A Role of Vitamin B2 in Reducing Amyloid-beta Toxicity in a Caenorhabditis elegans Alzheimer’s Disease Model

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is associated with amyloid-beta peptide deposition and loss of mitochondrial function. Using a transgenic C. elegans AD worm model expressing amyloid-beta in body wall muscle, we determined that supplementation with either of the forms of vitamin B2, flavin mononucleotide (FMN) or flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) protected against amyloid-beta mediated paralysis. FMN and FAD were then assayed to determine effects on ATP, oxygen consumption, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) with these compounds not significantly improving any of these mitochondrial bioenergetic functions. Knockdown of the daf-16/FOXO transcriptional regulator or the FAD synthase enzyme completely abrogated the protective effects of FMN and FAD, while knockdown of the mitochondrial unfolded protein response factors ubl-5 or atfs-1 also blocked the protective effects. Therefore, vitamin B2 supplementation could lead to the activation of conserved signaling pathways in humans to delay the onset and progression of neurodegenerative diseases such as AD

Political Measures in the Administration of Justice in Metropolitan Sokoto, 1804 - 1837

In every Islamic state, Shari’ah as a legal principle/system is being practiced to ensure principally that the Ummah is been safeguarded. This comes through it elements otherwise components that allows its dynamism to reflect in the administration of justice. Some of these elements include: Maslaha, Siyasat and Ta’azir. Siyasat however formed a significant aspect where legal issues are being resolved without tempering the purpose of law (Maqāsid al-Shariۥ ah). This paper examines the application of Siyasat al-Shar’iyyah in the administration of Justice in Sokoto Metropolis during its reformatory stage (1804-1837). The choice of Sokoto province was informed by the fact that, it was the headquarters of the Caliphate as a result of which Sokoto became the seat of the Caliph where all appeals and referral cases were forwarded to. This paper concluded that the principle of Siyasat al-Sharۥۥ iyyah was used as a measure in handling some judicial cases in the Caliphate only with a view to achieve the Maqāsid Shari’ah

Impact of Global Economic Meltdown on Property Development in Bauchi, Nigeria

The global economic meltdown is a situation in which the economy of a country experiences a sudden downturn brought on by a financial crisis. This global recession was caused by so many factors, thus, inflation rate, exchange rate, interest rate, unemployment rate, etc. This paper examined the impact of the global economic meltdown on property development in Bauchi, Nigeria. Data for the study are mainly primary in the form of questionnaires administered. The study had property development as an endogenous variable while a high-interest rate and unemployment rate as exogenous variables to measure the constructs. Multiple Regression were used to analyze the data. Among the study, findings are that high relationship exists between the two predictor variables (High-Interest Rate & Unemployment Rate) and dependent variable (property Development) where ‘R’ of 0.724 means the correlation is about 72 %; with R2 of 0.052 indicate that 5.2 % correlation, the analysis also depict in coefficient table that high-interest rate has more influence on dependent variable (PD) than unemployment rate. The analysis signified that the impact of the global economic meltdown has a positive effect on the dependent variable. Based on the findings, the study recommended governments and financial institutions intervention to curb the impediment of property development in Bauchi, Nigeria

Unsecure School Environment and School Phobic Behavior

This study determines the level of student’s school phobic behavior as a result of insecurity of school environment. The study was guided by one research question and one null hypothesis. The population of the study was all the secondary schools in Maiduguri, Borno state numbering about the same of the study was senior secondary students in Maiduguri metropolis. Data was collected by the use of school refusal scale developed by Kneary and Sliverman (1993). The data collected were analyzed by the use of descriptive statistic of determine the level of students school phobic behavior as well as ascertain the difference of students school phobic behavior across gender. The result indicated that the SRS students’ scores were normally distributed and that there was no significant difference between male and female school phobic behavior. Some research commendations were suggested. Keywords: insecurity, environment, phobic behavior, school

THE IMPACT OF ICT IN ADULT AND NON FORMAL EDUCATION IN NIGERIA: A REVIEW

This article is attempting to comprehend the effects of Information and Communication Technology in the exercises of Adult and Non-Formal and Education. It diagrams various techniques to confer training by using Information and Communication Technology (ICT) apparatuses, developments, and arising patterns. Simultaneously, this text features the benefits accumulated by the utilization of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) in teaching and learning processes. The effect of Information and Communication Technology on all schooling areas raises difficulties for legislatures, educators and learners. There is a more noteworthy interest for and reception of innovation in training in adult and non-formal education. The realization of the potential of ICTs to improve educational practices is a series of pedagogical and practical challenges. This article considers the issues starting with the basic motivation behind instruction and closes by raising a progression of difficulties that instructive foundations should confront in case they are to effectively coordinate ICT into educating and learning rehearses. The inescapable utilization of ICTs for long-lasting learning just as local area strengthening is a huge pattern in realizing in the current century

Psychoanalysis of Social Studies Teachers’ Assessment Competence in Secondary Schools in Nasarawa State Nigeria

The affective domain is the main focus of social studies as a subject. This should be reflected in the teaching and assessment of social studies. It would appear that, there is a cognitive orientation to the teaching and evaluation of the subject among social studies teachers in Junior Secondary Schools in Nasarawa State. This paper sets out to find, if social studies teachers generally assess the affective domain to an acceptable level and the proportion of teachers who meet the acceptable level of evaluation as specified by the study. Keywords: Assessment, Social studies, Competence, Secondary school

Accessibility and Utilization of Information Resources by Academic Staff of Federal University Gusau amid Telecommunication shutdown in Zamfara State.

The study investigates accessibility and utilization of information resources by academic staff of Federal University Gusau amid telecommunication shut down in Zamafara state. The researchers adopted quantitative research method using cross sectional survey design. Simple random sampling was adopted for the study and the Sample size of 169 was determined using Krejcie and Morgan table. Data was collected using questionnaire and the data collected was analyzed using descriptive statistics with the help of statistical package for social science (SPSS). The finding revealed that majority of the respondents strongly agreed that visiting libraries and offline databases in the electronic library served as opportunity of accessing information during the internet shut down in the state. The study further found that books materials, newspaper and journal are the available and most utilized resources by the academic staff of the university during the shutdown. Similarly, the study found out that information accessed and utilized by the staff during the period was for manly lecture note preparation, research purpose, knowledge sharing and personal communication. the study also revealed that the staff encountered some challenges while accessing and utilizing the information during the period that include time constraint, insufficient information richness of the alternative source compared to the internet, poor personal communication, inadequate information for preparing lecture note and inadequate information for research. The study recommended that academic staff of the university be encouraged to access and utilize information from various sources, library in the university should double its efforts of creating awareness of the existence of various sources of information in the library and lastly the need for the academic staff of the university to keep themselves abreast with the various technique of accessing the alternatives sources information

Performance and cost of production of fattening Uda sheep fed diets containing different energy levels in a semi-arid environment

An experiment was conducted to determine optimum energy level for fattening Uda sheep in a semi arid environment. Twenty entire male animals with an average weight of 29kg were used in a completely randomized experimental design (CRD). The animals were fed diets containing 2200, 2400, 2600 and 2800 kcals metabolizable energy (ME) / kg of diet. The findings of the study revealed that dry matter (DM) intake and live weight gain (LWG) increased with increasing energy level (P<0.05). Beyond 200 kcals ME / kg, DM intake and LWG tended to decrease (P>0.05). Fattening animals fed diets containing 2600 and 2800 kcal ME / kg were the same (P>0.05) in terms of LWG. Cost of feed / kg LWG was lower for the animals fed diet containing 2600 kcals ME / kg. It was concluded that the optimum energy level found suitable for fattening Uda sheep in semi-arid zone was 2600 kcal ME /kg. The energy value observed from the study could be used by livestock keepers who intend to grow or fatten animals. Studies should be carried out to evaluate the energy requirement of other sheep breeds; so also mineral and vitamin requirements for growth and fattening.Keywords: Uda sheep, fattening, energy, cost, die

Cognitive Styles Field Dependence/Independence and Scientific Achievement of Male and Female Students of Zamfara State College of Education Maru, Nigeria

This study was conducted to examine the association between cognitive styles (Field dependence/Independence) and scientific achievement in Male and Female student of Biology and Integrated science Department of Zamfara State College of Education Maru, the is correlational. A population of 700 students were used, in which 150 were randomly selected using simple random sampling technique. The instrument used in this study is Latent Patterns which was developed by Witkin etal., the reliability coefficient of .82 was established for both Male and Female students, in order to answer the questions descriptive statistics was used as well as t-test, one way analysis of variance ANOVA and Schulte post was also employed. This study revealed that there is significant relationship between Male and Female students Field dependence and Field independence and their academic achievement, the findings also indicates that cognitive styles   (Field dependence/Independence)  is a significant predictor of scientific achievement in Male and Female student of Biology and Integrated science students of Zamfara State College of Education Maru. Keywords: Cognitive Style, Field dependence and Field Independenc

Knowledge of modern contraceptives among undergraduate students of College of Health Sciences of Usmanu Danfodiyo University Sokoto, Nigeria

Background: Many undergraduate students in Nigerian Universities are at increased risk of sexually transmitted infections, unwanted pregnancies with resultant illegal abortions. The aim of this study is to assess the undergraduate students’ knowledge of contraceptives. Understanding the knowledge of contraception among students is essential in tackling unwanted pregnancies among youths.Methods: The researchers use cross-sectional survey, a quantitative approach to the stated objective. About fifty five (55) female students aged 18 to 21 years were enrolled in the study using purposive sampling technique. The instrument for data collection was a structured questionnaire. The fifty five (55) completed questionnaires were retrieved and data analyzed using SPSS version 20.Results: The result showed that current overall contraception knowledge was low, while general contraceptive knowledge is high among the student. However, the knowledge of both short-term and long term acting contraceptive methods were very low as reported by the respondents.Conclusions: This study has implication for health education especially on the use of modern contraceptives. Thus, recommendations were highlighted to improve students’ knowledge of the various contraceptive methods