IMPOLITENESS STRATEGIES AND ITS SPEECH ACTS OF MAIN ANTAGONIST CHARACTER UTTERANCES IN CRUELLA MOVIE

This research discusses impoliteness strategies and its speech acts of main antagonist utterances in Cruella movie. The objectives of this research are to find out the impoliteness strategies in the utterances of main antagonist in Cruella movie using Culpeper’s impoliteness strategies (1996) and to find out the speech acts in the impolite utterances of main antagonist in Cruella movie using Searle’s classification of speech acts (1979). The study adopted a descriptive qualitative method. The source of data of this research is a movie entitled Cruella. This research uses the dialogue script of Cruella movie as the data. The result shows that there are 90 data found in this research consisting of five impoliteness strategies and five kinds of speech acts in the utterances of main antagonist in Cruella movie. The impoliteness strategies found in this research are negative impoliteness with 49 data or 54%, positive impoliteness with 18 data or 20%, bald-on record impoliteness with 11 data or 12%, sarcasm or mock politeness with 8 data or 9%, and withhold politeness with 4 data or 4%. The kinds of speech acts found in this research are directive with 41 data or 46%, representative with 22 data or 24%, expressive with 21 data or 23%, commissive with 4 data or 4%, and declaration with 2 data 2%. The classification of speech acts found in the impoliteness strategies are directive in negative impoliteness with 30 data or 33%, expressive in negative impoliteness with 12 data or 13%, representative in positive impoliteness strategy with 8 data or 9%, representative acts in bald-on record impoliteness with 7 data or 8%, directive in positive impoliteness with 6 data or 7%, representative in negative impoliteness strategy with 4 data or 4%, expressive in sarcasm or mock politeness with 4 data or 4%, directive in bald-on record impoliteness with 4 data or 4%, commissive in negative impoliteness with 3 data or 3%, expressive in withhold politeness with 3 data or 3%, expressive in positive impoliteness with 2 data or 2%, declaration acts in positive impoliteness strategy with 2 data or 2%, representative in sarcasm or mock politeness strategy with 2 data or 2%, commissive in sarcasm or mock politeness with 1 datum or 1%, directive in sarcasm or mock politeness with 1 datum or 1%, and representative in withhold politeness with 1 datum or 1%. Based on the result of this research, directive speech act in negative impoliteness strategy is the most frequent utterances performed by the main antagonist in Cruella movie

Experimental investigation and statistical modelling for assessing the sliding wear of Futilized Filament Fabrication (FFF) fabricated parts

A significant historical enabler for the improvement of industrial goods has been the characterization of novel materials. For example, a large variety of polymeric materials are readily accessible to manufacture the appropriate items depending on the production method. Due to its capacity to produce components with complicated geometries without the need for tools or a human interface, fused filament fabrication (FFF) is acquiring a unique edge in the industrial sector. By adjusting process parameters at the right values, the qualities of FFF-built items may be enhanced since they rely heavily on these factors. Increasing the service life of functioning components requires taking wear resistance into account. Because of this, the current work concentrates on a thorough investigation to comprehend the impact of 3 crucial elements, including layer thickness, printing speed, also infill density, infill density, and the sliding wear of test specimens. A mechanism of wear is explained by utilizing microphotographs

Recycling of Sewage Sludge Ash in Polymer Structures

In this study sewage sludge ash (SSA) particles were used as filler in the polyester resin to fabricate particulate composites with various filler contents of 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7 wt%. The tensile, flexural, impact, hardness, chemical composition and scanning electron microscope tests wear done on the samples in accordance with ASTM standards. The results were improved at the particle content of 5 wt% for the tensile and flexural strength and then showed reducing trend with extra particle addition. Tensile and flexural modulus values of the particulate polyester composites significantly enhanced compared with the unfilled polyester composite. Energy Dispersion Spectrometry (EDS) results showed that the SSA contains elements and oxides which may increase adhesion force with polymer. In spite of the particle content of SSA that used with polymer to produce various structures for different applications was low, this study approved that using of SSA can protect the environment due to increasing the amount of SSA can affect the environment badly in addition to produce cheaper polymer composite for industrial applications

Nephroprotective effect of Dapsone against Gentamicin-Induced Acute Nephrotoxicity in Rats

Nephrotoxicity is one of the major complications and clinical limitations of gentamicin. This study aimed to evaluate the nephroprotective effect of dapsone against gentamycin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats. Twenty-four healthy rats weighing between (270-300) g were equally divided into three groups, eight rats in each group:  control group received normal saline (2mL/kg/day I.P.) for 10 days , gentamicin group received (100 mg/kg/day I.P.) for 10 days, and dapsone group received (5 mg/kg/day p.o) concomitantly with gentamicin (100 mg/kg/day I.P.) for 10 days. At the end of experiment, blood and kidney tissue samples were collected from all animals for biochemical and histopathological examination. Dapsone exhibited nephroprotective effect manifested by a significant decrease in serum levels of BUN, creatinine and KIM-1 with a significant increase total protein serum level. Besides, it improves oxidative and inflammatory biomarkers of tissues, which was demonstrated by improving histological changes when compared to the gentamicin group. In conclusion, dapsone has a  nephroprotective effect by counteracting the renal deleterious effect of gentamicin

Relationship of development changes in odontoblasts and ameloblasts to the initiation of mineralization at the apical end of undecalcified rat incisor teeth.

At the growing end of the rat incisor tooth, the mineralization of dentin is thought to be initiated by the matrix vesicles produced by young odontoblasts. The initiation process in enamel remains largely unknown. New evidence indicates that, in both cell types, localized amorphous mineral deposits appear as small plaques within the plasma membrane and constitute calcium binding sites which act as nucleating centers for the formation of hydroxyapatite crystals. In the young odontoblasts, the membrane plaques appear to bud off from the surface to become matrix vesicles, within which the amorphous deposits give rise to crystals. These serve as starting points for the deposition of dentinal minerals. In the young ameloblasts, the membrane plaques directly become associated with needle-like crystals but do not form matrix vesicles. These crystals lengthen to eventually become enamel minerals. Thus, in both dentin and enamel, the formation of crystalline structures would be initiated by the deposition of amorphous inorqanic material within the plasma membrane.A l'extrémité proximale de l'incisive du rat, minéralisation de la dentine semble se faire à partir des "vesicules de la matrice" produites par le jeune odontoblaste, alors que dans le cas de l'émail le mécanisme n'est pas connu. De nouvelles observations indiquent que, dans les deux types de cellules, de petites plaques composées de minéraux amorphes apparaissent dans la membrane plasmatique où ils constituent des centres de nucléation pour la formation de cristaux d'hydroxyapatite. Chez le jeune odontoblaste, les plaques semblent être libérées sous forme des vésicules de la matrice, dans lesquelles les minéraux amorphes donnent naissance à des cristaux. Ceux-ci servent de points de départ pour l'accumulation des minéraux de la dentine. Chez le jeune améloblaste, les plaques donnent naissance à des cristaux en forme d'aiquille mais non à des vésicules de la matrice. Ces cristaux s'allongeraient pour devenir les minéraux de l'émail. Ainsi, dans la dentine comme dans l'émail, la formation des structures cristallines fait suite au dépôt de minéraux amorphes dans la membrane plasmatique

Elevated temperature, freezing-thawing and wetting-drying effects on polypropylene fiber reinforced metakaolin based geopolymer composites

In this study, metakaolin-based geopolymer samples produced by substitution of silica fume and cole-manite waste up to 20% were subjected to high-temperature effects at 300, 600, 900 degrees C, the wetting-drying effect of 5, 15 and 25 cycles and freezing-thawing effect of 56 and 300 cycles. At the end of the tests, compressive and flexural strengths, ultrasonic pulse velocity and weight changes' results were examined. In addition to these, micro-computed tomography (CT), XRD and SEM analyses were performed to examine the microstructure properties as well as visual inspection. 5 series produced for high temperature and wetting-drying effects were also produced with polypropylene fiber. It has been observed that samples exposed to 900 degrees C maintained their stability. Polypropylene fiber has been shown to increase the samples' flexural strength results compared to the non-fiber samples after exposing to high temperatures. For the freezing-thawing effect, air-entraining admixture was added to 5 series. An increase for compressive strength was seen after 56 cycles but a decrease was seen after 300 cycles. The geopolymer samples thus began to suffer the real distortion effect in subsequent cycles after the freezing-thawing effect, which contributed to geopolimerization in a sense occurring in the first 56 cycles. During the wetting-drying cycles, fluctuations were observed in the results and an increase in the compressive strength, UPV and weight changes' results after 5 cycles, a decrease in the results after 15 cycles and an increase again in the results after 25 cycles were seen. (C) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved

Effect of using colemanite waste and silica fume as partial replacement on the performance of metakaolin-based geopolymer mortars

In this work, metakaolin was partially replaced with two waste materials and the effect of adding those materials on the behavior of the resulted geopolymer composites was investigated regarding physical properties. A comparison was then made between non-fibrous samples and polypropylene fiber reinforced ones in terms of ultrasonic pulse velocity, abrasion resistance, flexural and compressive strength tests together with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and XRD analyses. In general, results revealed the fact that replacement materials proved to be beneficial. When compared to control sample, colemanite and silica fume samples yielded an improvement of 14.61% and 29.44% in flexural strength, 2.02% and 11.48 in compressive strength, 10.59% and 20% in abrasion resistance. Addition of polypropylene fibers generally helped in improving flexural strength and abrasion resistance of the samples. Microstructural analysis showed a good degree of geopolymerization of the resulted matrix. Colemanite represents a potential usable material in the geopolymer technology especially in Turkey which possesses the world's largest boron reserves. (C) 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved

Mechanical and microstructural characterization of fiber reinforced fly ash based geopolymer composites

In this paper, an experimental investigation was carried out to study some mechanical and microstructural characteristics of fly ash based geopolymer mortars reinforced with three different fiber types. Steel, polypropylene, and polyvinyl alcohol fibers were used and the effect of their addition on the geopolymer composites behavior regarding strength properties, abrasion resistance, and drying shrinkage was studied, furthermore, a microstructural analysis was carried out to understand the geopolymeric matrix composition and its bonding to the fibers. Results showed that the addition of fibers improved the strength characteristics of the geopolymer composites, for instance, the existence of Steel and polyvinyl alcohol fibers increased the flexural strength of the geopolymer composite 31.45% and 39.84% respectively with respect to control sample. Moreover, all fiber reinforced geopolymer composites yielded a drying shrinkage of less than 400 microstrains and an abrasion resistance of less than 1 g. Microstructural analysis of the non-fibrous geopolymer control sample revealed a good degree of geopolymerization and the fibers yielded an acceptable interfacial bonding with the geopolymeric binder. (C) 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved

Endoscopic endonasal cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea repair: a cohort study in Iraq

Abstract Background Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) rhinorrhea is a condition where the protective fluid that surrounds the brain finds its way into the nose and sinuses, often appearing as a very watery runny nose. The main surgical approaches for the surgical repair of CSF leaks are intracranial and extracranial. Over the last decade, endoscopic surgery has established itself as the most widely used technique for the repair of CSF fistula. The current study aimed to describe the use of nasal endoscopic technique in the management of cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea repair. Results Results of our study showed that in addition to CSF leak, 40% of the patients had headache and 17.5% had repeated meningitis. Half of the etiologies for the CSF leak were spontaneous, 35% were congenital, and 15% were traumatic. The more frequent site of leak was left cribriform plate (37.5%). In the majority of patients, 37/40 (92.5%), the type of graft was tensor fascia lata and fat, while in the remaining 3 patients, type of graft was tensor fascia lata and bone, bone and fat, and tensor fascia lata. The repair succeeded in 35 patients giving a success rate of 87.5%. Conclusion It can be concluded that wide range of age groups from 2–62 years presented as CSF rhinorrhea with female predominance, and there was high success rate of endoscopic CSF rhinorrhea repair with low morbidity