The Effect of Mulch and Fertilizer on Soil Temperature of a Potato Growth

The aim of this research is to investigate the effect of the temperature decrease by using mulch and fertilizer on the soil to potato. The study was conducted in November 2008 until June 2009 which was designed in a separate split plot design. The treatments consists of two factors and three replications, namely Factor I: The main plot consist of four treatments of mulch without mulch (Mo), Cover crops Arachis pintoi (Ma), rice straw mulch (Mj) and Black silver plastic mulch (Mp). Factor II: The sub-plot consists of three treatments: without fertilizer (P0), NPK 300 kg /ha (P1) and a combination of organic fertilizer 20 tons / ha nonorganic fertilizer (NPK), of 300 kg/ha (P2). The parameter was the surface erosion rate, the growth and production of potatoes, that were observed, that is environment components: 1) the measurement of soil temperature at night.and the plant component (the number of tubers). The study showed that all types of mulch effectively decrease soil temperature. The rice straw mulch ttreatment with a combination of organic and anorganic fertilizer produced the lowest soil temperature of 17.82 0C. It is capable of recording the soil temperature up to 6.43 0C. The treatment of types of mulch in combination with organic and anorganic fertilizer produced the highest number of tuber compared to other types of treatments. However, treatment types of mulch are given a combination of organic and anorganic fertilizer resulted in the highest number of tubers. Future work should focus on the use of mulch and fertilizer in getting the optimum growth of potato

Pemurnian Minyak Jelantah dengan Metode Adsorbsi Menggunakan Arang Aktif dari Serbuk Gergaji Kayu Ulin (Eusideroxylon zwageri)

Minyak goreng merupakan salah satu kebutuhan pokok manusia sebagai bahan pengolah makanan. Penggunaan minyak goreng secara berulang-ulang dan kontinyu pada proses penggorengan akan menurunkan kualitas minyak goreng. Salah satu upaya pengolahan minyak jelantah adalah dengan cara adsorpsi menggunakan arang aktif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh massa arang aktif dan waktu adsorbsi optimal dengan bahan baku serbuk gergaji kayu ulin terhadap penurunan bilangan peroksida,kadar air dan FFA pada minyak jelantah agar memenuhi standar SNI 01-3741:2013 . Arang aktif dari serbuk gergaji kayu ulin yang dikarbonisasi dengan furnace pada suhu 500°Cselama 1 jam lalu aktivasi kimia dengan aktivator H3PO4 10% selama 24 jam dan mengaktivasi fisika pada  suhu 550ºC selama 1 jam, adapun hasil uji proximate  kadar air 0,2498 %,kadar abu 0,1691 %, kadar volatile matter 5,4067  % dan daya serap iod sebesar 872,2509 mg/gr. Arang aktif yang diperoleh digunakan untuk mengadsorpsi minyak goreng bekas dengan variasi jumlah arang sebanyak 1,5 gram, 2,5 gram, 3,5 gram, 4,5 gram, 5,5 gram, 6,5 gram dan 7,5 gram dalam50 gram minyak jelantah variasi waktu adsorbsi 40, 60 dan 80 menit. Hasil terbaik dari penelitian ini adalah massa arang aktif 5,5 gram dan waktu adsorpsinya selama 80 menit dengan kadar air 0,0559 % dan daya serapnya sebesar 97,91 %, kadar FFA 0,5576 % dengan penurunan sebesar 84,15 % dan bilangan peroksida 2,4617 mek/kg dengan penurunan sebesar 89,15 %

Comparison Between Hydro- and Osmo-priming to Determine Period Needed for Priming Indicator and Its Effect on Germination Percentage of Aerobic Rice Cultivars (Oryza Sativa L.)

This study compared hydro- and osmo-priming to determine period needed for seed priming indicator to emerge and its effect against water stress on germination percentage of some aerobic rice cultivars (Oryza sativa L.). Experiments were arranged in completely randomized design using three aerobic rice cultivars and PEG with four replications. Rice varieties (Inpago-8, IR64 and Situ Bagendit) were combined with four different PEG concentrations. Drought stress was simulated by different PEG solutions and with distilled water as control. Results indicated differentiations between hydro and on priming indicator time, while varietal difference was not significant. Fastest recorded time was obtained between 30-36 hours under hydro priming, PEG 100 g L-1 (63-69 hours) and 83-93 hours in PEG 200 g L-1 solution. Thus showing increased solution concentration led to prolonged priming indicator time. The highest germination percentage was obtained in Situ Bagendit treated with PEG 200 mg L-1 (90.25%) and the lowest obtained in Inpago-8 (75.75%) under control. It is better to use osmo-priming (PEG 200 g L-1) for teaching aerobic rice seed against drought stress. More research is needed to confirm benefits of seed treatment with PEG to cultivated crops under water stress, drought and salinity conditions

The Ecology of Sulawesi

xxii,778hal.;21c

The ecology of Sulawesi/ Whitten

vii, 777 hal.: ill.; 21 cm

The ecology of Sulawesi/ Whitten

vii, 777 hal.: ill.; 21 cm

The ecology of Sulawesi/ Whitten

vii, 777 hal.: ill.; 21 cm

The ecology of sulawesi

xxi,777hal.;21cm

Landslide Susceptibility Zonation Model On Jeneberang Watershed Using Geographical Information System and Analytical Hierarchy Process

The area of Jeneberang Watershed is prone to \ud landslides due to geologic, geomorphologic and rainfall \ud characteristics of the region. In 2004, a huge caldera wall of the \ud watershed collapsed in the Eastern part resulting in infrastructure \ud damage, human casualties and sequence disaster as debris flow. \ud Potential landslides still occur in the future. It is necessary to \ud conduct research to prepare a landslide susceptibility map of the \ud region. The objectives of this study are as follows: firstly, to \ud investigate the contributing parameters induced land sliding in \ud the Jeneberang watershed and secondly, to construct landslide \ud susceptibility zonation map. In this study, the analytical hierarchy \ud process (AHP) based on Geographical Information System (GIS) \ud methods were used to produce map of landslide susceptibility. \ud Data layers such as elevation, slope aspect, slope steepness, \ud proximity to road, proximity to river, litho logy, lineaments, soil \ud texture, rainfall, land use or land cover and landslide inventory \ud were extracted from various sources and used to calculate index of \ud landslide susceptibility. The study area was classified into five \ud hazard classification namely: very low, low moderate, high and \ud very high. The percentage distribution of landslide degrees was \ud calculated. It was found that about 28.40% of the study area is \ud classified as very and high susceptibility. The result of this study is \ud useful for preparing landslide mitigation efforts through a \ud comprehensive planning schem