PRARANCANGAN PABRIK OLEIN DARI CRUDE PALM OIL (CPO) DENGAN KAPASITAS PRODUKSI 150.000 TON/TAHUN

Prarancangan pabrik olein ini menggunakan bahan baku utama minyak kelapa sawit (Crude Palm Oil). Proses produksi secara keseluruhan menggunakan proses kontinyu dengan melibatkan proses utama netralisasi dan proses ini berlangsung selama 330 hari pertahun. Bentuk perusahaan yang direncanakan adalah Perseroan Terbatas (PT) dengan menggunakan metode struktur organisasi garis dan staf. Kebutuhan tanaga kerja untuk menjalankan perusahaan ini berjumlah 286 orang. Lokasi pabrik direncanakan didirikan di Desa Suak Puntong, Kec. Kuala Pesisir, Kabupaten Nagan Raya, dengan luas tanah 20.447 m2. Sumber air untuk pabrik minyak goreng (olein) ini berasal dari Sungai Tamiang, dan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan listrik diperoleh dari generator dengan daya 500 kW.Banda Ace

Evaluation of cardiovascular events and bleeding complications in patients of Acute Coronary Syndrome on various antiplatelet drugs: an observational study in a tertiary care center in Eastern India

Background: This study is to determine the clinical profile of Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) patients, to observe cardiovascular events in patients with ACS undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI) and to evaluate the bleeding complications with various antiplatelet agents.Methods: This hospital based observational study included patients of ACS presenting between February 2015 to August 2016 who received PCI and were on dual antiplatelet agents.Results: Among 200 patients presenting with ACS mean age was 58.67, there was male predominance and 52.5% presented with STEMI. Cardiovascular death was seen in 2.5% patients and all cause mortality was seen in 3.5% patients. The incidence of Non-fatal myocardial infarction was more in Clopidogrel group (5%) as compared to Prasugrel (4%) and Ticagrelor (2%) group. Non-fatal stroke was seen in 2% patients and incidence was similar in each of the three groups. Incidences of target vessel revascularization (TVR) and stent thrombosis were more in the Clopidogrel group as compared to Prasugrel and Ticagrelor. TIMI Major and Minor bleeding with Prasugrel was higher than clopidogrel and Ticagrelor and TIMI minimal bleeding was seen in 2% patients and was similar in all three groups.Conclusions: Patients receiving clopidogrel has more numbers of CV death, all cause death, non-fatal MI, TVR and stent thrombosis in comparison to the groups receiving Prasugrel or Ticagrelor and on comparing Prasugrel and Ticagrelor, the two drugs are similar in efficacy but, Ticagrelor has better safety outcomes

Autonomous Detect and Avoid algorithm respecting airborne Right of Way rules

Robust conflict resolution systems are crucial for BVLOS (beyond visual line of sight) operations of UAVs (Unmanned Aerial Vehicles) in the unsegregated airspace. The present conflict resolution research focus is skewed towards optimal path planning, often ignoring the airborne Right-of-way rules prescribed by the FAA and CAA. Although this approach might result in the most optimal path to resolve the conflict, it can cause confusion among other airspace users if the rules of the air are not obeyed when operating in the vicinity of other aircraft. In the present work, a real-time model predictive control approach is proposed that heavily prioritizes adherence to the prescribed right-of-way rules of the air. The maneuvering limitations of the involved aircraft are also taken into account. Several conflict scenarios were simulated, and the results show that the developed algorithm could resolve all conflicts

A comprehensive work up of various ventricular tachy-arrhythmias in relation to the underling cardiac disorder / status

Background: Main objective of the study is details work up of the patients of ventricular tachy-arrhythmias and to find out its association with any structural heart disease.Methods: This institution based observational study was conducted in patients of documented sustained VT (ventricular tachycardia) with consecutive 102 patients.Results: The mean age of the VT patients was 56.7 years and the number of male patients were 70 (69%). In our study, among 102 patients 45 patients were diabetic, 64 patients were hypertensive, 30 patients were current smoker, family history of heart disease was present in 25 patients and family history of SCD (sudden cardiac death) was present in 5 patients. Among the patients who presented with symptoms of ventricular tachy arrhythmia, 25 patients had EF (ejection fraction) above 40%, 36 had EF between 31 to 40% and only 2 had EF below 30%. CAG (coronary angiography) done in 98 patients and 16 had normal coronaries. 20, 16 and 46 patients had single, double and triple vessel disease respectively. 80 patients had coronary heart disease (78%), 20 patients among them had acute ischemic events and 60 had chronic ischemic disease. 12 patients didn’t have any structural heart disease.Conclusions: Ischemic heart disease, acute or chronic, is the most common causes of ventricular tachyarrhythmia. male sex, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, smoking, family history of heart diseases or sudden cardiac death being the risk factors of coronary artery disease are also predisposing factors of ventricular tachyarrhythmia

Evaluation of Antimicrobial, Anti-Inflammatory and Wound Healing Potentiality of Various Indian Small Herbs: A Meta Analysis

The immune system has the ability to provoke inflammation in response to a wide variety of different triggers. Toxic chemicals, infectious diseases, radiation, and cells that have been harmed are some examples of these stimuli. It removes the detrimental stimuli and at the same time initiates the healing process, which is a win-win situation. As a result, the protective reaction of inflammation is essential for ensuring that the body continues to function properly. The majority of the time, cellular and molecular activities and interactions work together to successfully minimise the risk of experiencing damage or infection during acute inflammatory reactions. This is because these activities and interactions are coordinated to function together. This review article was prepared utilising materials written in English, and it has been published in time intervals of 15 years beginning in 1995 and continuing all the way up until the current day. Both systematic reviews and randomised controlled trials (RCTs), which are considered to be the two most reliable types of research, were included in the collection of publications that were pertinent to the goal that we set for ourselves. The first two approaches are the only ones that should be prioritised above the others. Studies with an open label and studies with cohorts are not as essential as those with a case-control design, which are called preclinical trials

Co-simulation digital twin framework for testing future advanced air mobility concepts: a study with BlueSky and AirSim

The UK Future Flight Vision and Roadmap outlines the anticipated development of aviation in the UK by 2030. As part of the Future Flight demonstration segment, project HADO (High-intensity Autonomous Drone Operations) will develop, test, and deploy fully automated unmanned aircraft system (UAS) operations at London Heathrow Airport. Cranfield University is leading the synthetic test environment development within the HADO project, and a digital twin (DT) prototype was developed to enable mixed-reality tests for autonomous UAS operations. This paper enhances the existing DT by introducing new co-simulation capacities. Specifically, a co-simulation DT framework for autonomous UAS operations is proposed and tested through a demonstrative use case based on BlueSky and AirSim. This prototype integrates the traffic simulation capabilities of BlueSky with the 3D simulation capabilities of Airsim, to efficiently enhance the simulation capacities of the DT. Notably, the co-simulation framework can leverage the 3D visualization modules, UAS dynamics, and sensor models within external simulation tools to support a more realistic and high-fidelity simulation environment. Overall, the proposed co-simulation method can interface several simulation tools within a DT, thereby incorporating different communication protocols and realistic visualization capabilities. This creates unprecedented opportunities to combine different software applications and leverage the benefits of each tool

Developing a digital twin for testing multi-agent systems in advanced air mobility: a case study of Cranfield University and airport

Emerging unmanned aircraft system (UAS) and advanced air mobility (AAM) ecosystems rely on the development, certification and deployment of new and potentially intelligent technologies and algorithms. To promote a more efficient development life cycle, this work presents a digital twin architecture and environment to support the rapid prototyping and testing of multi-agent solutions for UAS and AAM applications. It leverages the capabilities of Microsoft AirSim and Cesium as plugins within the Unreal Engine 3D visualisation tool, and consolidates the digital environment with a flexible and scalable Python-based architecture. Moreover, the architecture supports hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) and mixed-reality features for enhanced testing capabilities. The system is comprehensively documented and demonstrated through a series of use cases, deployed within a custom digital environment, comprising both indoor and outdoor areas at Cranfield University and Airport. These include collaborative surveillance, UTM flight authorisation and UTM conformance monitoring experiments, that showcase the modularity, scalability and functionality of the proposed architecture. All 3D models and experimental observations are critically evaluated and shown to exhibit promising results. This thereby represents a critical step forward in the development of a robust digital twin for UAS and AAM applications.UKRI: 1002481

Phenotypic and Functional Characterization of Human Mammary Stem/Progenitor Cells in Long Term Culture

Background: Cancer stem cells exhibit close resemblance to normal stem cells in phenotype as well as function. Hence, studying normal stem cell behavior is important in understanding cancer pathogenesis. It has recently been shown that human breast stem cells can be enriched in suspension cultures as mammospheres. However, little is known about the behavior of these cells in long-term cultures. Since extensive self-renewal potential is the hallmark of stem cells, we undertook a detailed phenotypic and functional characterization of human mammospheres over long-term passages. Methodology: Single cell suspensions derived from human breast `organoids' were seeded in ultra low attachment plates in serum free media. Resulting primary mammospheres after a week (termed T1 mammospheres) were subjected to passaging every 7th day leading to the generation of T2, T3, and T4 mammospheres. Principal Findings: We show that primary mammospheres contain a distinct side-population (SP) that displays a CD24(low)/CD44(low) phenotype, but fails to generate mammospheres. Instead, the mammosphere-initiating potential rests within the CD44(high)/CD24(low) cells, in keeping with the phenotype of breast cancer-initiating cells. In serial sphere formation assays we find that even though primary (T1) mammospheres show telomerase activity and fourth passage T4 spheres contain label-retaining cells, they fail to initiate new mammospheres beyond T5. With increasing passages, mammospheres showed an increase in smaller sized spheres, reduction in proliferation potential and sphere forming efficiency, and increased differentiation towards the myoepithelial lineage. Significantly, staining for senescence-associated beta-galactosidase activity revealed a dramatic increase in the number of senescent cells with passage, which might in part explain the inability to continuously generate mammospheres in culture. Conclusions: Thus, the self-renewal potential of human breast stem cells is exhausted within five in vitro passages of mammospheres, suggesting the need for further improvisation in culture conditions for their long-term maintenance