FocusStack and StimServer: a new open source MATLAB toolchain for visual stimulation and analysis of two-photon calcium neuronal imaging data

Two-photon calcium imaging of neuronal responses is an increasingly accessible technology for probing population responses in cortex at single cell resolution, and with reasonable and improving temporal resolution. However, analysis of two-photon data is usually performed using ad-hoc solutions. To date, no publicly available software exists for straightforward analysis of stimulus-triggered two-photon imaging experiments. In addition, the increasing data rates of two-photon acquisition systems imply increasing cost of computing hardware required for in-memory analysis. Here we present a Matlab toolbox, FocusStack, for simple and efficient analysis of two-photon calcium imaging stacks on consumer-level hardware, with minimal memory footprint. We also present a Matlab toolbox, StimServer, for generation and sequencing of visual stimuli, designed to be triggered over a network link from a two-photon acquisition system. FocusStack is compatible out of the box with several existing two-photon acquisition systems, and is simple to adapt to arbitrary binary file formats. Analysis tools such as stack alignment for movement correction, automated cell detection and peri-stimulus time histograms are already provided, and further tools can be easily incorporated. Both packages are available as publicly-accessible source-code repositories

Insular cortex hypoperfusion and acute phase blood glucose after stroke: a CT perfusion study

<p><b>Background and Purpose:</b> Insular cortex ischemia is proposed to mediate a sympathetic stimulus that leads to acute hyperglycemia after stroke.</p> <p><b>Methods:</b> We retrospectively analyzed insular perfusion on perfusion CT (median 180 minutes after onset) in 35 patients.</p> <p><b>Results:</b> We found no association of hypoperfusion (relative cerebral blood flow <0.51) with early (<6 hours) or delayed (<72 hours) hyperglycemia, or hemispheric lateralization.</p> <p><b>Conclusions:</b> Insular cortex hypoperfusion <6 hours after stroke onset was not associated with hyperglycemia.</p&gt

Cell Therapy for Type 1 Diabetes

Acknowledgements The work described in this review was supported by a grant from the MRC. K.R.M. is supported by a fellowship from the Scottish Translational Medicines and Therapeutics Initiative through the Wellcome Trust.Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Early History Of ISNA

The International Symposia on Nonlinear Acoustics, now referred to as ISNA, have convened regularly since 1968, bringing together scientists and engineers to report and discuss the latest developments in this branch of nonlinear physics. The fact that this series of symposia is still going strong after more than four decades is testimony that nonlinear acoustics has established itself as a distinct, important, and vibrant field of research. In this paper we take a look back at the early years of ISNA to recall how it all began and trace the evolution of the symposia into their current form.Applied Research Laboratorie

A new mini-navigation tool allows accurate component placement during anterior total hip arthroplasty.

Introduction: Computer-assisted navigation systems have been explored in total hip arthroplasty (THA) to improve component positioning. While these systems traditionally rely on anterior pelvic plane registration, variances in soft tissue thickness overlying anatomical landmarks can lead to registration error, and the supine coronal plane has instead been proposed. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of a novel navigation tool, using registration of the anterior pelvic plane or supine coronal plane during simulated anterior THA. Methods: Measurements regarding the acetabular component position, and changes in leg length and offset were recorded. Benchtop phantoms and target measurement values commonly seen in surgery were used for analysis. Measurements for anteversion and inclination, and changes in leg length and offset were recorded by the navigation tool and compared with the known target value of the simulation. Pearson\u27s Results: The device accurately measured cup position and leg length measurements to within 1° and 1 mm of the known target values, respectively. Across all simulations, there was a strong, positive relationship between values obtained by the device and the known target values ( Conclusion: The preliminary findings of this study suggest that the novel navigation tool tested is a potentially viable tool to improve the accuracy of component placement during THA using the anterior approach

Governance and institutional changes in fisheries : issues and priorities for research

Policy, Fishery policy, Cambodia, Bangladesh, Philippines, Malawi, Mozambique,

Default Settings in Defined Contribution Plans – a Comparative Approach to Fiduciary Obligation and the Role of Markets

Both the United States and Australia have increased the use of default settings in defined contribution (DC) plans such as 401(k)s. However, policy makers in the two countries have taken different approaches to important aspects of default investment products. This article discusses the regulation of those default investment products particularly regarding the assignment of fiduciary responsibility. It concludes that Australia’s approach offers two lessons for the U.S. First, disclosure to and education of participants who are defaulted into investment products appears to be of limited value to those participants. Second, to the extent possible, the locus of fiduciary responsibility for default investment products should be on those who are expert on and manage those products.http://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/89594/1/1168_Muir.pd