Zone, Northeast of Adiyaman, Turkey. This balanced cross section integrates surface and subsurface data to analyze the structural geometry of the region, calculate the vertical extension and tectonic shortening. The cross section was restored using the line and area balancing methods. A balanced structural cross section suggests that structural uplift in the Bitlis Suture Zone was the result of a thin skinned, imbricated thrust and fold system. The imbricated thrust system sequence is composed of Late Cretaceous and younger strata. Shortening and vertical length estimates based on the direct comparison between the present-day balanced cross section and the reconstructed section from Late Cretaceous to Late Miocene time indicate 24.6 % shortening in the horizontal direction. Vertical thickening is greater in the north 36.56 % than in the south 11.18 % consistent with maintaining a wedge with a critical taper necessary for continued south directed thrusting during continent-continent collision. The interpreted structural evolution model from the restoration of geological structure will assist planning for petroleum exploration in this area --Abstract, page iii

EFFECTS OF PH ON AGGLOMERATION STATE OF Al2O3 – ZrO2 (ZTA) NANOCOMPOSITE POWDERS SYNTHESIZED BY TARTARIC GEL METHOD

Alumina – 20 vol% zirconia (ZTA) nanocomposites were synthesized by the tartaric acid sol-gel method. The precursors gelled from solutions at different pH were prepared and then calcined from 1000 to 1500°C. Surface area measurement (BET), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to characterize the synthesized powders. Control of agglomeration state was carried out by changing the pH of the solution. Weakly agglomerated powders were obtained at pH=6, whereas the solution at pH=1 revealed hard agglomerated powders, (agglomeration degrees, N, were found to be 16425 at pH=1 and 102 at pH=6, respectively). The pH dependence of agglomeration was explained by the dissociation behavior of tartaric acid at various pH environments. XRD results showed that the powders have been fully tetragonal phase at 1000°C, while they exhibited tetragonal zirconia with minor monoclinic phase as well as a-Al2O3 at 1500°C. The presence of a-Al2O3 in the nanocrystalline composite contributes the wide range of temperature stability for t-ZrO2 up to 1500°C. TEM micrograph confirmed that alumina and zirconia were dispersed homogenously. Mechanical properties (hardness and indentation fracture toughness) of sintered samples were also determined

Fiili dolaşım paylarının hisse senedi fiyatları üzerine etkileri: IMKB’de bir uygulama

Bu çalışma, fiili dolaşım paylarının, Türkiye’deki hisse senetleri piyasa performanslarının üzerindeki etkisini incelemektedir. Bu amaç doğrultusunda, İstanbul Menkul Kıymetler Borsası’nda faaliyet gösteren 194 firmaya ait, 25.02.2011 ila 09.03.2012 tarihlerini kapsayan, günlük fiili dolaşım payları seçilmiştir. Fiili dolaşım payların etkilerinin gösterilmesi için, günlük fiyat getirileri, fiyat oynaklığı ve işlem hacmi bağımlı değişken olarak seçilerek regresyon modeli ile analiz edilmiştir. Analiz sonuçlarına göre, hisse senedi fiyat getirisi ile fiili dolaşım payları arasında hiç bir ilişki bulunamamıştır. Bir diğer taraftan, işlem hacmi ve fiyat oynaklığı ile fiili dolaşım payları arasında anlamlı bir ilişkinin olduğu ortaya konmuştur.This study investigates the effect of the free float ratio (FFR) on stock return, risk, and trading activity in the Turkish capital market. Daily free float ratios are calculated 194 firms trading on Istanbul Stock Exchange for the period between 25.02.2011 and 09.03.2012. Results show no relationship between free float ratio and price return. On the other hand, trade activity and price volatility are significantly positively correlation with free float ratio

EXPLORING SEMANTIC PROSODIC AWARENESS LEVELS OF EFL LEARNERS THROUGH NEAR-SYNONYM WORDS

Near-synonyms are semantically similar words, but they are not always interchangeable, having a variety of collocational and semantic behaviours. Tertiary level EFL learners’ use of near synonyms demonstrates significant differences in terms of word choices. This article investigates (1) the level of semantic prosodic (SP) awareness in EFL learners, (2) the correlation between their SP awareness and English proficiency levels, (3) the ways EFL learners use semantic prosodic features in their speech and written productions and how they cope with challenges in SP and (4) the factors affecting their SP knowledge. The data were analysed quantitively and qualitatively. A proficiency test, a semantic prosody test, an open-ended questionnaire and a structured interview were used respectively. The findings reveal that learners’ SP knowledge correlates with language proficiency, but their awareness levels have little to do with the proficiency. One implication for the curriculum developers is that they should consider including relevant content related to the semantic prosody in syllabi so that the students will be able to create semantically relevant sentences like their native counterparts. Article visualizations

Dinar yöresi meşe ormanlarında Yeşil Meşe Bükücüsü [Tortrix viridana L. 1758 (Lep.; Tortricidae)]’nün zararı, biyolojisi ve doğal düşmanları

Bu çalışma ile Afyonkarahisar-Dinar yöresinde Tortrix viridana’nın yayılışı, zararı, biyolojisi ve doğal düşmanları araştırılmıştır. 2012-2014 yıllarında periyodik olarak araştırma alanlarında gözlem yapılmış ve örnek toplanmıştır. Zararlının beslendiği üç tür meşe tespit edilmiştir. Bunlar; Quercus coccifera, Q. infectoria ve Q. pubescens’tir. Zararlının ergin çıkışlarının mayıs ayının sonunda başladığı haziran ayı boyunca azalarak devam ettiği belirlenmiştir. Kışı yumurta döneminde geçirdiği ve larvaların nisan ayı ortasından itibaren yumurtadan çıkmaya başladığı, genç larvaların ilk olarak meşe ağacının tomurcuklarında beslendikleri görülmüştür. Mayıs ayı ortasından itibaren yapraklar arasında pupa olan türün yılda bir nesil verdiği belirlenmiştir. Çalışma boyunca, T. viridana’nın larvaları ile beslenen üç kuş türü Phylloscopus boneli (Vieillot) (Passeriformes: Sylviidae), Parus caeruleus L. ve Parus major L. (Passeriformes: Paridae) gözlenmiştir. Avcı tür olarak Forficula auricularia L. (Dermaptera: Forficulidae) ve parazitoit türler olarak Itoplectis maculator (Fabr.) (Hym.; Ichneumonidae), Brachymeria tibialis (Walker) (Hym.; Chalcididae), Monodontomerus aereus Walker (Hym.; Torymidae), Pteromalus semotus (Walker) (Hym.; Pteromalidae), Macrocentrus collaris (Spinola) (Hym.; Braconidae) tespit edilmiştir. Parazitoit türlerden I. maculator hariç diğerleri ülkemizde zararlının doğal düşmanı olarak ilk kez kaydedilmiştir. Anahtar kelimeler: Tortrix viridana, Meşe, Dinar, Biyoloji, Doğal düşma

Tetra­aqua­bis(isonicotinamide-κN 1)cobalt(II) bis­(4-formyl­benzoate) dihydrate

The asymmetric unit of the crystal structure of the title complex, [Co(C6H6N2O)2(H2O)4](C8H5O3)2·2H2O, contains one-half of the complex cation with the CoII ion located on an inversion center, a 4-formyl­benzoate (FB) counter-anion and an uncoordinated water mol­ecule. The four O atoms in the equatorial plane around the CoII ion form a slightly distorted square-planar arrangement with an average Co—O bond length of 2.086 Å; the slightly distorted octa­hedral coordination is completed by the two N atoms of the isonicotinamide (INA) ligands at a slightly longer distance [2.1603 (14) Å] in the axial positions. The dihedral angle between the carboxyl­ate group and the attached benzene ring is 5.93 (13)°, while the pyridine and benzene rings are oriented at a dihedral angle of 3.09 (6)°. In the crystal structure, O—H⋯O, N—H⋯O and C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds link the mol­ecules into a three-dimensional network. π–π Contacts between the benzene and pyridine rings [centroid–centroid distance = 3.758 (1) Å] may further stabilize the crystal structure

P Wave Duration And Dispersion In Patients With Hyperthyroidism And The Short-term Effects Of Antithyroid Treatment

Background: Prolonged P wave duration and P wave dispersion (PWD) have been associated with an increased risk for atrial fibrillation (AF). Hyperthytodism is a frequent cause of atrial fibrillation (AF). Methods: Forty-two patients with newly diagnosed overt hyperthyroidism and 20 healthy people were enrolled in the study. Transthoracic echocardiography, 12 lead surface ECG and thyroid hormone levels were studied at the time of enrollment and after achievement of euthyroid state with propylthiouracil treatment. Results: Maximum P wave duration (Pmax) (97.4±14.6 vs. 84.2±9.5 msec, p<0.001), PWD (42.9±10.7 vs. 31.0±6.2 msec, p<0.001), deceleration (DT) (190.7±22.6 vs. 177.0±10.2 msec, p=0.013) and isovolumetric relaxation times (IVRT) (90.9±11.2 vs. 79.6±10.5 msec, p<0.001) were significantly higher in hyperthyroid patients compared to control group. Pmax and PWD were significantly correlated with the presence of hyperthyroidism. Pmax (97.4±14.6 to 84.3±8.6 msec, p<0,001) Pmin (54.1±8.6 to 48.1±8.5 msec, p=0.002), PWD (42.9±10.7 to 35.9±8.1 msec, p=0.002) and DT (190.7±22.6 to 185.5±18.3, p=0.036) were significantly decreased after achievement of euthyroid state in patients with hyperthyroidism. Diastolic dyfunction was seen in 5 patients at hyperthroid state but only in one patient at euthyroid state. Conclusions: Hyperthyroidism is associated with prolonged P wave duration and dispersion. Achievement of euthyroid state with propylthiouracil treatment results in shortening of P wave variables. Diastolic function may have a partial effect for the increased Pmax and PWD. Shortening of Pmax and PWD may be a marker for the prevention of AF with the anti-thyroid treatment