EFEKTIFITAS PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM MENGENAI HAK EKONOMI DAN HAK TERKAIT BAGI PENCIPTA MUSIK ATAS TINDAKAN COVER LAGU

Social media's purpose has changed from just being a means of communication to being a forum for sharing and publishing copyrighted works, such as music, thanks to its evolution. One illustration of this usage is the use of song covers, which are the re-performance of previously released songs and are common on websites like YouTube. The copyright system legally protects music as an artistic creation, including the economic and related rights of its authors. As evaluated by the implementation of the provisions of Law Number 28 of 2014 on Copyright and the fulfillment of economic rights through royalty payment systems, this study seeks to assess the efficacy of legal protection for the economic rights and related rights of music creators against the practice of song covers on YouTube. The study takes an empirical juridical approach, looking at the laws and how copyright protection is actually implemented in the workplace. The research demonstrates that the government has initiated legal protection measures, such as copyright registration, oversight, and legal support for composers through recognized organizations. The efficiency of such legal protection, however, is mostly contingent on the degree to which cover song artists adhere to their royalty and licensing duties. Consequently, raising digital platform users' understanding of the law is a crucial step toward safeguarding copyright in musical compositions.Berkembangnya media sosial tidaknya sekadar sarana komunikasi menjadi platform untuk berbagi dan mempublikasikan karya cipta, termasuk musik. Salah satu bentuk pemanfaatan tersebut adalah praktik cover lagu, yakni menyanyikan ulang lagu yang telah dipublikasikan sebelumnya, yang banyak ditemukan di platform seperti YouTube. Musik sebagai karya seni memiliki perlindungan hukum di bawah rezim Hak Cipta, termasuk hak ekonomi dan hak terkait bagi penciptanya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji bentuk perlindungan hukum terhadap pencipta musik atas tindakan cover lagu yang dilakukan di media sosial, khususnya YouTube. Metode yang digunakan adalah pendekatan yuridis empiris, dengan mengkaji regulasi serta praktik perlindungan hak cipta yang berlaku. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa pemerintah melalui lembaga yang ditunjuk telah melakukan upaya perlindungan melalui sertifikasi hak cipta, pengawasan, serta pendampingan hukum terhadap pencipta. Selain itu, pelaku cover juga diwajibkan untuk memperhatikan ketentuan hukum mengenai izin dan pembayaran royalti guna melindungi hak eksklusif pemegang hak cipta. Penelitian ini menegaskan pentingnya kesadaran hukum bagi pengguna platform digital dalam menghormati hak cipta atas karya musik.   Kata Kunci: Hak Cipta, Cover lagu, Perlindungan Hukum, Musik

Sustainable Development in Central Sulawesi: A Quadrant Approach and Variables that Shape Sustainability

Sustainable development in Central Sulawesi is demonstrated by long-term disparities between regions, which highlight the imbalance between economic, social, and environmental aspects. This study set out to examine the regional sustainability performance and explain the underlying structural factors that contribute to the existing disparities. This study uses secondary data from 2021 to 2024 to create a Sustainable Development Index (SDI) and combines it with quadrant analysis to identify patterns of regional sustainability. It also uses data regression panels to test the main economic, social, and environmental determinants. The research results show that no regency or city has achieved a completely balanced sustainability position, with areas spread across the quadrants of underutilization, overexploitation, and ecological emergency. The econometric results show that human development, unemployment dynamics, and environmental quality excert a profound impact on sustainability, while economic growth and per capita GDP do not have a significant effect. Model fixed effects confirm there is strong structural heterogeneity across regions, highlighting the importance of spatial and institutional context. This study contributes to theory by improving the understanding of sustainable development and regional development, and it shows that regional sustainability inequality is formed in a structural way and cannot be explained just by growth-based indicators

PEER INFLUENCE FACTORS ON FREE SEXUAL BEHAVIOR AMONG ADOLESCENTS IN STATE SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL 2, ENREKANG DISTRICT

Sexual behavior among adolescents is a growing trend, especially in the school environment. Adolescents are generally known to have strong curiosity and the process of searching for identity, if not accompanied by adequate guidance and understanding, has the potential to lead to deviant behavior. This study aims to analyze the influence of peers on promiscuous sexual behavior among adolescents at SMA Negeri 2, Enrekang Regency. The type of research used is quantitative with a cross-sectional design. The study sample consisted of 249 students in grades X and XI, selected through proportional random sampling. Data were collected using a closed questionnaire and analyzed using the chi-square test. The results of the analysis showed that the majority of respondents had low sexual behavior compliance, namely 65.9%. Peer factors were proven to have a significant relationship with promiscuous sexual behavior (p = 0.010). These findings indicate that peer influence is a dominant factor in adolescent sexual behavior. It is recommended that adolescents need to increase awareness and be selective in choosing friends

PERANCANGAN SISTEM INFORMASI PENGARSIPAN DOKUMEN BERBASIS WEB DI BIDANG SUMBER DAYA KESEHATAN DINAS KESEHATAN KABUPATEN PATI

Advances in information technology have led government agencies to adopt digital changes in administrative management, including document archiving. Manual archive management is still widely used and causes various problems, such as difficulty in searching for documents, the risk of archive destruction, and a lack of work efficiency. The Health Resources Division of the Pati District Health Office has a high volume of documents, requiring an integrated, digital-based archiving system. This study aims to design and develop a Web-Based Document Archiving Information System to increase the effectiveness of archive management, speed up the document search process, and support orderly administration. The system was developed using the Waterfall method, which includes the stages of requirements, analysis, design, implementation, testing, and maintenance. The system was refined using the PHP programming language and a database as a centralized archive storage medium. The main features of the system include user authentication, document uploading by category, and document management in the form of viewing, downloading, renaming, and deleting documents. System testing was conducted using the Black Box method on 26 functional components, and the test results indicated that all system functions worked well as required. Thus the developed information system is capable of improving archive management capabilities and supporting the improvement of administrative service quality in the Health Resources Division of the Pati District Health Office.Perkembangan teknologi informasi membawa instansi pemerintah untuk mengadopsi perubahan digital dalam pengurusan administrasi, termasuk pengarsipan dokumen. Pengelolaan arsip secara manual masih banyak ditemukan dan menimbulkan berbagai permasalahan, seperti kesulitan penelusuran dokumen, risiko kemusnahan arsip, serta kurangnya tingkat efisiensi kerja. Bidang Sumber Daya Kesehatan pada Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten Pati memiliki volume dokumen yang tinggi sehingga membutuhkan sistem pengarsipan yang terintegrasi dan berbasis digital. Studi ini bermaksud untuk merancang dan mengembangkan Sistem Informasi Pengarsipan Dokumen Berbasis Web demi menambah keefektifan pengelolaan arsip, mempercepat proses pencarian dokumen, serta mendukung tertib administrasi. Pengembangan sistem dilakukan menggunakan metode Waterfall, yang meliputi tahap requirement, analysis, design, implementation, testing, dan maintenance. Sistem disempurnakan memakai bahasa pemrograman PHP dan basis data sebagai media penyimpanan arsip terpusat. Fitur utama sistem meliputi autentikasi pengguna, unggah dokumen berdasarkan kategori, serta pengelolaan dokumen berupa melihat, mengunduh, mengganti nama, dan menghapus dokumen. Pengujian sistem dijalankan menggunakan metode Black Box atas 26 komponen fungsional, dan hasil pengujian menyatakan semua fungsi sistem berjalan dengan baik sesuai kebutuhan. Demikian sistem informasi yang dikembangkan mampu meningkatkan kemampuan pengelolaan arsip dan mendukung peningkatan kualitas pelayanan administrasi pada Bidang Sumber Daya Kesehatan Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten Pati

Pengembangan Ekspresi Seni Anak Berkebutuhan Khusus melalui Batik Ciprat di SLB Beranda Istimewa Ngawi

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan proses pelaksanaan kegiatan batik ciprat sebagai media pengembangan ekspresi seni bagi peserta didik berkebutuhan khusus di SLB Beranda Istimewa Ngawi, serta menganalisis dampaknya terhadap perkembangan motorik, sensori, kreativitas, kepercayaan diri, dan interaksi sosial siswa. Penelitian menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif dengan teknik observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi yang melibatkan enam siswa tunagrahita dan autisme usia 10–14 tahun. Proses pembelajaran meliputi tahapan menciprat lilin, pewarnaan bertahap, penguncian warna, melorot, dan penjemuran. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa batik ciprat merupakan media seni yang efektif dan inklusif bagi siswa ABK karena tekniknya yang sederhana, bersifat eksploratif, dan melibatkan rangsangan multisensori. Data menunjukkan adanya peningkatan kemampuan motorik halus melalui gerakan menciprat dan mewarnai, peningkatan integrasi sensori, serta berkembangnya kreativitas melalui kebebasan memilih warna dan pola. Selain itu, kegiatan ini mampu meningkatkan kepercayaan diri siswa melalui pengalaman menghasilkan karya nyata serta mendorong interaksi sosial seperti kerja sama saat menjemur kain dan menunggu giliran. Kebaruan penelitian terletak pada pemanfaatan teknik batik ciprat sebagai pendekatan seni berbasis budaya lokal yang berfungsi tidak hanya sebagai pembelajaran vokasional, tetapi juga sebagai sarana terapi sensorimotor bagi anak berkebutuhan khusus. Temuan ini menegaskan bahwa pembelajaran seni berbasis eksplorasi dapat menjadi alternatif pembelajaran yang efektif dan bermakna di lingkungan SLB.This study aims to describe the implementation process of the batik ciprat (splatter batik) activity as a medium for developing artistic expression among students with special needs at SLB Beranda Istimewa Ngawi, and to analyze its impact on their motor, sensory, creative, social, and emotional development. A descriptive qualitative approach was employed, using observation, interviews, and documentation involving six students with mild to moderate intellectual disabilities and autism aged 10–14. The learning stages included splattering hot wax, gradual coloring, color fixation, wax removal, and drying. The results indicate that batik ciprat is an effective and inclusive art medium for students with special needs due to its simple, flexible, and exploratory nature, as well as its multisensory stimulation. The activity improved fine motor skills through wax splattering and coloring movements, enhanced sensory integration, and fostered creativity through free color and pattern exploration. Furthermore, students showed increased self-confidence after successfully producing their own artworks, and developed social interaction skills through activities such as taking turns and cooperating during the drying process. The novelty of this study lies in the use of batik ciprat, a culturally rooted Indonesian textile art technique, as both a learning medium and a sensorimotor therapeutic tool for students with special needs. These findings highlight that exploratory art-based learning can serve as an effective and meaningful instructional alternative in special education settings

Analysis of Online News Media Sentiment Toward the Free Nutrisious Meals Program Policy

With a focus on three significant media outlets Kompas.com, CNN Indonesia, and TVOne this study attempts to examine media sentiment regarding the Free Nutritious Meals Program (MBG) in Indonesia. Positive, negative, neutral, and mixed sentiment were the four categories into which sentiment was divided using a descriptive qualitative technique with content analysis. The findings indicate that neutral emotion predominates in all three media outlets' news coverage, with more descriptive and educational articles about the program's execution. However, negative sentiment also emerges, particularly in relation to issues of food poisoning and distribution constraints. On the other hand, although it is less common, positive attitude emphasizes the program's success and support. Both praise and criticism of this policy are reflected in the mixed sentiment. These results demonstrate that the media not only contributes to the dissemination of accurate information but also influences public opinion by drawing attention to certain problems. The usefulness of Agenda Setting theory in comprehending how the media decides which issues the public should find essential is also demonstrated by this study. This study's modest sample size just 15 articles from each media source and only three online news media sites were examined may not accurately represent the whole range of MBG coverage in Indonesian media. In order to map the dynamics of sentiment changes towards MBG over time, more study is advised to increase the sample size by incorporating more news sources from other platforms, including social media, and extending the data collection period. Keywords: News Media; Sentiment; Mbg Program;Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis sentimen pemberitaan media terhadap Program Makan Bergizi Gratis (MBG) di Indonesia dengan fokus pada tiga media utama: Kompas.com, CNN Indonesia, dan TVOne. Analisis sentimen dilakukan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif dengan pendekatan analisis konten, yang mengklasifikasikan sentimen ke dalam empat kategori: positif, negatif, netral, dan campuran. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sentimen netral mendominasi pemberitaan di ketiga media, dengan artikel yang lebih banyak bersifat informatif dan deskriptif mengenai pelaksanaan program. Namun, sentimen negatif juga muncul, terutama terkait dengan isu keracunan makanan dan kendala distribusi. Sebaliknya, sentimen positif lebih banyak mengangkat keberhasilan dan dukungan terhadap program, meskipun porsinya lebih kecil. Sentimen campuran mencerminkan adanya kritik dan apresiasi yang bersamaan terhadap kebijakan ini. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa media tidak hanya berperan dalam menyampaikan informasi faktual, tetapi juga membentuk opini publik melalui penonjolan isu-isu tertentu. Penelitian ini juga mengungkapkan relevansi teori Agenda Setting dalam memahami bagaimana media menentukan isu mana yang harus dianggap penting oleh publik. Kekurangan penelitian ini meliputi terbatasnya jumlah sampel artikel dan cakupan media yang dianalisis. Oleh karena itu, penelitian selanjutnya disarankan untuk memperluas sampel dan periode waktu serta menggunakan analisis sentimen otomatis untuk meningkatkan akurasi analisis

SPATIAL ANALYSIS OF MALARIA RISK AND SOCIOECONOMIC DETERMINANTS IN PAPUA PROVINCE, INDONESIA USING A BAYESIAN MODELING APPROACH

Malaria remains a major public health problem in tropical regions, including Indonesia’s Papua Province, which bears one of the highest national burdens. This study analyzes the spatial distribution of malaria and identifies key socioeconomic, geographic, and demographic predictors in Papua in 2022 using Bayesian spatial modeling. Secondary data from 28 districts/cities were analyzed with a Bayesian spatial model using the BYM2 formulation and Integrated Nested Laplace Approximation (INLA). Significant spatial disparities were identified, with high-risk clusters in the northeast and central regions. The number of polyclinics showed a significant negative association with malaria incidence, indicating a protective effect. Conversely, regional income and average years of schooling were positively associated with malaria, possibly reflecting increased mobility, detection bias, and development-related ecological change. These findings highlight strong spatial heterogeneity and multifactorial drivers of malaria transmission. Bayesian spatial modeling provides important insights for policy planning and supports the need for geographically targeted, multisectoral interventions, strengthening primary healthcare infrastructure, and context-sensitive development strategies to reduce malaria burden

Differences In Pulmonary TB Incidence In Highland And Coastal Areas In Barru District

Pulmonary tuberculosis, caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, remains a global health issue. In Barru District, the number of pulmonary TB cases increased from 327 in 2023 to 464 in 2024. This study aims to investigate differences in the incidence of pulmonary TB between two locations: highland and coastal areas. The method used is quantitative analytical with a cross-sectional approach, involving 86 pulmonary TB patients from Lisu and Padongko Health Centers selected through simple random sampling. In the highlands, most patients were over 60 years old (43.5%), while in the coastal areas, the majority were aged 51–60 years (83.3%). Male patients were more numerous in both locations, with generally low educational levels. The most common occupations in the highlands were housewives and self-employed individuals, while in coastal areas, the majority were unemployed. No significant differences were found in age (Ï=0.494), gender (Ï=0.255), education (Ï=1.000), occupation (Ï=0.665), socioeconomic status (Ï=0.978), housing density (Ï=0.083), ventilation (Ï=0.083), or access to healthcare services. There were no significant differences in TB incidence. It is recommended that the elderly undergo regular health check-ups and maintain a healthy lifestyle to enhance their resistance to pulmonary TB infection.Pulmonary tuberculosis, caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, remains a global health issue. In Barru District, the number of pulmonary TB cases increased from 327 in 2023 to 464 in 2024. This study aims to investigate differences in the incidence of pulmonary TB between two locations: highland and coastal areas. The method used is quantitative analytical with a cross-sectional approach, involving 86 pulmonary TB patients from Lisu and Padongko Health Centers selected through simple random sampling. In the highlands, most patients were over 60 years old (43.5%), while in the coastal areas, the majority were aged 51–60 years (83.3%). Male patients were more numerous in both locations, with generally low educational levels. The most common occupations in the highlands were housewives and self-employed individuals, while in coastal areas, the majority were unemployed. No significant differences were found in age (Ï=0.494), gender (Ï=0.255), education (Ï=1.000), occupation (Ï=0.665), socioeconomic status (Ï=0.978), housing density (Ï=0.083), ventilation (Ï=0.083), or access to healthcare services. There were no significant differences in TB incidence. It is recommended that the elderly undergo regular health check-ups and maintain a healthy lifestyle to enhance their resistance to pulmonary TB infection

Trends and Emerging Themes in Social Media Research within Digital Sociology: A Bibliometric Review (2014–2024)

As Information and Communications Technologies (ICTs) become increasingly relevant and advanced, resulting in the emergence of new subfields, this study presents a bibliometric analysis of digital sociology from 2014 to 2024, with a focus on social media research within the field of sociology. Given the growing influence of digital technologies on social institutions and interactions, this study seeks to examine emerging trends and themes. We utilised data from the Scopus database to examine 227 documents on digital sociology, including annual publication trends, leading countries, affiliations, journals, and authors. Additionally, it analysed the co-citation network by authors, journals, and keywords. The findings revealed a steady increase in publications with an annual average of approximately 10%. It identified major themes surrounding digital sociology, including digital identity, online activism and algorithms and data exposure. It highlights an inclination toward the ethical and societal consequences of digital engagement.  The study’s novelty lies within the intersection between digital sociology and social media research outcomes, which is specific and timely. The study offers a comprehensive understanding of digital sociology and its thematic developments over the past decade, laying the groundwork for future research by identifying gaps and areas of interest. However, limitations include a heavy reliance on a single database and English-language sources. Future studies could focus on the evolving dynamics of trends and themes, with broader regional engagement to widen discourse in digital sociology globally. Keywords: Social Media Online; Platforms Digital; Communication; Digital Sociology

Perlindungan Konsumen terhadap Praktik Overclaim dalam Industri Skincare: perbandingan antara Indonesia dan Amerika Serikat

The rapid growth of the skincare industry, particularly through the use of digital marketing, has contributed to the increasing prevalence of overclaim practices that have the potential to mislead consumers. This study aims to examine the forms of legal protection for consumers against overclaim practices in the skincare industry in Indonesia and the United States, as well as to analyze legal principles and mechanisms that can be adopted by Indonesia to strengthen its consumer protection system. This research employs a normative legal research method using statutory, conceptual, and comparative approaches, drawing on primary and secondary legal materials, including the Consumer Protection Law, BPOM regulations, as well as the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act and the Modernization of Cosmetics Regulation Act (MoCRA) 2022 in the United States. The findings indicate that Indonesia’s consumer protection system remains largely reactive and administrative, as supervision and law enforcement are generally conducted after products have entered the market and violations have been identified. In contrast, the United States applies a preventive and evidence-based consumer protection framework through mandatory pre-market verification, the application of the principle of scientific accountability, and the support of transparency mechanisms and class action procedures, thereby providing more effective consumer protection. These findings are consistent with Philipus M. Hadjon’s Theory of Legal Protection, which emphasizes the importance of preventive legal protection to prevent consumer harm.Pertumbuhan industri skincare yang sangat pesat, terutama melalui pemanfaatan pemasaran digital, turut mendorong meningkatnya praktik overclaim yang berpotensi memberikan informasi menyesatkan kepada konsumen. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji bentuk perlindungan hukum bagi konsumen terhadap praktik overclaim dalam industri skincare di Indonesia dan Amerika Serikat, serta menganalisis prinsip dan mekanisme hukum yang dapat diadopsi oleh Indonesia guna memperkuat sistem perlindungan konsumen. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian hukum normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan, konseptual, dan komparatif, yang bersumber dari bahan hukum primer dan sekunder, meliputi Undang-Undang Perlindungan Konsumen, regulasi BPOM, serta Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act dan Modernization of Cosmetics Regulation Act (MoCRA) 2022 di Amerika Serikat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sistem perlindungan konsumen di Indonesia masih cenderung bersifat reaktif dan administratif, karena pengawasan serta penegakan hukum dilakukan setelah produk beredar dan pelanggaran teridentifikasi. Sebaliknya, Amerika Serikat menerapkan pola perlindungan yang preventif dan berbasis pembuktian ilmiah melalui kewajiban verifikasi pra-edar, penerapan prinsip scientific accountability, serta dukungan mekanisme transparansi dan class action, sehingga mampu memberikan perlindungan konsumen yang lebih optimal. Temuan ini selaras dengan Teori Perlindungan Hukum Philipus M. Hadjon yang menekankan urgensi perlindungan hukum preventif guna mencegah terjadinya kerugian bagi konsumen.   Kata Kunci: Overclaim, Perlindungan Konsumen, Skincare, BPOM, MoCR