Coherent μ-e Conversion at Next-to-Leading Order

We analyze next-to-leading-order (NLO) corrections and uncertainties for coherent μ−e conversion. The analysis is general, but numerical results focus on ^(27)Al, which will be used in the Muon-to-electron conversion (Mu2e) experiment. We obtain a simple expression for the branching ratio in terms of Wilson coefficients associated with possible physics beyond the standard model and a set of model-independent parameters determined solely by standard model dynamics. For scalar-mediated conversion, we find that NLO two-nucleon contributions can significantly decrease the branching ratio, potentially reducing the rate by as much as 50%. The pion-nucleon σ term and quark masses give the dominant sources of parametric uncertainty in this case. For vector-mediated conversion, the impact of NLO contributions is considerably less severe, while the present theoretical uncertainties are comparable to parametric uncertainties

Coherent μ-e Conversion at Next-to-Leading Order

We analyze next-to-leading-order (NLO) corrections and uncertainties for coherent μ−e conversion. The analysis is general, but numerical results focus on ^(27)Al, which will be used in the Muon-to-electron conversion (Mu2e) experiment. We obtain a simple expression for the branching ratio in terms of Wilson coefficients associated with possible physics beyond the standard model and a set of model-independent parameters determined solely by standard model dynamics. For scalar-mediated conversion, we find that NLO two-nucleon contributions can significantly decrease the branching ratio, potentially reducing the rate by as much as 50%. The pion-nucleon σ term and quark masses give the dominant sources of parametric uncertainty in this case. For vector-mediated conversion, the impact of NLO contributions is considerably less severe, while the present theoretical uncertainties are comparable to parametric uncertainties

Probing Nucleon Strangeness with Neutrinos: Nuclear Model Dependences

The extraction of the nucleon's strangeness axial charge, Delta_s, from inclusive, quasielastic neutral current neutrino cross sections is studied within the framework of the plane-wave impulse approximation. We find that the value of Delta_s can depend significantly on the choice of nuclear model used in analyzing the quasielastic cross section. This model-dependence may be reduced by one order of magnitude when Delta_s is extracted from the ratio of total proton to neutron yields. We apply this analysis to the interpretation of low-energy neutrino cross sections and arrive at a nuclear theory uncertainty of plus/minus 0.03 on the value of Delta_s expected to be determined from the ratio of proton and neutron yields measured by the LSND collaboration. This error compares favorably with estimates of the SU(3)-breaking uncertainty in the value of Delta_s extracted from inclusive, polarized deep-inelastic structure function measurements. We also point out several general features of the quasielastic neutral current neutrino cross section and compare them with the analogous features in inclusive, quasielastic electron scattering.Comment: 40 pages (including 11 postscript figures), uses REVTeX and epsfig.st

Strange vector form factors of the nucleon in the SU(3) chiral quark-soliton model with the proper kaonic cloud

The strange vector form factors are evaluated in the range between $Q^2=0$ and Q^2=1\ \mbox{GeV}^2 in the framework of the SU(3) chiral quark-soliton model (or semi-bosonized SU(3) Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model). The rotational $1/N_c$ and $m_s$ corrections are taken into account up to linear order. Taking care of a proper Yukawa-tail of the kaonic cloud, we get \langle r^{2}\rangle^{\rm Sachs}_{s}=-0.095\; \mbox{fm}^2 and $\mu_s = -0.68\;\mu_N$. The results are compared with several different models.Comment: 27 pages with 8 figures. RevTeX and epsfig.sty are used. Submitted to Nucl. Phys.

Deuteron Electroweak Disintegration

We study the deuteron electrodisintegration with inclusion of the neutral currents focusing on the helicity asymmetry of the exclusive cross section in coplanar geometry. We stress that a measurement of this asymmetry in the quasi elastic region is of interest for an experimental determination of the weak form factors of the nucleon, allowing one to obtain the parity violating electron neutron asymmetry. Numerically, we consider the reaction at low momentum transfer and discuss the sensitivity of the helicity asymmetry to the strangeness radius and magnetic moment. The problems coming from the finite angular acceptance of the spectrometers are also considered.Comment: 30 pages, Latex, 7 eps figures, submitted to Phys.Rev.C e-mail: [email protected] , [email protected]

Many-Body Currents and the Strange-Quark Content of 4he

Meson-exchange current (MEC) contributions to the parity-violating (PV) asymmetry for elastic scattering of polarized electrons from $^4$He are calculated over a range of momentum transfer using Monte Carlo methods and a variational $^4$He ground state wavefunction. The results indicate that MEC's generate a negligible contribution to the asymmetry at low-|\qv|, where a determination of the nucleon's mean square strangeness radius could be carried out at CEBAF. At larger values of momentum transfer -- beyond the first diffraction minimum -- two-body corrections from the $\rho$-$\pi$ \lq\lq strangeness charge" operator enter the asymmetry at a potentially observable level, even in the limit of vanishing strange-quark matrix elements of the nucleon. For purposes of constraining the nucleon's strangeness electric form factor, theoretical uncertainties associated with these MEC contributions do not appear to impose serious limitations.Comment: 32 TEX pages and 7 figures (not included, available from authors upon request), CEBAF Preprint #TH-94-1

Locality of the Strange Sea in the Nucleon

We introduce the concept of ``locality" for the strange sea in the nucleon, which measures proximity of the strange and anti-strange quarks in the momentum and coordinate spaces. The CCFR data for the strange and anti-strange distributions imply a ``local" strange sea in the momentum space, which is unexpected in QCD and is at variance with the simple meson-cloud model where the strangeness is generated from the virtual transition of the nucleon to a hyperon plus a kaon. We present a simple model to interpret the CCFR data and to correlate momentum and coordinate space locality, yielding an upper bound of 0.005 fm$^2$ on the strange radius. We also discuss significances of locality for other charge-conjugation-odd observables.Comment: 9 pages in REVTeX (more accurate data), with 4 PostScript fig

Mapping genes with longitudinal phenotypes via Bayesian posterior probabilities

Most association studies focus on disease risk, with less attention paid to disease progression or severity. These phenotypes require longitudinal data. This paper presents a new method for analyzing longitudinal data to map genes in both population-based and family-based studies. Using simulated systolic blood pressure measurements obtained from Genetic Analysis Workshop 18, we cluster the phenotype data into trajectory subgroups. We then use the Bayesian posterior probability of being in the high subgroup as a quantitative trait in an association analysis with genotype data. This method maintains high power (\u3e80%) in locating genes known to affect the simulated phenotype for most specified significance levels (a). We believe that this method can be useful to aid in the discovery of genes that affect severity or progression of disease

The SAMPLE Experiment and Weak Nucleon Structure

One of the key elements to understanding the structure of the nucleon is the role of its quark-antiquark sea in its ground state properties such as charge, mass, magnetism and spin. In the last decade, parity-violating electron scattering has emerged as an important tool in this area, because of its ability to isolate the contribution of strange quark-antiquark pairs to the nucleon's charge and magnetism. The SAMPLE experiment at the MIT-Bates Laboratory, which has been focused on s-sbar contributions to the proton's magnetic moment, was the first of such experiments and its program has recently been completed. In this paper we give an overview of some of the experimental aspects of parity-violating electron scattering, briefly review the theoretical predictions for strange quark form factors, summarize the SAMPLE measurements, and place them in context with the program of experiments being carried out at other electron scattering facilities such as Jefferson Laboratory and the Mainz Microtron.Comment: 61 pages, review articl