Scorching chilies

Without chilies, one’s cooking would be very bland and tasteless. A dash of chilli powder will add more body and flavour to the food. Chilies are not only used in main dishes, but also in desserts, chocolates and beverages. Chillies are used for different purposes: the Malays use dried or fresh chilies by blending or pounding them using a mortar and pestle. The Indians on the other hand use green chillies and chilli powder to be added to their curries. Whereas, the Chinese only use a small amount of chillies in their cuisine. A burning hot chilly produce an awakening affect and increase the acuity of the senses. Chilies are also known for its stimulant effect; as such they help in blood circulation and raise body temperature

Batik discharge and discharge-resist printing on lyocell, linen (flax), polyester and polyester/cotton blend fabrics / Muhammad Ismail Ab Kadir

Batik fabric is printed using physical resist printing method i.e. the use of wax as physical resist agent. Discharge printing is opposite to resist printing. The use of chemical whether as resist or discharge agents to create batik motifs will produce fabrics known as 'fabrics with batik motifs ' i.e. not a true batik according to the definition. The purpose of this research was to produce batiks on ' new' fibers /fabrics of lyocell , linen , polyester and 65/35 polyester/cotton blend fabrics by the application of discharge and discharge-resist printing styles. The techniques used were canting , block and hand screen printing. Discharge printing style was applied on both lyocell , linen , polyester and 65/35 polyester/cotton blend fabrics whilst , discharge-resist printing style was carried out polyester and 65/35 polyester/cotton blend fabrics. The dischargeability of dyestuffs (reactive and disperse) was determined prior to the application of discharge and discharge-resist styles. The fixation methods applied on the printed fabrics were dry heat and ironing. The printed fabrics were then evaluated base on discharge effects and fastness properties to washing , rubbing (crocking), perspiration and light. Tensile strength of unprinted and printed fabrics was also compared. The discharge and discharge-resist styles provide alternative techniques to batik producers in varying their products and designs as well as their method of printing. The ' impossible' to print batik designs on polyester and 65/35 polyester/cotton blends and introduction of new fibers /fabrics of lyocell and linen will create a new market potential for batik producers which can cater different classes of society due to the differences in quality of fibers /fabrics

Flood Monitoring and Warning System

Flood is one of the natural disasters that occurs every year in Malaysia and also worldwide. It destroys the infrastructure and causes fatalities. Flood monitoring system can monitor the flood level and warn people upon the danger of the flood. Existing flood monitoring techniques include multi-satellite analysis, image classifications and wireless sensor networks. Unlike the existing systems, this project intends to develop a more robust and durable system which can withstand the wet weather condition. It aims to monitor the water level and alert the authorities as well as notifying victims. In order to do this, the system needs to have the basic information such as water conditions, water level and precipitation level to detect the increase of water level during flood. Two major components consisting of the sensor network and the data transmission were designed in this project. A Global Systems for Mobile communication (GSM) was used as the means of transmitting the water level to the user and rescue team to alert the flood condition

Design and analysis of manufacturing facilities for friction stir welding process / Muhammad ‘Afwan Ab Razak

Friction stir welding, FSW is a solid-state welding process. This welding process involved the penetration of rotating tool which consists of shoulder and prolonged by a pin into a metal plate, followed by advancing speed to weld the metal plate. The aim of this project is to contribute in developing manufacturing facilities for friction stir welding process. A conventional milling machine has been converted to perform a friction stir welding process by designing a suitable rotating tools and jigs and fixtures. In the process, a tool made of H13 steel was designed and used. Then, for the design of jigs and fixtures, a clamping system was applied in order to prevent the workpieces from dispersal or lifting and to ensure that the uniform distribution of temperature and pressure along the specimen throughout the process. The design of the tool, jigs, and fixtures was fabricated and tested by joining two similar plates of aluminum alloys AA6061-T6 to verify the designed. The tests showed promising results with defects-free welds, good strength and smooth surface finish without gap creation between the welded specimens. The percentage of losses of the material during FSW welding process was too small which is 0.67%. The smoothest surface roughness of the specimen weldment was 2.519 μm at 1270 rpm rotating speed and 218 mm/min welding speed. The maximum efficiency of the weldment strength was 65% respected to AA6061-T6 at 218 mm/min welding speed and 1270 rpm rotating speed. These results encourage using and improving the present design for future studies of FSW

The factors that influence career decision making among undergraduate: A case study in UiTM Kelantan / Muhammad Nasyran Ab Rahman

Students all over the world are faced with the problem regarding career decision making. Moreover, this phenomenon becomes more difficult when facing prospective undergraduate. This study was conducted to determine the relationship between financial benefits, non-financial benefit, interpersonal factors and intrinsic factors on career decision making. Target population selected from undergraduate students of Universiti Teknologi MARA Kelantan. Based on population size, 337 students are defined by using stratified sampling technique from four different faculties. Questionnaire was used as data collection and Structural Equation Modeling to analyze the inter-relationship between construct. Since the questions have the reliability and validity, an accurate data are required to proceed on several statistical techniques. As a result, financial benefits and intrinsic factor have significant effect on career decision making. While, non-financial benefits and interpersonal factors are not supported the hypothesi

THE STUDY OF EFFECT OF CALCIUM CARBONATE SCALE PRECIPITATION TO THE CORE SAMPLE PERMEABILITY

Generally, scale deposited in downhole pumps, tubing, casing flowlines, heater treaters, tanks, and other production equipment and facilities. The formations of these scales plug production lines and equipment and impair fluid flow. Their consequence could be production-equipment failure, emergency shutdown, increased maintenance cost, and an overall decrease in production efficiency. This prooject was conducted to investigate the permeability reduction caused by precipitation of calcium carbonate scale in few cores from mixing of calcium chloride solution and sodinm bicarbonate solution which create artificial brine. The study will be focusing on the effect of salt concentration to the degree of scaling and to the permeability reduction of the core sample. Two experiments has been conducted which are beaker test and core test. Beaker test was conducted to determine the effect of different concentration to the amount of precipitation where the rate of reaction, nucleation and crystal growth can be observed. Core test was conducted to investigate the effect of different concentration of solution mixture to the permeability of core sample. From the result it shows a large extent of permeability damage caused by calcium carbonate that precipitated on the rock pore surface. The worst case is when I.OM concentration of mixture used where 15% permeability decrease has been recorded when the core sample saturated in the solution. The rock permeability decline indicates the influence of the concentration of brine

Infilling Direction and Fluid Communication in the E2.0 Reservoir of the Kolo Creek Oil Field, Niger Delta

A suite of oil samples from the E2.0 reservoir in the Kolo Creek oil field in Niger Delta, Nigeria were analysed to discern possible fluid communication between the wells of the reservoir and charging/infilling direction of the reservoir using geochemical tools. The study reveals a close similarity in percentage contents of the saturates, aromatics, resins and asphaltenes in all the oils. The maturity gradient clearly shows a maturation trend in the Southwest-Northeast direction which indicates that subsequent charge from the oil kitchen were more mature than the initial charges. The reservoir appears to be charged with hydrocarbons from source kitchen in the Southwest to Northeast direction. In addition, the use of the interparaffins from the GC fingerprints for correlating the oils indicates a significant degree of communication between the oils thereby ruling out any significant in-reservoir barrier. This information suggests potential ease in producing the R2.0 reservoir and the possibility of other accumulations in the periphery of the field.Keywords: Kolo Creek, reservoir geochemistry, reservoir continuity, Niger Delta, petroleum migration, biomarkers

The Experimental Analysis of Predictive Control Scheme in High Frequency Gate Driver Design

Predictive Dead Time Control Scheme is used in gate driver to overcome the problems relating to the td. This control scheme applies the prediction concept based on the feedback output from the circuit to predict and reduce the tdon the switching cycle of the gate driver. Therefore by using the application of the predictive dead time control scheme, the problem related with the td can be minimized

PENGARUH KONSENTRASI AGEN PENGIKAT SILANGTERHADAP KARAKTERISTIK PIRASINAMID TERENKAPSULASITHE EFFECT OF VARIED CONCENTRATION CROSSLINK AGENTON CHARACTERISTIC OF PYRAZINAMIDE ENCAPSULATED

dan karakteristik fisika dan kimia dari pirasinamid terenkapsulasi kitosan-alginat. Metode enkapsulasipirasinamid yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini, yaitu metode gelasi ionotropik dengan Ca2+ sebagai agenpengikat silang. Enkapsulasi pirasinamid dilakukan dengan menggunakan polimer alginat dan kitosan denganmemvariasi CaCl2 sebagai agen pengikat silang. Konsentrasi CaCl2 yang digunakan adalah 0,05 M; 0,10 M;0,15 M; 0,20 M; dan 0,25 M. Pirasinamid terenkapsulasi kitosan-alginat diukur efisiensi enkapsulasinyamenggunakan spektrofotometer UV-Vis, hasil enkapsulasi tertinggi sebesar 94,344% yakni pada konsentrasiCaCl20,15 M. Hasil uji disolusi menunjukkan pada medium usus mikroenkapsulasi larut pada jam ke-22sedangkan pada medium lambung belum menunjukkan tanda-tanda akan larut hingga hari ke-8. Hasil analisismenggunakan PSA menunjukkan bahwa ukuran partikel optimum terbentuk pada konsentrasi CaCl2 0,15 Mdengan distribusi ukuran pada rentang 72,95-410,1 nm.Kata Kunci: Enkapsulasi, Pirasinamid, Kitosan, Alginat, CaCl2.Abstract. This study aimed to determine the effect of CaCl2 concentration on encapsulation efficiency andcharacteristic physics and chemical of the pyrazinamid encapsulated on chitosan alginate. Pyrazinamideencapsulation method used in this study, namely gelation method ionotropic with Ca2+ as a crosslink agent.Encapsulation pyrazinamide performed using alginate and chitosan polymers with varying CaCl2 as a crosslinkagent. CaCl2 concentration used were 0.05 M; 0.10 M; 0.15 M; 0.20 M; and 0.25 M. The efficiency ofPirasinamid encapsulated on chitosan-alginate was measured using UV-Vis spectrophotometer, theencapsulation yields was 94.344% which is at a concentration of 0.15 M CaCl2. The dissolution test results inintestinal medium microencapsulation late on the 22nd hours, while in the medium of the stomach has not shownsigns will dissolve until the 8th day. The results of the analysis using PSA showed that the optimum particle sizeformed at a concentration of 0.15 M CaCl2 with a size distribution in the range of 72.95 to 410.1 nm.Keywords: Encapsulation, Pyrazinamide, Chitosan, Alginate, CaCl2