Hadronic modes in the quark plasma with an internal symmetry

We show that requiring the quark partition function to be color singlet of SU(3) color gauge group leads to reordering the thermodynamic potential in terms of the colorless multi-quark modes ($q{\bar q}, qqq, {\bar q}{\bar q}{\bar q}, ...$) at any given temperature. In accord with the "preconfinement" property of QCD, under a suitable confining mechanism, these could evolve into color singlet hadrons/baryons at low temperatures. At fairly high temperatures these multi-quark color singlet structures propagate in the plasma like hadronic modes, just as in the more familiar low temperature phase. This suggests that there exists a strong correlation in the plasma at all temperatures which is in conformity with lattice results.Comment: 4 pages, no figures, two additional authors, little modification in the text and replaced version will appear in Euro. Phys. Jour.

Energy gain of heavy quarks by fluctuations in the QGP

The collisional energy gain of a heavy quark due to chromo-electromagnetic field fluctuations in a quark-gluon plasma is investigated. The field fluctuations lead to an energy gain of the quark for all temperatures and velocities. The net effect is a reduction of the collisional energy loss by 15-40% for parameters relevant at RHIC energies.Comment: 6 pages, 4 figures, extended version, accepted for publication in Phys. Rev.

The displaced plantation workers: A case study of rubber estates in Kedah

Eviction of plantation workers, due to the development of estate lands and changing land ownerships, has been a big and unresolved issue. Many plantation areas have been sold to make way either for housing projects or industrial sites. When an estate is sold, the estate workers lose not only their jobs, but also their homes and additional sources of income from farming and animal husbandry. They are also entitled to receive termination benefits. The majority of these displaced workers have skills only in the agricultural sector and many of them are old aged. The main objective of this study was to analysis the socioeconomic situations of the displaced workers due to the development of the rubber estate lands in Kedah. The snowball sampling method was used to identify the respondents. The survey was based on 11 estates and 349 ex-workers of these estates were interviewed. The areas of this study were in Sungai Petani and Kulim. The results clearly showed that the majority of the evicted workers migrated to locations that were on average around 3km from their original estates. The majority of them worked with private sector companies upon their evictions. However, many of them are still in their estate houses, waiting for better compensation to be paid in the form of new houses elsewhere. It is suggested in this paper that the compensation should be in terms of home ownership, provided jointly by the government and firms. There have also been some suggestions to solve the issue through programmes provided by the Ministry of Agriculture

Wakes in a Collisional Quark-Gluon Plasma

Wakes created by a parton moving through a static and infinitely extended quark-gluon plasma are considered. In contrast to former investigations collisions within the quark-gluon plasma are taken into account using a transport theoretical approach (Boltzmann equation) with a Bhatnagar-Gross-Krook collision term. Within this model it is shown that the wake structure changes significantly compared to the collisionless case.Comment: 16 pages, 4 figures, high resolution figures available from the authors, final version to be published in J. Phys.

Study of association of dry eye with diabetes mellitus

Background: Aim of the study was to evaluate the tear status in diabetes mellitus (DM) patient. Methods: This study was a prospective observational case control study. Eighty patients with DM aged from 50 to 80 years were compared with a group of 80 normal healthy age matched control group. A general ophthalmological check-up was performed. The main points of comparison were subjective complaints, objective findings on basic Schirmer test, break-up time, Rose Bengal test. Results: The results show that 27.5% of all diabetic subjects accompanied of dry eye symptoms, as against 6.25% of the control group. A mean BUT value was 15.5s and Standard Error was 0.20. In the control group mean BUT value was 14s and standard error was 0.23. Basic Schirmer test in DM group mean value was 9.50 mm and SE was 0.268. In the control group mean basic Schirmer test value was 15 mm and SE was 0.405. Rose Bengal test score in DM group, normal score (score <3) was found in 80% case and abnormal score (score >3) was found in 20%. In the control group, normal score was found in 93.75% and abnormal score was found in 6.25% case. Dry eye percentage in DM group 11.25% had definitive dry eye, 16.25% cases had possible dry eye and 72.5% cases had no dry eye. In control group 2.50% cases had definitive dry eye, 3.75% cases had possible dry eye and 93.75% had no dry eye. Conclusions: The study shows that dry eye is associated with DM

Modified almost unbiased two-parameter estimator for the Poisson regression model with an application to accident data

Due to the large amount of accidents negatively affecting the wellbeing of the survivors and their families, a substantial amount of research is conducted to determine the causes of road accidents. This type of data come in the form of non-negative integers and may be modelled using the Poisson regression model. Unfortunately, the commonly used maximum likelihood estimator is unstable when the explanatory variables of the Poisson regression model are highly correlated. Therefore, this paper proposes a new almost unbiased estimator which reduces the instability of the maximum likelihood estimator and at the same time produce smaller mean squared error. We study the statistical properties of the proposed estimator and a simulation study has been conducted to compare the performance of the estimators in the smaller mean squared error sense. Finally, Swedish traffic fatality data are analyzed to show the benefit of the proposed method

Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: The Future Frontier of Hepatology for South Asia

This review is to know the magnitude of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) among general population and risk group populations of the South Asian countries. A thorough search of evidence-based literature was conducted using the PubMed database with key words. Databases searched from inception to February 2017. Systematic search of the literature was conducted for studies pertaining. Prevalence of NAFLD in South Asia varies from 13 to 34%. The Highest rate is in Bangladesh (34.34%) and lowest in Pakistan (13.5%). Prevalence of NAFLD is 15–80% among obese people, 25–60% with dyslipidemia and 33–55% in pre diabetics and diabetics. Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is present in about 50% of the NAFLD cases that can lead to fibrosis, cirrhosis or even hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). NAFLD is not the disease for only obese people, but it is also common in nonobese in this region. About 11.11% hepatocellular carcinoma developed from NASH. Incidence rate of diabetes and coronary artery disease is high among NAFLD patients. NAFLD is becoming a future challenge for South Asia region. Prevalence and severity has been remarkably increasing for last few years. The health system should get ready to confront burden of NAFLD in future for South Asia

Regional disparities, income inequality, and poverty: A cumulative causation from Malaysia's experience

Changes in economic structure are normally associated with an economy's transformation from an emphasis on agriculture to a more modern, more urbanized, and more industrially diverse manufacturing and services economy. Structural change refers to the relative importance of sectors in the economy such as production and factor use, increases in the rate of accumulation, shifts in the sectoral composition of economic activities (industrialization) focusing initially on the allocation of employment, change in location of economic activities (urbanization) and accompanying demographic transition, decreasing poverty, and inequality in income distribution