Higher-order aberrations following wavefront-guided photorefractive keratectomy and laser in situ keratomileusis

Background: We aimed to evaluate higher-order aberrations (HOAs) following wavefront-guided photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) and laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) in patients with myopia and myopic astigmatism. Methods: This retrospective observational case-control study included patients who underwent wavefront-guided PRK (40 eyes of 20 patients) or LASIK (40 eyes of 20 patients) between August 2018 and November 2018 at the refractive surgery unit of Kayseri City Hospital Eye Clinic, Turkey. The corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), manifest refraction, corneal topography, and HOAs were evaluated preoperatively and 3 months postoperatively in all patients. Results: The mean age ± standard deviation (SD) was 27.13 ± 5.54 years and 29.10 ± 4.38 years in the PRK and LASIK groups, respectively (P = 0.06). Both groups had a mean CDVA of 1.00. The mean ± SD of spherical and spherical equivalent values was -2.09 ± 1.56 diopter (D) and -3.03 ± 1.72 D in the PRK group and -2.23 ± 1.69 D and -3.35 ± 1.71 D in the LASIK group, respectively (P = 0.58). When the preoperative and postoperative HOAs and root mean square (RMS) values (for a 6-mm pupil diameter) were compared in the PRK group, a significant difference was found in vertical coma and total RMS values (P = 0.003 and P ˂ 0.001, respectively); in the LASIK group, there was a significant difference in preoperative and postoperative vertical coma and total RMS values (P = 0.0.001 and P ˂ 0.001, respectively). There was no significant difference in preoperative and postoperative vertical coma values between the two groups (P = 0.735 and P = 0.583, respectively). Conclusions: In terms of HOAs, total RMS values decreased significantly and vertical coma values increased significantly at 3 months postoperatively in both PRK and LASIK groups. However, there were no differences between the two groups

Pengembangan Model Baterai Timbal Asam Berbasis Kecerdasan Buatan

Pada makalah ini dijelaskan sebuah pengembangan model baterai timbal asam untuk meningkatkan kinerja mobil listrik. Pengembangan model baterai timbal asam berbasis kecerdasan buatan pada penelitian awal dapat memetakan model baterai dengan ketelitian 0,99977. Metode ini dapat menentukan model baterai yang diperlukan oleh mobil listrik sehingga kekhawatiran akan pemakaian mobil listrik yang tiba-tiba kehabisan energi listrik diperjalanan dapat diantisipasi

Investigations on biological characteristics of Pseudococcus comstocki (Kuwana) (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) on different two mulberry species and different temperatures

WOS: 000338003600008Asiatic originated Pseudococcus comstocki (Kuwana), the Comstock mealybug (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) is polyphagous cosmopolite species. Nowadays it is spreading through to Europe and becoming wide distribution. In this study, the developmental time, survival and fecundity of P. comstocki on two mulberry species (Morus alba and M. nigra) (Moraceae) were studied at four different temperatures (18 +/- 1, 23 +/- 1, 28 +/- 1 and 20-32 degrees C) and thermal constant was calculated. According to results, it appears that performance of P. comstocki and, consequently, its population increase were affected by feeding with different mulberry species and at different temperatures, and M. nigra seems to be more likely susceptible to the mealybug than M. alba in each temperatures because it displayed the highest performance on this host plant. The results showed that the population on M. nigra (r(m) = 0.123 female/female/day; R-0 = 108.933 female/female; T-0= 38.160 day; DT= 5.639 day) developed better than that on M. alba (r(m)= 0.115 female/female/day; R-0= 84.281 female/female; T-0= 38.600 day; DT= 6.032 day) at 28 degrees C. It was found that there was an inverse relationship between the growth period of the population and the temperature, development of the mealybug becoming fully grown was the fastest on both Morus species at 28 degrees C. The threshold for development (t) and the thermal constant (ThC) of the mealybug on M. nigra was determined as 7.87 degrees C, K = 513 degree-days respectively; while on M. a/ba, these parameters were found to be 7.76 degrees C and K = 518 degree-days respectively

Takotsubo cardiomyopathy in a patient with subacute sclerosing panencephalitis and type 1 diabetes mellitus

Takotsubo cardiomyopathy (TTC) is a rare clinical syndrome and is associated with intense emotional and physical stress. It has been demonstrated that TTC may be triggered by sepsis, however there is no data relation between type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM), subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) and TTC. We present a patient with TTC who was previously diagnosed SSPE and type 1 DM and was admitted to emergency service with sepsis which is triggered by aspiration pnomonia. [Med-Science 2018; 7(2.000): 441-2

Evaluation of lamina cribrosa thickness in patients diagnosed with central retinal vein occlusion

Purpose To evaluate the thickness of lamina cribrosa (LC) in both eyes of patients with unilateral central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) and to compare with eyes of age-matched healthy control subjects. Methods This prospective case-control study included a total of 38 patients with unilateral CRVO and 42 healthy control subjects. The LC thickness was measured at the center of the optic disc using an enhanced depth imaging with the spectral domain optical coherence tomography in both eyes of patients with unilateral CRVO and eyes of healthy control subjects. The LC thickness of CRVO patients was evaluated one month after dexamethasone intravitreal implant (Ozurdex) injection. Results The mean LC thickness in affected eyes of patients with CRVO was significantly thinner than that of the healthy eyes (204.4 +/- 8.8 and 228.0 +/- 7.1 mu m, p < 0.001, respectively). Also, the unaffected fellow eyes had significantly thinner LC compared with eyes of healthy subjects (205.3 +/- 9.3 and 228.0 +/- 7.1 mu m, p < 0.001, respectively). There was no statistically significant difference in the thickness of LC between the affected and unaffected fellow eyes (p = 0.669). Conclusions The LC thickness in both eyes of CRVO patients was thinner than that of the healthy eyes. This finding suggests that thin LC may contribute to the development of CRVO as an ocular risk factor in addition to systemic factors

Effect of torsional mode phacoemulsification on cornea in eyes with/without pseudoexfoliation

AIM: To evaluate the effect of torsional mode phacoemulsification on central corneal thickness, corneal endothelial cell density, and morphology in eyes with/without pseudoexfoliation (PEX) syndrome. METHODS: Fourty-two consecutive patients with and 42 patients without PEX as a control group scheduled for cataract surgery was studied. Phacoemulsification, using OZiL IP system, was performed with quick chop technique. Using noncontact specular microscopy, the central endothelial cell density (ECD), coefficient of variation, percentage of hexagonal cells, and the central corneal thickness (CCT) were evaluated preoperatively and postoperatively at 1, 7 and 30d. RESULTS: The ECD in PEX syndrome was statistically significantly lower than that in the control group preoperatively and postoperatively (P≤0.001). Percentage change in ECD was statistically significantly higher in PEX than that in control group after surgery follow up (P≤0.04). There was no statistically significant difference between both groups comparing percentage of hexagonal cells and coefficient of variation in the cell size before and after the surgery. At 1 and 7d after surgery, percentage change in CCT was statistically significantly higher in PEX group than that in the control group (P≤0.041). CONCLUSION: Although torsional mode phacoemulsification and intraocular lens (IOL) implantation provided a safe and favorable surgical outcome in patients with/without PEX, torsional phacoemulsification led to significantly higher ECD loss in the PEX group than that in the control group during the whole follow up period. In addition, more corneal swelling in the PEX group than that in the control group during the early postoperative period has indicated that the corneal endothelium, in presence of PEX endotheliopathy, seems to be more susceptible to the effects of phacoemulsification surgery in eyes with PEX. The increased risk of anterior chamber manipulations in patients with PEX should be taken into account for an increased risk of bullous keratopathy

Diagnostic and Management Strategies of Bietti Crystalline Dystrophy: Current Perspectives

Bietti crystalline dystrophy (BCD) is a rare, genetically determined chorioretinal dystrophy presenting with intraretinal crystalline deposits and varying degrees of progressive chorioretinal atrophy commencing at the posterior pole. In some cases, there can be concomitant corneal crystals noted first in the superior or inferior limbus. CYP4V2 gene, a member of the cytochrome P450 family is responsible for the disease and more than 100 mutations have been defined thus far. However, a genotype-phenotype correlation has not been established yet. Visual impairment commonly occurs between the second and third decades of life. By the fifth or sixth decade of life, vision loss can become so severe that the patient may potentially become legally blind. Multitudes of multimodal imaging modalities can be utilized to demonstrate the clinical features, course, and complications of the disease. This present review aims to reiterate the clinical features of BCD, update the clinical perspectives with the help of multimodal imaging techniques, and overview its genetic background with future therapeutic approaches