The effects of using chicken grill oil instead of the sunflower oil on performance, blood parameters, cholestrerol, and fatty acid composition of egg volk in laying Japanese Qual (Coturnix coturnix japonica)

This study was carried out to determine the effect of using chicken grill oil instead of the sunflower oil in laying Japanese quail diets on egg production, feed intake, feed conversion ratio, egg quality, blood parameters, cholesterol and fatty acid composition of egg yolk. A total of 192, thirteen week old Japanese quail were allocated to four groups with six replicates containing eight quail each. The diets were isonitrogenous and isocaloric and included 20 % crude protein and 2900 kcal/kg ME. The diets contained 5% sunflower oil (SO1), 5% chicken grill oil (CO1), 7.5% sunflower oil (SO2), 7.5% chicken grill oil (CO2). Experimental diets and water were provided ad libitum throughout the 9 weeks. There were no significant differences in initial body weight among groups, but there were highly significant (p<0.001) differences in final body weight among groups: 296.62, 286.62, 308.24, 276.35 g for SO1, CO1, SO2 and CO2 respectively. Higher egg production (p<0.001) was obtained for quail fed the CO1 and the CO2 diet (5% and 7.5% chicken grill oil respectively) than for quail fed the SO1 or the SO2 (5% and 7.5% sunflower oil). The cholesterol content in blood serum (195.61, 197.12, 157.37 and 176.49 mg/dl respectively) was not statistically significant. At the end of the study cholesterol content of the egg yolk (49.70, 49.54, 45.55 and 44.06 mg/g egg yolk respectively) was lowest in (p<0.05) the laying quail fed the CO2 diet. All blood parameters including haemoglobin, heamotocrit, serum cholesterol and serum glucose were not affected by diets except serum triglyceride and serum protein p<0.01). Dietary chicken grill oil had no adverse effect on egg weight, cholesterol and fatty acid composition of the egg yolk and feed conversion ratio. Therefore, chicken grill oil can be use up to 7.5% of the laying quail diets

Effects of different levels of expanded perlite on the performance and egg quality traits of laying hens

ABSTRACT -The influence of different levels of expanded perlite on the performance and egg quality traits was studied in laying hens. Forty Lohmann Brown females at 30 weeks of age were randomly assigned to four groups consisting of five replicates with two hens in each. Four diet groups were supplemented with 0% (control group), 1%, 2%, and 3% perlite, respectively. Feed and water were provided ad libitum. There were no significant differences in final body weight, feed intake, egg yield, and egg weight. Feed conversion ratio and egg weight decreased with addition of 2% perlite. Dietary perlite supplementation has no significant effects on shape, yolk, and albumen index. Haugh unit was affected significantly by addition of 2% perlite. Fecal pH, dry matter, and NH 3 -N did not significantly differ among treatments. Dietary perlite has no negative effect on performance and egg quality traits except 2% perlite group. Dietary expanded perlite can be added at 1% level in laying hen rations without changing the animal performance. Key Words: egg, performance, perlite, poultry Revista Brasileira de Zootecni

Effect of different concentrations of dietary safflower seed on milk yield and some rumen and blood parameters at the end stage of lactation in dairy cows

In this study, the effects of different concentrations of dietary safflower seeds (SS) were examined for milk production, milk fat and some rumen and blood parameters at the end stage of lactation in dairy cows. Four Holstein cows were assigned to a 4 × 4 Latin Square design with four stages. All stages had 14 d of adaptation and 7 d of data collection periods. The diets were formulated as isoenergetic and isonitrogenous. Cows were fed four concentrate mixtures containing 0% (Control; C), 12.5% (S-I), 25% (S-II), or 37.5% (S-III) crushed SS during the experimental period. Safflower seed intake was distributed as 0 (C), 1 (S-I), 2 (S-II) and 3 (S-III) kg/d/cow. Cows were fed 8 kg concentrate, 2 kg wheat straw, and corn silage ad libitum(approximately 20 kg). Diet S-III caused a decrease in efficiency of milk production and diet S-II provided a much further efficiency in milk production (C = 13.39±0.23, S-I = 12.94±0.26, S-II = 13.46±0.24 and S-III = 11.83±0.52 kg). Diets had no significant effect on milk fat (C = 3.99±0.18, S-I = 4.09 ± 0.16, S-II = 3.87±0.35 and S-III = 3.75±0.30%). There was no difference in rumen fluid and blood parameters. Short-time feeding of up to 2 kg/d safflower seed had no negative effects on milk yield, milk fat, and some serum parameters, but 3 kg/d safflower seed reduced milk production. Safflower seed can be safely fed at up to two kilograms daily at the end stage of lactation in dairy cows

The effect of laying period on egg quality traits and chemical composition of Lindovskaya (Linda) geese reared under breeder conditions

WOS: 000488524400012The study was conducted to determine the effect of laying period on egg quality traits as well as the chemical composition of Lindovskaya geese. The egg quality traits were examined by randomly taking a total of 90 eggs on the 45th +/- 5, 60th +/- 5, and 75th +/- 5 days of the laying period from 3-year-old female Lindovskaya geese. It was determined that the effect of the laying period on external quality traits of eggs was statistically nonsignificant (P > 0.05). The effect of laying period on internal quality traits including height, diameter, and index of the yolk and albumen was statistically significant (P < 0.05). The eggs collected on the 45th +/- 5 day had higher values compared to eggs obtained on the other days in terms of yolk height, diameter, and index, as well as albumen length and albumen width. The effect of laying period on dry matter, protein, and ash ratio of the egg yolk and albumen was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Dry matter and protein ratios of the yolk and albumen reached their peaks on the 75th +/- 5 day of the laying period. These results are the first data for identification of egg quality traits in Turkish-reared Lindovskaya geese. It was concluded that the quality of eggs obtained on the 45th +/- 5 day of the laying period was higher than those obtained on the other two control days in terms of internal traits

Effects of sumac and turmeric as feed additives on performance, egg quality traits, and blood parameters of laying hens

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of sumac and turmeric on performance, egg quality traits, and blood parameters of laying hens. Forty Lohman Brown hens at 30 weeks of age were distributed into four groups, consisting of five replicates with two hens in each. The experiment lasted for 42 days. Laying hens were fed different basal diets in treatment groups and control groups. The groups consisted of hens fed a basal diet with 0.5% sumac, a basal diet with 0.5% turmeric, and a basal diet with 0.25% sumac + 0.25% turmeric. Hens were given ad libitum access to feed and water during the experiment. The results revealed that there were no statistically significant differences in terms of final body weight, egg production, egg weight, and feed intake after the groups were fed according to the diets as 0.5% sumac, 0.5% turmeric, and 0.25% sumac + 0.25% turmeric. Addition of turmeric increased egg production and egg weight, but reduced the feed conversion ratio compared with the control group. On the other hand, dietary supplementation with sumac decreased egg weight. Shape index, yolk index, albumen index, Haugh unit, and yolk color parameters were also not affected by dietary supplementation of turmeric and sumac. When layers were fed the 0.25% sumac + 0.25% turmeric-supplemented diet, yolk index was higher in number, but Haugh unit and albumen index were lower. Dietary addition of sumac and turmeric does not have any negative influence on performance and egg quality traits of laying hens. Dietary treatments do not significantly affect blood serum cholesterol, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels. With the supplementation of turmeric, AST and ALT levels are higher in number among all the groups. Dietary sumac and turmeric can be added at 0.5% level to laying hen rations without changing animal performance

Effects of different levels of expanded perlite on the performance and egg quality traits of laying hens

ABSTRACT The influence of different levels of expanded perlite on the performance and egg quality traits was studied in laying hens. Forty Lohmann Brown females at 30 weeks of age were randomly assigned to four groups consisting of five replicates with two hens in each. Four diet groups were supplemented with 0% (control group), 1%, 2%, and 3% perlite, respectively. Feed and water were provided ad libitum. There were no significant differences in final body weight, feed intake, egg yield, and egg weight. Feed conversion ratio and egg weight decreased with addition of 2% perlite. Dietary perlite supplementation has no significant effects on shape, yolk, and albumen index. Haugh unit was affected significantly by addition of 2% perlite. Fecal pH, dry matter, and NH3-N did not significantly differ among treatments. Dietary perlite has no negative effect on performance and egg quality traits except 2% perlite group. Dietary expanded perlite can be added at 1% level in laying hen rations without changing the animal performance

Türk Biyokimya Dergisi

Effects of dietary chicken grill oil and sunflower seed oil on blood and liver oxidant/antioxidant status and liver function tests in laying Japanese quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica) [ ABSTRACT Objective: To investigate influence of dietary chicken grill oil (CGO) on blood and liver oxidant/ antioxidant status and parameters of liver function in laying Japanese quails (n=192; 13-wk old) (Coturnix coturnix japonica). Methods: Four groups were fed with experimental diets contained, 5% sunflower seed oil (SO 1 ), 5% chicken grill oil (CGO 1 ), 7.5% sunflower seed oil (SO 2 ) and 7.5% chicken grill oil (CGO 2 ), respectively. Experimental diets and water were provided ad libitum throughout the nine weeks of experiment. Results: The added CGO supplementation lowered erythrocyte and liver superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, but increased erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity. However, the supplemented CGO did not affect to serum and liver malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. But liver MDA level of the group added 7.5% SO (SO 2 ) significantly increased compared to other groups (p&lt;0.01). Vitamin A and β-carotene concentrations in plasma of laying quails significantly decreased due to increased rates (from 5% to 7.5%) of both CGO and SO. However, plasma vitamin E concentrations in quails fed with diets supplemented with 7.5% SO and CGO were significantly higher (p&lt;0.05) than in birds fed with the 5% SO and CGO diets. In the analysis of liver function, serum alanine transaminase (ALT) activity in birds fed diets supplemented with CGO (CGO 1 and CGO 2 ) increased. Also, serum aspartate transaminase (AST) activity showed a significant increase (p&lt;0.01) in quails fed with 7.5% SO or CGO. Conclusion: The results suggest that the antioxidant effect of CGO is not less effective than that SO. Both SO and CGO added to quail diets in 7.5 % ratio are not the positive effect on the oxidant/ antioxidant status and liver function tests. However, the oxidant effect of dietary 7.5% CGO is lower than that SO. Therefore CGO obtained as described in the Material-Methods section up to 5% may be added to quail diets. Key Words: Chicken grill oil, antioxidant status, liver function, quail Conflict of Interest: The authors declare no conflict of interest. ÖZET Amaç: Bu çalışmada 13 haftalık yumurtlayan Japon bıldırcınlarının (n=192) (Coturnix coturnix japonica) karma yemlerine eklenen tavuk çevirme yağının (CGO) kan ve karaciğer oksidan/antioksidan denge ve karaciğer fonksiyon testleri üzerine etkisi araştırılmıştır. Metod: Dört gruba ayrılan bıldırcınlar sırasıyla, %5 ayçekirdeği yağı (SO 1 ), %5 tavuk çevirme yağı (CGO 1 ), %7.5 ayçekirdeği yağı (SO 2 ) and %7.5 tavuk çevirme yağı (CGO 2 ) içeren karma yemlerle beslenmişlerdir. Yem ve su dokuz haftalık deneme boyunca ad libitum olarak verilmiştir. Bulgular: Karma yemlere ilave edilen CGO&apos;nun eritrosit ve karaciğer süperoksit dismütaz (SOD) aktivitesini azalttığı, fakat eritrosit glutatyon peroksidaz (GSH-Px) aktivitesini arttırdığı tespit edilmiştir. Bununla birlikte, karma yemlere ilave edilen CGO&apos;nun serum ve karaciğer malondialdehit (MDA) düzeyi üzerine herhangi bir etkisi saptanmamıştır. Fakat %7,5 SO ilave edilen grubun (SO 2 ) karaciğer MDA düzeyi diğer gruplara göre önemli ölçüde (p&lt;0.01) artmıştır. Plazma vitamin A ve β-karoten konsantrasyonları ise karma yemlere ilave edilen hem ayçekirdeği hem de tavuk çevirme yağının %5&apos;den %7.5 oranına çıkarılması durumunda azalmıştır. Aksine plazma vitamin E konsantrasyonları %7.5 SO ve CGO ilave edilen karma yemlerle beslenen bıldırcınlarda, %5 SO ve CGO ilave edilen gruplara göre önemli ölçüde yüksek (p&lt;0.05) bulunmuştur. Serum alanin transaminaz (ALT) aktivitesi CGO ilave edilen gruplarda (CGO 1 ve CGO 2 ) artmıştır. Ayrı-ca, serum aspartat transaminaz (AST) aktivitesi %7.5 oranında SO ya da CGO ilave edilen karma yemlerle beslenen bıldırcınlarda önemli ölçüde (p&lt;0.01) artış göstermiştir. Sonuç: Mevcut çalışmada, CGO&apos;nun antioksidan etkisinin SO&apos;dan daha az olmadığı sonucu ortaya çıkmaktadır. Her iki yağın da %7.5 oranın oksidan/antioksidan denge ve karaciğer fonksiyon testleri üzerinde olumlu etkisi bulunmamaktadır. Bununla birlikte, dietlere eklenen %7.5 CGO&apos;nun oksidan etkisinin %7.5 SO&apos;dan daha az olduğu görülmektedir. Bu nedenle %5 oranına kadar gereç ve yöntemler bölümünde belirtilen şekilde hazırlanmış olan CGO bıldırcın dietlerine eklenebilir. Anahtar Kelimeler: Tavuk çevirme yağı, antioksidan denge, karaciğer fonksiyonu, bıldırcın Çıkar Çatışması: Yazarların çıkar çatışması yoktur

Determinants of mortality in a large group of hemodialysis patients hospitalized for COVID-19

Background: Maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients are at increased risk for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The aim of this study was to describe clinical, laboratory, and radiologic characteristics and determinants of mortality in a large group of MHD patients hospitalized for COVID-19