Peripheral Artery Disease and Osteoporosis

The frequency of peripheral arterial disease (PAD) increases with advancing age similar to that of osteoporosis [1], which is the most common bone disease worldwide and a growing public health issue for the aging population. Thus, a better understanding of osteoporosis and related problems are of utmost importance. According to World Health Organization criteria, diagnosis of osteoporosis is based on bone mineral density (BMD) values or presence of osteoporotic fractures [2].</p

Akut kolanjit seyrinde lökositlerde döhle benzeri edinsel ınklüzyonlar

[No abstract available

Does ABO blood type is a novel risk factor for osteoporosis or low bone density among postmenopausal women or not?

ABO blood types may cause a vulnerability to individuals for conditions such as malignancies or chronic diseases. However, the interaction of ABO blood types and osteoporosis is inexplicit. In this study, we focused on the role of ABO blood types on bone health by comparing bone mineral density (BMD), and the prevalence of low bone mass (LBM) and osteoporosis among postmenopausal women. Non-institutionalized postmenopausal women aged over 50 years were prospectively enrolled in the study following the measurement of BMD by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). The prevalence of osteoporosis and LBM were interpreted according to T scores of either site. Self-reported blood types of participants were noted. The study included 220 postmenopausal women, and the median age of participants were 59 (11) years (min:50 years, and max:82 years). The mean BMD values at the lumbar spine, femoral total, and femoral neck of participants were 0.821±0.118 g/cm2, 0.810±0.121 g/cm2, and 0.716±0.112 g/cm2, respectively. Both mean BMD and T scores of enrollees for either site were similar across blood types (p-value &gt;0.05 for all). The prevalence of osteoporosis and LBM showed no significant association between blood groups (p=0.45, and p=0.226, respectively).The present study showed evidence of a similar BMD, the prevalence of LBM, and osteoporosis among postmenopausal women over 50 years regardless of ABO blood type. [Med-Science 2022; 11(2.000): 672-6

The efficacy of immunotherapy and chemoimmunotherapy in patients with advanced rare tumors: A Turkish oncology group (TOG) study

Abstract Introduction The advances in immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) were relatively slow in rare tumors. Therefore, we conducted a multi‐center study evaluating the efficacy of ICI monotherapy and the combination of ICIs with chemotherapy (CT) in patients with advanced rare tumors. Methods In this retrospective cohort study, we included 93 patients treated with ICIs for NCI‐defined rare tumors from the 12 cancer centers in Turkey. The primary endpoints were the overall response (ORR) and disease control rate (DCR). Results The cohort's median age was 56, and 53.8% of the patients were male. The most frequent diagnosis was sarcoma (29%), and 81.7% of the patients were previously treated with at least one line of systemic therapy in the advanced stage. The ORR and DCR were 36.8% and 63.2%, respectively. The germ cell tumors had the lowest ORR (0%), while the Merkel cell carcinoma had the highest ORR to ICIs (57.1%). Patients treated with ICI + ICI or ICI plus chemotherapy combinations had higher ORR (55.2% vs. 27.6%, p = 0.012) and DCR (82.8% vs. 53.4%, p = 0.008). The median OS was 13.47 (95% CI: 7.79–19.15) months, and the six and 12‐month survival rates were 71% and 52%. The median duration of response was 16.59 months, and the 12‐month progression‐free survival rate was 66% in responders. The median time‐to‐treatment failure was 5.06 months (95% CI: 3.42–6.71). Three patients had high‐grade irAEs with ICIs (grade 3 colitis, grade 3 gastritis, and grade 3 encephalitis in one patient each). Conclusion We observed over 30% ORR and a 13‐month median OS in patients with rare cancers treated with ICI monotherapy or ICI plus CT combinations. The response rates to ICIs or ICIs plus CT significantly varied across different tumor types. Responding patients had over 2 years of survival, highlighting a need for further trials with ICIs for patients with rare tumors

Clinical outcomes of cyclin-dependent kinase 4-6 (CDK 4-6) inhibitors in patients with male breast cancer: A multicenter study

Background: Since breast cancer is less common in men than in women, data on the use of new therapeutic agents, including cyclin-dependent kinase 4-6 (CDK 4-6) inhibitors, are limited in patients with metastatic hormone receptor positive (HR+), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative (HER2-) male breast cancer. Therefore; we aimed to investigate the treatment responses of metastatic HR+, HER2-male breast cancer patients treated with CDK 4-6 inhibitors in a multicenter real-life cohort. Methods: Male patients with a diagnosis of HR+ and HER2-metastatic breast cancer, treated with any CDK 4-6 inhibitor, were included in the study. Demographic and clinical characteristics of the patients were recorded. We aimed to determine progression-free survival (PFS) time, response rates and drug related side effects. Results: A total 25 patients from 14 institutions were recruited. The mean age at diagnosis was 57 years. Median follow-up was 19.53 (95% CI: 14.04-25.02) months. The overall response rate was 60%. While the median PFS was 20.6 months in the whole cohort, it wasn't reached in those using CDK 4-6 inhibitors in first line and 10 months in the subsequent lines (p:0.009). No new adverse events were encountered. Conclusion: In our study, we found that CDK 4-6 inhibitors are effective and safe options in men with HR+ and HER2-metastatic breast cancer as in women. Our results support the use of CDK 4-6 inhibitor-based combinations in the first-line treatment of HR+ and HER2-metastatic male breast cancer

Treatment outcomes and prognostic factors in patients with driver mutant non-small cell lung cancer and de novo brain metastases

Abstract Central nervous system (CNS) metastases can be seen at a rate of 30% in advanced stages for patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Growing evidence indicates the predictive roles of driver gene mutations in the development of brain metastases (BM) in recent years, meaning that oncogene-driven NSCLC have a high incidence of BM at diagnosis. Today, 3rd generation targeted drugs with high intracranial efficacy, which can cross the blood–brain barrier, have made a positive contribution to survival for these patients with an increased propensity to BM. It is important to update the clinical and pathological factors reflected in the survival with real-life data. A multi-center, retrospective database of 306 patients diagnosed with driver mutant NSCLC and initially presented with BM between between November 2008 and September 2022 were analyzed. The median progression-free survival (mPFS) was 12.25 months (95% CI, 10–14.5). While 254 of the patients received tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI), 51 patients received chemotherapy as first line treatment. The median intracranial PFS (iPFS) was 18.5 months (95% CI, 14.8–22.2). The median overall survival (OS) was 29 months (95% CI, 25.2–33.0). It was found that having 3 or less BM and absence of extracranial metastases were significantly associated with better mOS and iPFS. The relationship between the size of BM and survival was found to be non-significant. Among patients with advanced NSCLC with de novo BM carrying a driver mutation, long-term progression-free and overall survival can be achieved with the advent of targeted agents with high CNS efficacy with more conservative and localized radiotherapy modalities

Major and minor salivary gland cancers: A multicenter retrospective study

Background: Most of the studies on salivary gland cancers are limited for various reasons such as being single-center, small number of patients, including only major or minor SGCs, or only including epidemiological data. Methods: A total of 37 medical oncology clinics from different regions of Turkey participated in this retrospective-multicenter study. The analyzed data included clinical and demographical features, primary treatment, metastasis localizations, and treatments and includes certain pathologic features. Results: The study included data from a total of 443 SGCs. 56.7% was in major salivary glands and 43.3% was in minor salivary glands. Distant metastasis in the major SGCs was statistically significantly more common than in the minor SGCs, locoregional recurrence was statistically significantly more common in the minor SGCs than in the major SGCs (p = 0.003). Conclusions: Epidemiological information, metastasis and recurrence patterns, treatment modalities, and survival analysis of the patients over 20 years of follow-up are presented

Treatment efficacy of ribociclib or palbociclib plus letrozole in hormone receptor-positive/HER2-negative metastatic breast cancer.

Background: Ribociclib, palbociclib and abemaciclib are currently approved CDK4/6 inhibitors along with aromatase inhibitors as the first-line standard-of-care for patients with hormone receptor-positive, HER2-negative metastatic breast cancer. Methods: The authors report retrospective real-life data for 600 patients with estrogen receptor- and/or progesterone receptor-positive and HER2-negative metastatic breast cancer who were treated with ribociclib and palbociclib in combination with letrozole. Results & conclusion: The results demonstrated that the combination of palbociclib or ribociclib with letrozole has similar progression-free survival and overall survival benefit in real life for the patient group with similar clinical features. Specifically, endocrine sensitivity may be a factor to be considered in the treatment preference