Numerical solutions of the one-dimensional nucleon-meson cascade equations

Numerical integration of meson-nucleon cascade equations for accelerator shielding calculation

Firing squibs by low voltage capacitor discharge for spacecraft application

Low voltage capacitor discharge firing circuit to initiate hot bridgewire squibs for spacecraft application

Preliminary analysis of long-range aircraft designs for future heavy airlift missions

A computerized design study of very large cargo aircraft for the future heavy airlift mission was conducted using the Aircraft Synthesis program (ACSYNT). The study was requested by the Air Force under an agreement whereby Ames provides computerized design support to the Air Force Flight Dynamics Laboratory. This effort is part of an overall Air Force program to study advanced technology large aircraft systems. Included in the Air Force large aircraft program are investigations of missions such as heavy airlift, airborne missile launch, battle platform, command and control, and aerial tanker. The Ames studies concentrated on large cargo aircraft of conventional design with payloads from 250,000 to 350,000 lb. Range missions up to 6500 n.mi. and radius missions up to 3600 n.mi. have been considered. Takeoff and landing distances between 7,000 and 10,000 ft are important constraints on the configuration concepts. The results indicate that a configuration employing conventional technology in all disciplinary areas weighs approximately 2 million pounds to accomplish either a 6500-n.mi. range mission or a 3600-n.mi. radius mission with a 350,000-lb payload

A Critical Study of the Dramas of Four Major Romantic Poets

Since little critical attention has been given to the dramas of this period, it would seem that further examination of them would be of value. The purpose of this study, therefore, is to investigate the dramas of the major Romantic poets in order to provide a new critical perspective on their plays specifically and Romantic drama generally. From this it is hoped useful conclusions can be drawn. The study will be limited to the plays of Samuel Taylor Coleridge, Percy Bysshe Shelley, William Wordsworth, and George Gordon, Lord Byron. John Keats has been omitted from this group because his only drama was written in conjunction with Armitage Brown, a minor writer. The dramas chosen for this investigation are those which either have been produced on the stage or ware submitted for production. If the author submitted more than one play, the play which the critics consider marks the summit of dramatic achievement of the author has been selected. Included in this study are The Borderers by Wordsworth, Remorse by Coleridge, The Cenci by Shelley, and Cain by Byron. The dramas are presented for discussion according to the chronological order in which they were written. The study will include an examination of the background against which the tragedies were written - the state of the contemporary drama, the stage, the plays and the audiences. Those factors which may have affected the work - the author\u27s thoughts, the facts of composition, and elements of Romanticism - will also be considered. In addition, both contemporary and modern criticism will be included. (The criticism beginning with that of George Bernard Shaw in 1886 will be classified as modern.) These criticisms will form the bases for evaluations of the plays

Responses of respiratory system cells in vitro and in vivo to petrochemical combustion-derived ultrafine particles

Environmental contamination with airborne particles has been a human health concern for many years. Epidemiologic studies in urban communities have linked ambient particle exposure to various health effects, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, lung cancer, and several cardiovascular disease conditions. The pathogenesis of these conditions with respect to ambient particle exposure is complex because ambient particles are complex in composition. The particles vary greatly in origin, size, surface area, and elemental composition; and a given particle type, such as those generated by petrochemical (gasoline, diesel, industrial substrate) combustion, may be coated with many other compounds, including polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Our laboratory group had previously characterized the generation of PAHs from incomplete combustion of the high volume petrochemical 1,3-butadiene (BD) and briefly described the biological effects of BD’s incomplete combustion product, butadiene soot (BDS), in vitro. The studies presented here represent a continuation of these initial studies, where we first characterize BDS with respect to particle size distribution and assembly, PAH composition, and elemental content of BDS ultrafine particles. We also describe in vitro assays demonstrating that BDS ultrafine particles can transport and transfer adsorbed organic constituents directly to target respiratory cells, without uptake of the particles by the cells. Next, we demonstrate that combustion-derived PAHs adsorbed onto BDS particles are concentrated in lipid droplets of respiratory system cells and that, in vitro, these PAHs activate xenobiotic metabolism pathways. We also present an in vivo analysis of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) with inflammatory cell infiltrates, histopathological evidence of inflammation and particle retention, and gene expression analysis revealing upregulation of several cytokines and AhR-responsive biotransformation enzymes. Finally, we present ultrastructural evidence that BDS particles can be internalized by bronchoepithelial cells in vitro and phagocytosed by alveolar macrophages in vivo. These studies were designed to characterize and promote BDS as both a model mixture and a real-life example of a petrochemical product of incomplete combustion with the potential both for environmental contamination and for contributing to health problems