Ligninolytic Activity of Fungi Isolated from Empty Fruit Bunch of Oil Palm (Elaesis guineensis Jacq.)

Lignin is a natural polymer and plays an important role as a compound of plant cell wall constituent. A study about the degradation of lignin in the environment has been receiving considerable attention because the complex structure and difficult to be degraded compared to the degradation of others plant cell wall constituent. A study to determine the activity of the ligninolytic enzyme (lignin peroxidase, manganese peroxidase and laccase) of fungi isolated from oil palm empty fruit bunch. This study has been done with a screening of ligninolytic activity using potato dextrose agar supplemented with tannic acid (0,1%), showed that two out of five fungal isolates have ligninolytic activity. The highest activity of lignin peroxidase was produced by SN2 isolatesi.e. 9.677U ml-1, whereas the highest activity of manganese peroxidase and laccase was produced by SN3isolates i.e.1.942 U ml-1 and 1.846 U m-1 respectively

FENOMENA BERBAGAI SIFAT FISIKA DAN KIMIA TANAH MENDUKUNG KETAHANAN TANAMAN PANGAN DI SUMATERA BARAT

          The objective was to examine the phenomenon of physical and chemical properties of soil which is used as a center of agricultural cultivation in supporting food security in West Sumatra. The experiment was conducted by survey to various locations by taking composite soil samples in the field. Some types of soil taken include Histosol from Anai Padang Pariaman; Ultsiol from Lubuk Minturun; Inceptisol from Limau Manis and Siteba city of Padang; Andisol from Danau Kembar and Lembah gumanti Kab. Solok.  The result was can be concluded that Ultisol Lubuk Minturun more potency for  tropical fruits. Andisol in Lembah Gumanti and Danau Kembar Kab. Solok has decreased its chemical quality. It is necessary to increase soil pH to be suitable for the development of vegetable crops and food crops. The use of lime and organic matter in a proper fertilizing package can reduce the use of heavy fertilizer for vegetable crops and horticultura. Histosol utilization for wetland rice cultivation needs to be careful because the acidic pH and the number of organic acids are toxic. Inceptisol Limau Manis Padang has a neutral pH, and is very good for developing food cultivation in support of food security in West Sumatra

PERANAN PUPUK ORGANIK CAIR TERHADAP KUALITAS HIJAUAN PAKAN TERNAK (HPT) ASAL TANAMAN PADI RATOON

The research had been done in Nagari Ikur Lubuk Padang Panjang East District, Padang PanjangCity, with a height of 720 m above sea level. The experiments were conducted on March 2017-July2017. The aimed of this research was to obtain the best variety of rice and liquid organic fertilizerto produce a good forage feed. The experiments were arranged in a split-plot, the main plot beingthe rice crop; Cisokan and Pandan Wangi. The subplot consists of three types of organic liquidfertilizer (OLF), namely; Crocober Plus, Unitas Super, and NASA Commercial LOF replicate 3times to 18 plots. Forage pruning was done at 30 days after cutting ratoon. The data obtainedwere analyzed by F test 5% real level, if the treatment had real effect followed by SignificantDifference (LSD) test 5% real level. The included proximate analysis, digestibility of crudeprotein, fat, crude fiber, organic matter, dry matter, acid detergent fiber (ADF), neutral detergentfiber (NDF), hemicellulose, cellulose, and an extract substance without nitrogen. The results canbe concluded that the Pandan Wangi rice is able to produce the highest fresh weight of forage feedif given by 10% OLF of a Unitas Super.Keywords: Cisokan, forage animal feed, organic liquid fertilizer, Pandan Wangi, ratoon rice cro

RESPON TANAMAN BAWANG MERAH (Allium cepa L.) TERHADAP INTERVAL WAKTU DAN JENIS PUPUK ORGANIK CAIR

Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui respon tanaman bawang merah (Allium cepa l.) terhadap  interval waktu dan jenis pupuk organik cair (POC). Membandingkan efek  POC berbahan baku C.odorata dibandingkan dengan produk komersil NASA. Kenagarian Painan Timur Kecamatan IV Jurai Kabupaten Pesisir Selatan pada bulan Oktober sampai dengan Desember 2016. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL). Faktor pertama adalah POC  yang berbahan baku tanaman Chromolaena odorata yang terdiri dari atas 3 jenis yaitu;  Crocober Plus (CP), Unitas Super US dan POC komersil NASA. Faktor kedua adalah interval waktu yang terdiri dari 2 taraf; satu minggu sekali dan dua minggu sekali.  Setiap kombinasi perlakukan diulang sebanyak 3 kali, masing-masing satuan percobaan terdiri dari 3 pot tanaman sampel, sehingga jumlah keseluruhanya adalah 54 pot. Data pengamatan terakhir dirata-ratakan dan dianalisis dengan uji F taraf nyata 5%., bila F hitung > F Tabel 5% dilanjutkan dengan BNT pada taraf nyata 5%.  Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa pemberian pupuk organik cair Crocober Plus dengan interval waktu pemberian satu minggu sekali mampu meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan hasil bawang merah, dengan bobot umbi kering tertinggi mencapai 46,18 g pot-1.   The aim of this research was to know the response of red onion (Allium cepa l.) on time interval and type of liquid organic fertilizer (LOF). Comparing the effects of LOF made from raw C.odorata with NASA commercial products. The study was located in Kenagarian Painan Timur District IV Jurai Pesisir Selatan District from October to December 2016. The experimental design used was Factorial with 2 treatments arranged in Completely Randomized Design (RAL). The first factor was the LOF made from Chromolaena odorata plant which consists of 3 types, namely; Crocober Plus (CP), Unitas Super US and NASA's Liquid commercial. The second factor was a time interval consisting of two levels; once a week and once two weeks. Each treatment combination was repeated 3 times, each experimental unit consisting of 3 potted plants so that the total was 54 pots. The last observational data were analyzed variance or analysis of variance (ANOVA) 5% real level., If F arithmetic> F Table 5% followed by a Little Significance Different (LSD) at 5% real level. Based on the result of the research, it can be concluded that giving Crocober Plus liquid organic fertilizer with once a week can increase the growth and yield of onion, with the highest dry bulb weight reach 46.18 g pot-1

UMPAN BALIK PENERAPAN IMBAL JASA LINGKUNGAN PADA PENGELOLAAN DAS DENGAN PEMKO PAYAKUMBUH

Imbal Jasa Lingkungan (IJL) atau payment environment services (PES) suatu upaya yang diterapkan dan disetujui oleh undang-undang terhadap perhatian pada lingkungan dari apa yang sudah diperoleh dari lingkungan dalam mengelola Daerah Aliran Sungai (DAS). Tujuan kegiatan adalah melakukan studi lapangan penerapan imbal jasa lingkungan dan mendapatkan umpan balik kegiatan pengelolaan lingkungan oleh Pemda Kota Payakumbuh. Kegiatan dilaksanakan pada Bulan Desember 2019, tim Forum DAS Kota Padang yang terdiri dari 5 orang dari berbagai universitas melakukan kunjungan kerja selama 2 hari ke Pemda Payakumbuh. Kegiatan ini diinisiasi oleh pemda di kantornya di ruangan aula di lantai 2 pada gedung tersebut. Kegiatan dimulai pada pagi hari acara presentasi dan mendapatkan umpan balik kegiatan pengelolaan DAS dan kunjungan ke lapangan dengan meninjau lokasi sungai yang sudah dinormaliasasi yang digunakan airnya untuk sumber air baku PDAM, meninjau embung. Pada kegiatan yang sudah dilakukan tersebut diperoleh bahwa Pemko Payakumbuh belum melaksanakan IJL pada prinsipnya bersedia untuk melakukan program IJL dengan terus mencermati hal-hal apa saja yang bisa dilakukan dalam mewujudkannya. Mereka juga telah memahami pentingnya IJL walaupun secara umum mereka sudah menerapkan CSR bagaimana sungai dan hutan ditata serta sampah tidak dibuang sembarangan

Effectiveness application of fertilizer on maize: The case study of maize farmers in West Pasaman Regency

West Pasaman is one of the regencies in West Sumatera which is the center of maize. The aimed was to determine the income and habits of maize farmers using fertilizers, as well as the role of fertilizers and soil amendments in increasing the growth of maize crops. This research was carried out in 2 experimental stages, the first stage was farmer interviews and the second stage was a trial of fertilizer types in the field carried out in a factorial form, on various types of macro and micro fertilizers for Pioneer 32’s maize, including; Rock Phosphate (RP) (28% P2O5); Urea (46% N), Zeolite as a soil amendment and micro-fertilizers are derived from Unitas Super's Liquid Fertilizer. The comparison treatment plots, namely; 300 kg ha-1 NITROPHOSKA and 200 kg ha-1 Zeolite + 300 kg ha-1 NITROPHOSKA. The results of this comparison treatment were presented in a bar chart. The data were statistically analyzed using the F test with a significance level of 5% and further tested using an LSD level of 5%. The concluded that 50% of farmers already have incomes exceeding the Regional Minimum Wage. There were about 39% of them applied fertilizers of 300 to 450 kg ha-1, 87.5% applied a combination of Urea+ PHOSKA, 12.5% PHOSKA only, and 12.5% of farmers added SP36, for cultivation in maize. As a result of field experiments, it was determined that the most appropriate application was 50 kg ha-1 urea + 50 kg ha-1 Zeolite + 200 kg ha-1 RP fertilizer and 100 ml L-1 liquid fertilizer

PENGARUH PUPUK ORGANIK CAIR ASAL C.odorata TERHADAP SERAPAN HARA KALIUM DAN HASIL PADI LADANG

Efek pupuk organik Cair C.odorata terhadap serapan hara Kalium dan hasil padi ladang telah dilakukan penelitian sejak Mei  hingga November  2014, di lahan kering Kuranji, Kota Padang, sebagai sentra budidaya padi sawah dan palawija.  Percobaan dilakukan dengan menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap tersarang.  Konsentrasi ditetapkan sebagai perlakuan utama dengan 2 taraf yaitu;C1. 20% dan C2 sebesar 10%. Sedangkan perlakuan tersarang terdiri atas interval aplikasi pupuk terdiri atas 3 taraf yaitu, I1 setiap minggu, I2 setiap 2 minggu dan I3 setiap 3 minggu. Percobaan disusun dalam 18 petak, dengan ukuran petak sebesar 2 x 2 meter persegi, parameter pengamatan meliputi; tinggi tanaman, anakan produktif, angkutan hara kalium dan hasil padi.  Dari percobaan yang telah dilakukan dapat dissimpulkan bahwa pemberian 20%  POC C.odorata yang diberikan setiap 3 minggu sekali mampu meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan hasil padi ladang. Pada aplikasi interval 3 minggu sekali, dengan konsentrasi 20% POC meningkatkan serapan harak Kalium dan hasil gabah kering sebesar 11,14% dibandingkan tanaman yang diaplikasi dengan konsentrasi 10%  POC.

EFFECT OF CONCENTRATION AND FREQUENCY CROCOBER PLUS AS ORGANIC LIQUID FERTILIZER GIVING ON THE ONION CROPS (Allium ascalonicum L.)

Research on the effect of liquid organic fertilizer (POC) Crocober plus and frequency of application to the crop of onion (Allium ascalonicum L.) had been conducted in Sub Kajai, District lemur, Solok regency for 3 months starting from May to July 2015. The goal was to get the POC concentration and Crocober plus frequency to increase growth and yield of onion. Experiments using a randomized block design in a factorial form that consists of 2 factors. Factor 1 was 5 degree of concentration POC was 0% (P0), 2.5% (P1), 5% (P3), 7.5% (P4) and 10% (P5) while Factor 2, was the frequency of POC consists of two levels ie ; The data obtained and analyzed variance. If the F count larger than F table 5% followed by a test of Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT). The experimental results indicated that application of 5% POC Crocober plus concentration given weekly was the exact interaction to improve the growth and yield of onion with the result reached 13.83 tons/ha.Doi: 10.22216/jit.2014.v8i2.34