Relation of leptin, adiponectin and insulin resistance to bone mineral density in type 2 diabetic postmenopausal women

Wstęp: Celem badania było porównanie zależności między stężeniami leptyny i adiponektyny oraz insulinoopornością a gęstością mineralną kości (BMD) u kobiet po menopauzie chorujących na cukrzycę typu 2 i u osób z niechorującej na cukrzycę grupy kontrolnej. Materiał i metody: Do badania zrekrutowano łącznie 76 kobiet po menopauzie, które podzielono na grupy obejmujące kobiety chorujące na cukrzycę typu 2 (n = 19) i bez cukrzycy (n = 19), u których wartość T score dla BMD kręgosłupa i/lub bliższego odcinka kości udowej wynosiło mniej niż -2 oraz chore na cukrzycę typu 2 (n = 20) i niechorujące na cukrzycę (n = 18) z prawidłowymi wartościami BMD (T score > -1). Kryteria wykluczenia obejmowały stosowanie leków przeciwosteoporotycznych, wiek ponad 65 lat, choroby lub terapie mogące wpływać na metabolizm kostny. U uczestniczek badania wykonano badania biochemiczne, oznaczono stężenia leptyny, adiponektyny i insuliny oraz oszacowano stopień insulinooporności HOMA. Wyniki: Nie zaobserwowano korelacji między niskimi wartościami BMD a stężeniami leptyny i adiponektyny oraz insulinoopornością. Stwierdzono jedynie odwrotną zależność między stężeniem leptyny a BMD kości udowej w obrębie trójkąta Warda. Wnioski: Konieczne są dalsze badania obejmujące dużą grupę chorych, aby ustalić wpływ stężeń leptyny i adiponektyny oraz insulinooporności na metabolizm kostny u chorych na cukrzycę typu 2. (Endokrynol Pol 2011; 62 (5): 429–435)Background: Our aim is to identify the relation of leptin, adiponectin and insulin resistance to bone mineral density (BMD) in type 2 diabetic postmenopausal women and compare it with that experienced by nondiabetics. Material and methods: Seventy six postmenopausal female patients were included in the study. Postmenopausal type 2 diabetic (n = 19) and nondiabetic patients (n = 19) with spine and/or hip BMD T score lower than -2 were included in the study, and postmenopausal type 2 diabetic (n = 20) and nondiabetic women (n = 18) with normal BMD (T score > –1) were selected as control groups. Those receiving therapy for osteoporosis, over the age of 65, those who had a disease and were taking a medication that could affect bone metabolism were excluded. Biochemical tests, as well as leptin, adiponectin and insulin levels, were measured and insulin resistance was calculated using the HOMA test. Results: There was no correlation between low BMD and leptin, adiponectin and insulin resistance. There was only a negative correlation between leptin and femur Ward’s triangle BMD. Conclusion: Further large-scale studies must to be performed in order to analyse the effects of leptin, adiponectin and insulin resistance on bone metabolism in type 2 diabetic patients. (Pol J Endocrinol 2011; 62 (5): 429–435

Examination of the effect of xenogeneic mesenchymal stem cells and conditioned medium on cartilage graft viability: a rabbit model

Background Since cartilage, unlike skin, does not contain vessels, it obtains nutrition by diffusion. This reduces graft viability, resulting in problems such as reductions in size, changes in shape, and resorption of the cartilage graft in the late post-graft period. This study aimed to investigate the effects of adipose-derived mesenchymal cells and conditioned medium (CM) on cartilage graft viability. Methods Dissections were performed 4 months after the injection of 0.5 mL of CM or 2×106 mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in 0.5 mL after grafting into a control group and two experimental groups (n=21 rabbits in total). Chondrocyte viability and type II collagen expression in the grafted areas were analyzed by hematoxylin-eosin staining and immunohistochemical methods, respectively. Results In the MSC and CM groups, chondrocyte proliferation at the graft tissue incision margin (MSC: P<0.01, CM: P<0.0001), chondrocyte proliferation at the auricular cartilage incision margin (MSC: P<0.05, CM: P<0.0001), integration of the graft with the surrounding cartilage (MSC: P<0.001, CM: P<0.0001) and type II collagen expression levels (MSC: P=0.001, CM: P=0.0002) significantly increased. Conclusions Xenogenic injection of MSCs and CM contributed to new cartilage production without any tumoral effects or immune reactions. In particular, the cell-free nature of CM strengthened its potential for safe use. Since injections of MSC and CM can preserve cartilage graft viability, interest in this technique is expected to increase as long-term results from clinical studies on the subject become available

Increased fat graft survival with mesenchymal stem cell recruiting effect of PRP: in vitro and in vivo study of application techniques

Aim: Adding platelet-rich plasm (PRP) or mesenchymal stem cells are the most accepted methods to increase fat graft’s permanence. However, there is no consensus on timing and whether the effect of stem cells or PRP is observed more in the recipient area or in the donor area. It is aimed to present the application method and localization of PRP to be combined with fat graft to increase the survival. Material and Methods: in vitro part: Fat grafts were kept in a medium containing PRP. Cell output from the fat graft to the Petri dishes was examined every day. The time to recruit the maximum number of stem cells to the medium was determined (day 10). in vivo part: Eight group of rats were received PRP in different concentrations either to recipient or donor areas of fat grafts. After ten days, fat grafts were transferred to the recipient area. Ninety days after the transfer, histopathological examination and immunohistochemical staining were performed. Results: The group which had received the full-dose PRP to the recipient area showed the highest cellular integrity and vascularity (p< 0.05). Vascularity was superior in the half-dose PRP group compared to the control group (p< 0.05); cellular integrity did not increase. Donor site groups did not show increase in cellular integrity. Conclusion: Although PRP starts to increase fat graft permanence by increasing vascularity, it acts by preserving the cellular integrity of the fat cells as the concentrations increase. The PRP injection to the recipient area 10 days before fat grafting may provide higher survival rates

Infantile myofibroma: A differential diagnosis of hand tumors during the neonatal period

AbstractInfantile myofibromas (IMs) are benign, congenital, soft tissue tumors that can present at birth or during infancy in solitary, multicentric or generalized forms. Infantile myofibromatosis is well described in the head and neck but rarely reported on the hand. The treatment is early surgical removal and histopathological evaluation. Allow rate of regression is reported. Visceral involvement and generalized forms are more serious conditions, therefore, it is important to perform radiologic examination to determine if there is distant dissemination of the disease. In this paper, we have presented a case of infantile myofibroma in a 20-day-old female who had a pedunculated skin lesion on the fifth digit of her right hand. This case was unusual in location of origin

Endometrial flushing alpha(V)beta(3) integrin, glycodelin and PGF2 alpha levels for evaluating endometrial receptivity in women with polycystic ovary syndrome, myoma uteri and endometrioma

The aim of this cross-sectional study is to compare endometrial flushing fluid levels of alpha(V)beta(3) integrin, glycodelin and PGF2 alpha during the midluteal phase of the menstrual cycle of women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS, n=20), myoma uteri (n=20) and endometrioma (n=19) with the healthy controls (n=20). After collecting samples at the midluteal phase of ovulatory volunteers and storing them at -80 degrees C, alpha(V)beta(3) integrin, glycodelin and PGF2 alpha levels were analyzed using ELISA. The mean ages of the groups were 28.90 +/- 5.45, 37.25 +/- 2.73, 32.84 +/- 6.62 and 32.15 +/- 5.18 in PCOS, myoma uteri, endometrioma and control groups, respectively. The alpha(V)beta(3) integrin level (ng/ml) was statistically significantly higher in endometrioma group (9.70 +/- 1.72, p<0.05) as compared to myoma uteri and control groups. Similarly, glycodelin level (ng/ml) was significantly higher in endometrioma group (341.04 +/- 93.32) than PCOS (p<0.01), myoma uteri (p<0.001) and healthy subjects (p<0.001). Moreover, PGF2 alpha level (350.04 +/- 464.50 ng/ml) was significantly higher in PCOS group relative to myoma uteri (p<0.001), endometrioma (p<0.05) and control (p<0.05) groups. In conclusion, alpha(V)beta(3) integrin level was significantly higher in endometrioma subjects than those with myoma uteri and control groups; glycodelin level was significantly higher in endometrioma group than other three groups, and lastly, PCOS patients had significantly higher PGF2 alpha levels than those patients with myoma uteri, endometrioma and controls

Early Postoperative Complications in Primary Cleft Lip and Palate Repair: A Retrospective Analysis of 328 Cases

Aim Primary cleft lip and palate (CLP) repair is the most critical stage throughout lifetime. CLP surgery involves risks of surgery and anaesthesia related complications. In this study, it was aimed to evaluate complications occurred in early period after primary CLP surgery and to determine early factors that trigger these conditions. Materials and Methods In this study 328 surgeries of 271 CLP patients were included. Complications were classified as minor complications such as fever occurring within first 3 days. Complications that cannot be treated with palliative care or required transfer to intensive care were considered as major complications. Epidemiology and causal link of early complications were statistically evaluated. Results Early complications were seen in 19% (n: 63) of all cases that operated for cleft lip and palate. Among them rate of minor complications were 9% (n: 25). It was determined that prolongation of anaesthesia lead to rising of minor complications such as deficiency in oral feeding. Major complications were observed in 11% (n: 38). These major complications were more common in bilateral cleft lip, syndromic, palate and male patients. Mean hospitalisation of complicated cases were 3.35 days. When compairing to noncomplicated cases there was increasing in hospitalisation time (