UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIMIKROBA EKSTRAK DIETIL ETER AKAR ANTING-ANTING (Acalypha australis L.) SECARA KLT-BIOAUTOGRAFI

A research had been done of antimicrobial activity of Anting-anting (Acalypha australis L.). The preliminary research was done by screening test using Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhi, Streptococcus mutans, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Pseudomonas aeroginosa, Escherichia coli, Vibrio sp, Bacillus subtilis and Candida albicans  toward extract of ethanol, dietyl eter and n-butanol of anting-anting (Acalypha australis L.) wich were use in 1 mg/ml.  The result showed that the dietil eter extract inhibit growth of bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis and Salmonella typhi. The test Antimicrobial activity toward dietil eter extract of Gamal (Glyricidia sepium (Jacq).Steud.) was done by using  the liquid dilution  methode to find out the MIC value in concentration 0,00625%, 0,025%, 0,1%, 0,4% and 1,6% continued by spreading on solid medium to find out the MKC value. The result showed that MIC toward to Staphylococcus aureus is 0,025%, Eschericia coli is 0,1%, Bacillus subtilis is 0,025%, and Salmonella thypii is 0,025%. While MKC  toward to Staphylococcus aureus is 1,6%, Escherichia coli is 0,4%, Bacillus subtilis is 0,025%, and Salmonella thypii is 0,1%. The TLC-Bioautography technique was used to predict the active constituents. The best result  has been obtained from separating by means TLC which used mixture of n-hexane : ethyl acetate (3:1). The result of TLC-Bioautografi showed that the spot in Rf 0,27 and Rf 0,36 given the activity antimkrobial toward Escherchia coli, Rf 0,36 toward Bacillus subtilis, and Rf 0,45 toward Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella typhi. The identification result of the chemical component shown that the actif compound wich given positif result as fenol on spot in Rf 0,27 and 0,36 and the active compound wich given positif result as steroid on spot in Rf 0,45.Key word : Aktivitas antimikroba, Skrining, KLT-Bioautografi, Anting-anting (Acalypha australis L.

Aktivitas Antiinflamasi Ekstrak Etanolik Daun Arbenan [Duchesnea indica (Jacks.) Focke]

Arbenan leaf is a medicinal plant that used in the healing of inflammation. The content of phenolic compounds, flavonoids, steroids and tannins contained in arbenan plants which play an important role in alternative medicine. Currently, scientific work of phytotherapy is an important alternative route in finding effective natural medicines with minimal side effects. The aim of this study was to determine the phytochemical properties and to determine the anti-inflammatory effect of arbenan leaf [Duchesnea indica (Jacks.) Focke] extract. In this study, nine male Wistar rats were tested in three treatment groups. Group I Na CMC, group II Na diclofenac and group III arbenan leaf extract. Inflammation in rats by inducing 1% carrageenan as much as 0.10 mL. The volume of edema per hour is known from the difference in the volume of the foot at certain hours with the volume of the normal foot. The AUC value of edema volume was calculated by the trapezoid method every one hour and the percen of anti-inflammatory power was calculated. The statistical analysis of the Least Significance Different (LSD) AUC value from the edema volume data showed that the two treatment groups, namely the Na diclofenac and the arbenan leaf extract group, were significantly different from the Na CMC group (P <0.05). So that both treatment groups have anti-inflammatory effects. The results showed that the ethanolik extract of arbenan leaves contained phenolic compounds, flavonoids and tannins. Then the ethanolic extract of arbenan leaves has anti-inflammatory activity of 0.31%

FORMULASI DAN EVALUASI MASKER GEL PEEL-OFF EKSTRAK ETANOL KULIT BUAH APEL (Phyrus mallus L) SEBAGAI ANTIOKSIDAN

Antioxidants are substances that can fight the dangerous effects of free radicals or Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) that are formed as a result of oxidative metabolism, which is the result of chemical reactions and metabolic processes that happen in the body. Antioxidant compounds can function as free radical scavengers, complex formers with metal antioxidants and function as reducing compounds. Peel-off mask is a cosmetic product that functions as a dead skin peel mechanically containing synthetic polymers that are quite safe and effective. The purpose of this study is to formulate and evaluate peel off gel masks from apple peel waste (Phyrus mallus L) as one of the stable free antiradicals. The peel off gel mask formulation was made through several stages, namely optimization, formulation and evaluation. This variation is done to optimize the effective base concentration to meet the criteria for the physical properties of the peel off mask pharmaceutically and can survive in shelf life through stability testing. The evaluation is based on physical parameters including organoleptic examination, homogeneity, viscosity measurement, determination of flow type,pH measurement, spreadability and drying time. The results of this study are apple peel extract can be formulated into peel off mask preparations with a PVA base of 2.5% and 5%. The peel off mask formulation of several variations of the PVA base concentration was concluded to be pharmaceutically stable based on the following parameters: In the pH test, PVA 2.5%=6.49; PVA 5%=6.47, In the dispersion test, the PVA spread value is 2.5%=6.7; PVA 5%=6.0, In the viscosity test, the value of PVA viscosity is 2.5%=28.27; PVA 5%=121.07.From all tests fulfilling the pharmacutics requirements and after the forced conditions did not experience significant change

SEDIAAN KRIM EKSTRAK AIR BUAH AREN (Arenga pinnata) SEBAGAI ANTIOKSIDAN

Palm fruit (Arenga pinnata) contains galactomannan which has the potential as an antioxidant activity with an IC50 value of 20,45 ppm. This study aims to produce cream dosage forms with antioxidant activity using the scaverry DPPH radical scavenger method from arenga pinnata water extract. Palm fruit water extract is formulated in cream form with variations in the concentration of stearic acid and triethanolamine emulgators in F1 (6:4), F2 (7:3), and F3 (8:2). Evaluation of physical stability includes organoleptic testing, homogeneity, pH, emulsion type, viscosity and type of flow carried out before and after forced conditions. In the statistical analysis of viscosity, the results of each formula showed no significant changes both before and after the conditions were forced. The results of the study obtained formula 2 and formula 3 has optimal stability. The stable formula was then tested for antioxidants using the DPPH (1,1-Diphenyl-2-Picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenger method. Formula 2 and formula 3 each yield a DPPH radical inhibition percentage of 65% and 48.04%.

FORMULASI DAN EVALUASI SALEP EKSTRAK DAUN GULMA SIAM (Chromolaena odorata L.) DENGAN VARIASI BASIS SALEP

Siam weed leaves are one of the plants that function as wound medicine. This study aims to produce a stable ointment dosage form. Siamese weed leaf extract is formulated in the form of ointment with a variety of bases consisting of a hydrocarbon base, absorption, water soluble and emulsion. Evaluation of physical stability includes organoleptic testing, homogeneity, pH, dispersion, viscosity and flow properties carried out before and after forced conditions. Forced conditions were carried out with stock storage for 10 cycles at 50 and 350. The results of the analysis showed that the viscosity of the preparations in all formulas changed after storage at 50 and 350 for 5 days. However, the statistical results show that all formulas did not experience significant changes between before and after the stress condition treatment

PROFIL PENGKAJIAN RESEP RACIKAN PASIEN PEDIATRI RAWAT JALAN DI APOTEK RSKD IBU DAN ANAK SITI FATIMAH KOTA MAKASSAR

Pengkajian resep merupakan kegiatan dalam pelayanan kefarmasian yang meliputi penerimaan resep sampai pemberian informasi kepada pasien baik pasien rawat jalan ataupun rawat inap. Dalam proses pelayanannya terdapat aspek-aspek yang harus dikaji, yaitu aspek administrasi, farmasetik, dan klinis. Pengkajian resep bertujuan untuk menelaah kesalahan yang mungkin muncul pada resep, sehingga tidak terjadi medication error. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian non eksperimental dengan rancangan penelitian deskriptif. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan pendekatan retrospektif. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh resep racikan pediatri di RSKD Ibu dan Anak Siti Fatimah Kota Makassar periode Januari-Maret 2023 yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi sebanyak 64 lembar resep. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan presentase kelengkapan aspek administrasi yaitu nama pasien (100%), umur pasien (100%), berat badan pasien (48,43%), tinggi badan pasien (0%), nama dokter (100%), nomor SIP dokter (100%), paraf dokter (37,5%), tanggal penerimaan resep (100%), ruangan unit asal resep (92,18%). Kesesuaian aspek farmasetik yaitu nama dan jumlah obat (100%), bentuk sediaan (73,43%), kekuatan sediaan (68,92%), dosis obat (85,65%), aturan dan cara penggunaan (96,87%), obat yang stabil berdasarkan higroskopisitas (70,57%) dan berdasarkan fotolisis (25,55%), kompatibilitas (100%). Kesesuaian aspek klinis yaitu duplikasi pengobatan (98,43%), ketepatan dosis (71,87%), dan interaksi obat (20,31%). Dapat disimpulkan bahwa dari semua aspek yang telah diteliti di RSKD Ibu dan Anak Siti Fatimah kota Makassar belum memenuhi standar berdasarkan Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan Republik Indonesia No. 72 Tahun 2016 tentang Standar Pelayanan Kefarmasian di Rumah Sakit

UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIMIKROBA EKSTRAK DIETIL ETER DAUN GAMAL (Glyricidia sepium (JACQ.) STEUD.) SECARA KLT-BIOAUTOGRAFI

Studies have been conducted testing the antimicrobial activity of leaf extracts gamal (Glyricidia sepium (Jacq.) Steud.). Preliminary research conducted by the screening test using the test microbe Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhi, Streptococcus mutans, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Vibrio sp, Bacillus subtilis and Candida albicans to extract ethanol, diethyl ether and n-butanol from leaf gamal (Glyricidia sepium (Jacq.) Steud.) with levels of 1 mg / ml. The results showed that the diethyl ether extract active has hampered the growth of microbes Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Streptococcus mutans, Salmonella typhi, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.Tests for antimicrobial activity against diethyl ether extracts of leaves gamal (Glyricidia sepium (Jack). Steud.) Carried out by liquid dilution method to determine the value of MIC at a concentration of 0.025%, 0.05%, 0.1%, 0.2%, 0, 4%, 0.8% and 1.6%, followed by etching in a solid medium to determine the price of teaching. The results showed that the MIC could not be determined due to turbidity test solution, while the price KBM 0.05% for Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi 0.4%, 0.8% for Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Streptococcus mutans and 1.6% for Staphylococcus aureus,To estimate the class of compounds that provide antimicrobial activity test carried out TLC-Bioautografi. Obtained the best results from the separation of compounds by TLC using the eluent n-hexan: ethyl acetate (2:1). TLC-Bioautografi test results showed that the spots with Rf 0.27 and Rf value of 0.363 provides antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli, Rf 0.363 against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Rf 0.45 against Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhi, and Streptococcus mutans. The results of identification of chemical components showed that the active compounds gave positive results in spotting penampak phenol group at Rf 0.27 and Rf 0.36 and Rf 0.45 on steroids.Key word: antimicrobial activity, screening, TLC-Bioautografi, Gamal (Glyricidia sepium (Jack).Steud.