Fuzzy multiplecriteria assignment problems for fusion: The case of Hungarian algorithm

In reality, it is possible to encounter assignment problems including multiple purposes and problems whose purposes feature in a fuzzy way. In that research, 0-1 linear goal programming models of fuzzy multiple criteria assignment problems representing different-structured purposes are constructed. Furthermore, in the searching Hungarian algorithm, the solution of classic assignment problems are obtained by chancing Cij coefficients suitably according to fuzzy purposes in some fuzzy multiple criteria assignment problems. © 2000 Int. Soc. Inf. Fusion

Preliminary Experience with Dexmedetomidine in Neonatal Anesthesia

Background: In paediatric patients dexmedetomidine has been reported to be effective in various clinical settings including provision of sedation during mechanical ventilation, prevention of emergence delirium after general anaesthesia, sedation during non invasive radiological procedures. However very few data of its use in newborn is available. Patients & Methods: Sixteen new born patients of age 2-28 days were studied. Anaesthesia was induced with 1 mgkg -1 ketamine intravenously. Dexmedetomicline 1 μgkg -1 was infused within ten minutres. Maintenance infusion was started as 0.5-0.8 μg kg -1 h -1 until the end of surgery ortrcheel intubation was done all patients were mechanical ventelated with O2+H2O safberane 0.1-0.2%. Non invasive systolic & chastake blood pressure, heart rate, SPO2 , DETCO2 , inhated & end trial sevophrame conc and body temperature were monitored. Results: No significant difference was observed in the measured values of haemodynamic parameter at different intervals and the base line values. No patient had hypotension bradycardia hypertension hypoxia or respiratory depression. Patients had mild hypothermia during post-operative period. Conclusion: Dexmedetomidine 1 μgkg -1 followed by maintenance dose of 0.5 μg kg -1 h -1 as an adjacent to sevoflurane anaesthesia in new born undergoing laparatomy provides haemodynamic stability during heightened surgical stimulate

Alopesi areata hastalarında beyin kaynaklı nörotrofik faktör (bdnf) düzeyleri: Bir ön çalışma]

Objectives: Alopecia areata (AA) is an asymptomatic hair loss; with mostly single, well-defined patches and in-group of non-scarring alopecia. There have been numerous studies that reported high percentages of psychiatric comorbidity in patients with alopecia areata. Beside these studies, to our knowledge there has been no study that researched a psychiatric biomarker such as brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in first onset alopecia areata patients. Method: This study was conducted in Namık Kemal University Medical Faculty, Departments of Dermatology and Psychiatry between March 2013 and September 2014. After inclusion and exclusion criteria, 60 patients with first onset AA who have no current and past psychiatric disorder and 60 age-sex matched healthy subjects were compared in terms of serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor. Results: The age and female /male ratio were found to be insignificant between groups. The mean values of serum BDNF were 2.13±1.71 ng/dl and 2.32±1.93 ng/dl in AA group and in healthy control group respectively. The mean BDNF level was found to be similar between groups (t=2.76, p=0.61). Conclusions: According to our knowledge, this study is the first to compare serum BDNF between patients with first onset alopecia areata and healthy subjects. Our study might indicate that patients with alopecia areata have similar serum BDNF levels compared with normal population. Nonetheless, further studies are needed to support our preliminary results. © 2014, Istanbul Universitesi. All rights reserved

Influence of maternal nicotine exposure on neonatal rat bone: Protective effect of pentoxifylline

Limited research in young adults and immature animals suggests a detrimental effect of tobacco on bone during growth. The aim of this study was to determine the adverse effects of maternal nicotine exposure during pregnancy and lactation on neonatal rat bone development, and to determine a protective effect of pentoxifylline (PTX). Gravid rats were assigned into four groups, one control (group 1) and three experimental (groups 11, III, and IV). In group II, pregnant rats received 3 mg/kg/day nicotine alone, subcutaneously, until 21 days postnatal. In group III, pregnant rats received nicotine (3 mg/kg/day) and PTX (60 mg/kg/day). In group IV, pregnant rats received PTX alone (60 mg/kg/day). Whole body mineral density (BMD), content (BMC), area (BA), and histopathologic and morphologic findings of the femur were determined at 21 days of age. The study revealed that nicotine exposure (group 11) decreased birth weight, pregnancy weight gain, and length of femur compared with other groups (P < 0.01). Birth weight was higher in groups III (PTX + nicotine) and IV (PTX) than in group 11 (nicotine). Body weight at 21 days of age was higher (P = 0.009) in the PTX alone group (group IV) compared with the other groups. BMD was higher (P < 0.001) in the PTX-treated groups (group III and IV) compared with other groups. In addition, there were more apoptotic chondrocytes in the hypertrophic zone of rats exposed to nicotine alone (group 11) compared with the other groups (P < 0.001). In conclusion, maternal nicotine exposure resulted in decreased birth weight, pregnancy weight gain, and bone lengthening, and increased apoptosis. Pentoxifylline supplementation was found to prevent the adverse effects of maternal nicotine exposure on BMD and birth weight

Comparison of interscalene brachial plexus block and intra-articular local anesthetic administration on postoperative pain management in arthroscopic shoulder surgery

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: In this study, the aim was to compare postoperative analgesia effects of the administration of ultrasound-guided interscalene brachial plexus block and intra-articular bupivacaine carried out with bupivacaine. METHODS: In the first group of patients 20 mL 0.25% bupivacaine and ultrasound-guided interscalene brachial plexus block (ISPB) were applied, while 20 mL 0.25% bupivacaine was given via intra-articular (IA) administration to the second group patients after surgery. Patients in the third group were considered the control group and no block was performed. Patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) with morphine was used in all three groups for postoperative analgesia. RESULTS: In the ISPB group, morphine consumption in the periods between 0-4, 6-12 and 12-24 postoperative hours and total consumption within 24 h was lower than in the other two groups. Morphine consumption in the IA group was lower than in the control group in the period from 0 to 6 h and the same was true for total morphine consumption in 24 h. Postoperative VASr scores in the ISPB group were lower than both of the other groups in the first 2 h and lower than the control group in the 4th and 6th hours (p < 0.05). In the IA group, VASr and VASm scores in the 2nd, 4th and 6th hours were lower than in the control group (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Interscalene brachial plexus block was found to be more effective than intra-articular local anesthetic injection for postoperative analgesia