Hubungan Budaya Organisasi Dan Gaya Kepemimpinan Dengan Komitmen Organisasi Pada Perawat Di Ruang Rawat Inap Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah (RSUD) Undata Palu

Manusia merupakan faktor strategis dalam semua kegiatan organisasi yang dibuat atas dasar berbagai visi dan misi. Peran dan tujuan organisasi tersebut dapat dicapai salah satunya dengan memperhatikan komitmen dari anggota organisasi. Komitmen organisasi dari setiap anggota dipengaruhi banyak faktor diantaranya budaya organisasi dan gaya kepemimpinan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan budaya organisasi dan gaya kepemimpinan dengan komitmen organisasi perawat. Metode pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini dengan menggunakan kuesioner yang dibagikan kepada perawat yang berstatus PNS pada 10 Ruang Rawat Inap RSUD Undata Palu yang berjumlah 100 orang dengan metode pengambilan sampel secara purposive sampling. Metode pengolahan data menggunakan program SPSS dengan menggunakan uji chi square yaitu untuk mengetahui arah dan kekuatan hubungan antara budaya organisasi dan gaya kepemimpinan dengan komitmen organisasi pada perawat yang bersifat kategori. Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh adalah ternyata gaya kepemimpinan otoriter dan laissez faire tidak berhubungan dengan komitmen organisasi sedangkan gaya kepemimpinan demokratis dan budaya organisasi berhubungan dengan komitmen organisasi perawat di ruang rawat inap RSUD Undata Palu. Adapun saran yang diberikan berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini yaitu memperhatikan dan mempertimbangkan mengenai ketetapan, nilai atau aturan yang menjadi budaya organisasi serta memperhatikan gaya kepemimpinan yang digunakan dalam setiap situasi untuk meningkatkan komitmen organisasi

Radiostereometric Evaluation of Tendon Elongation After Distal Biceps Repair.

BACKGROUND: Operative repair of distal biceps tendon ruptures has shown successful outcomes. However, little is known about the amount of tendon or repair site lengthening after repair. PURPOSE/HYPOTHESIS: The purpose of this study was to evaluate distal biceps tendon repair via intratendinous radiostereometric analysis to analyze tendon lengthening at different time intervals of healing. The hypothesis was that there is significant lengthening after repair. STUDY DESIGN: Case series; Level of evidence, 4. METHODS: Eleven patients with distal biceps ruptures requiring operative repair were recruited. During repair, two 2-mm tantalum beads with laser-etched holes were sutured to the distal biceps tendon. Beads were evaluated via computed tomography scans immediately postoperatively and at 16 weeks. Radiographs were obtained at time 0 and then at 4, 8, and 16 weeks postoperatively. Measurements were made using the button-to-bead and bead-to-bead distances to assess repair site elongation as well as tendon elongation over time. After final follow-up, patients filled out the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (DASH) questionnaire and underwent ultrasound to confirm the integrity of the tendon. RESULTS: Ten patients had complete ruptures, with 1 having a partial rupture that underwent completion of the tear and subsequent repair. All patients showed statistically significant lengthening after surgery. The mean amount of tendon lengthening after surgery was 22.8 mm (range, 11.2-30.9 mm; P \u3c .05), and the repair site lengthened a mean 17.0 mm (range, 9.6-30.6 mm; P \u3c .05) from surgery to final follow-up. The greatest change in lengthening was noted between time 0 and week 4 (mean, 11.3 mm; P \u3c .05), with the least amount of lengthening between weeks 8 and 16 (mean, 2.6 mm; P \u3c .05). The mean DASH score was 11.2. Final ultrasound evaluations found all tendons to be in continuity. CONCLUSION: All patients undergoing distal biceps tendon repair have significant elongation after surgery, with the greatest amount of lengthening seen in the early postoperative period

Elbow Torque May be Predictive of Anatomic Adaptations to the Elbow After a Season of Collegiate Pitching: A Dynamic Ultrasound Study

Purpose: To determine whether elbow torque was associated with anatomic adaptations of the medial elbow following a season of competitive pitching. Methods: Pitchers from 3 collegiate baseball teams were recruited during the preseason for participation. Before the season, pitchers were recorded throwing 5 game-speed fastball pitches from a standard distance off a mound while wearing a wearable sensor baseball compression sleeve that calculates elbow torque, arm speed, arm slot, and arm rotation. Participants subsequently underwent dynamic ultrasound imaging of the medial elbow, including measurements of the ulnar collateral ligament (UCL) and ulnohumeral joint space to assess elbow laxity. Following a full season of competitive pitching, all testing was repeated, and statistical analysis comparing preseason to postseason sonographic findings was performed. Results: Twenty-eight collegiate pitchers underwent preseason sonographic and kinematic testing. Nineteen pitchers were available for postseason testing. The average age (standard deviation) and playing experience was 19.9 (1.2) and 14.7 (1.5) years. Compared with preseason, there were significant increases in postseason UCL thickness (1.92 ± 0.09 vs 1.56 ± 0.09 mm, P \u3c .01) and elbow laxity (1.77 ± 0.23 vs 1.15 ± 0.22 mm, P = .028) after a season of pitching. No significant changes in pitching kinematic measurements were observed between preseason and postseason testing. Preseason pitching kinematic measurements were significantly associated with increased UCL thickness (arm slot: beta estimate -0.03 ± 0.01, P = .011) and reduction in elbow laxity (elbow torque: beta estimate -0.03 ± 0.01, P = .04) after a season of pitching. Pitchers with increased body weight and arm length demonstrated reduced medial elbow torque during pitching (P \u3c .05). Conclusions: After a season of competitive pitching, adaptive changes of the medial elbow were demonstrated on dynamic ultrasound. However, the influence of pitching kinematic measurements on these adaptations are of small magnitude and unknown clinical significance. Although wearable sensor technology may have value in trending individual pitcher kinematics, no discrete threshold appears to predict the development of adaptive changes at the elbow. Level of Evidence: Level II, prospective observational study

Ab-Initio Calculation of Molecular Aggregation Effects: a Coumarin-343 Case Study

We present time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) calculations for single and dimerized Coumarin-343 molecules in order to investigate the quantum mechanical effects of chromophore aggregation in extended systems designed to function as a new generation of sensors and light-harvesting devices. Using the single-chromophore results, we describe the construction of effective Hamiltonians to predict the excitonic properties of aggregate systems. We compare the electronic coupling properties predicted by such effective Hamiltonians to those obtained from TDDFT calculations of dimers, and to the coupling predicted by the transition density cube (TDC) method. We determine the accuracy of the dipole-dipole approximation and TDC with respect to the separation distance and orientation of the dimers. In particular, we investigate the effects of including Coulomb coupling terms ignored in the typical tight-binding effective Hamiltonian. We also examine effects of orbital relaxation which cannot be captured by either of these models

Inhibition of Biofilm Formation, Quorum Sensing and Infection in Pseudomonas aeruginosa by Natural Products-Inspired Organosulfur Compounds

Using a microplate-based screening assay, the effects on Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 biofilm formation of several S-substituted cysteine sulfoxides and their corresponding disulfide derivatives were evaluated. From our library of compounds, S-phenyl-L-cysteine sulfoxide and its breakdown product, diphenyl disulfide, significantly reduced the amount of biofilm formation by P. aeruginosa at levels equivalent to the active concentration of 4-nitropyridine-N-oxide (NPO) (1 mM). Unlike NPO, which is an established inhibitor of bacterial biofilms, our active compounds did not reduce planktonic cell growth and only affected biofilm formation. When used in a Drosophila-based infection model, both S-phenyl-L-cysteine sulfoxide and diphenyl disulfide significantly reduced the P. aeruginosa recovered 18 h post infection (relative to the control), and were non-lethal to the fly hosts. The possibility that the observed biofilm inhibitory effects were related to quorum sensing inhibition (QSI) was investigated using Escherichia coli-based reporters expressing P. aeruginosa lasR or rhIR response proteins, as well as an endogenous P. aeruginosa reporter from the lasI/lasR QS system. Inhibition of quorum sensing by S-phenyl-L-cysteine sulfoxide was observed in all of the reporter systems tested, whereas diphenyl disulfide did not exhibit QSI in either of the E. coli reporters, and showed very limited inhibition in the P. aeruginosa reporter. Since both compounds inhibit biofilm formation but do not show similar QSI activity, it is concluded that they may be functioning by different pathways. The hypothesis that biofilm inhibition by the two active compounds discovered in this work occurs through QSI is discussed

Solid-state NMR applied to photosynthetic light-harvesting complexes

This short review describes how solid-state NMR has provided a mechanistic and electronic picture of pigment–protein and pigment–pigment interactions in photosynthetic antenna complexes. NMR results on purple bacterial antenna complexes show how the packing of the protein and the pigments inside the light-harvesting oligomers induces mutual conformational stress. The protein scaffold produces deformation and electrostatic polarization of the BChl macrocycles and leads to a partial electronic charge transfer between the BChls and their coordinating histidines, which can tune the light-harvesting function. In chlorosome antennae assemblies, the NMR template structure reveals how the chromophores can direct their self-assembly into higher macrostructures which, in turn, tune the light-harvesting properties of the individual molecules by controlling their disorder, structural deformation, and electronic polarization without the need for a protein scaffold. These results pave the way for addressing the next challenge, which is to resolve the functional conformational dynamics of the lhc antennae of oxygenic species that allows them to switch between light-emitting and light-energy dissipating states

Global Perspectives on Task Shifting and Task Sharing in Neurosurgery.

BACKGROUND: Neurosurgical task shifting and task sharing (TS/S), delegating clinical care to non-neurosurgeons, is ongoing in many hospital systems in which neurosurgeons are scarce. Although TS/S can increase access to treatment, it remains highly controversial. This survey investigated perceptions of neurosurgical TS/S to elucidate whether it is a permissible temporary solution to the global workforce deficit. METHODS: The survey was distributed to a convenience sample of individuals providing neurosurgical care. A digital survey link was distributed through electronic mailing lists of continental neurosurgical societies and various collectives, conference announcements, and social media platforms (July 2018-January 2019). Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics and univariate regression of Likert Scale scores. RESULTS: Survey respondents represented 105 of 194 World Health Organization member countries (54.1%; 391 respondents, 162 from high-income countries and 229 from low- and middle-income countries [LMICs]). The most agreed on statement was that task sharing is preferred to task shifting. There was broad consensus that both task shifting and task sharing should require competency-based evaluation, standardized training endorsed by governing organizations, and maintenance of certification. When perspectives were stratified by income class, LMICs were significantly more likely to agree that task shifting is professionally disruptive to traditional training, task sharing should be a priority where human resources are scarce, and to call for additional TS/S regulation, such as certification and formal consultation with a neurosurgeon (in person or electronic/telemedicine). CONCLUSIONS: Both LMIC and high-income countries agreed that task sharing should be prioritized over task shifting and that additional recommendations and regulations could enhance care. These data invite future discussions on policy and training programs

Trapping of Intermediates with Substrate Analog HBOCaA in the Polymerizations Catalyzer by Class III Polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) Synthase from Allochromatium Vinosum

Polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) synthases (PhaCs) catalyze the formation of biodegradable PHB polymers that are considered as an ideal alternative to petroleum-based plastics. To provide strong evidence for the preferred mechanistic model involving covalent and noncovalent intermediates, a substrate analog HBOCoA was synthesized chemoenzymatically. Substitution of sulfur in the native substrate HBCoA with an oxygen in HBOCoA enabled detection of (HB)nOCoA (n = 2–6) intermediates when the polymerization was catalyzed by wild-type (wt-)PhaECAv at 5.84 hr−1. This extremely slow rate is due to thermodynamically unfavorable steps that involve formation of enzyme-bound PHB species (thioesters) from corresponding CoA oxoesters. Synthesized standards (HB)nOCoA (n = 2–3) were found to undergo both reacylation and hydrolysis catalyzed by the synthase. Distribution of the hydrolysis products highlights the importance of the penultimate ester group as previously suggested. Importantly, the reaction between primed synthase [3H]-sT-PhaECAv and HBOCoA yielded [3H]-sTet-O-CoA at a rate constant faster than 17.4 s−1, which represents the first example that a substrate analog undergoes PHB chain elongation at a rate close to that of the native substrate (65.0 s−1). Therefore, for the first time with a wt-synthase, strong evidence was obtained to support our favored PHB chain elongation model

Measurement of the Positive Muon Anomalous Magnetic Moment to 0.20 ppm

We present a new measurement of the positive muon magnetic anomaly, a_{μ}≡(g_{μ}-2)/2, from the Fermilab Muon g-2 Experiment using data collected in 2019 and 2020. We have analyzed more than 4 times the number of positrons from muon decay than in our previous result from 2018 data. The systematic error is reduced by more than a factor of 2 due to better running conditions, a more stable beam, and improved knowledge of the magnetic field weighted by the muon distribution, ω[over ˜]_{p}^{'}, and of the anomalous precession frequency corrected for beam dynamics effects, ω_{a}. From the ratio ω_{a}/ω[over ˜]_{p}^{'}, together with precisely determined external parameters, we determine a_{μ}=116 592 057(25)×10^{-11} (0.21 ppm). Combining this result with our previous result from the 2018 data, we obtain a_{μ}(FNAL)=116 592 055(24)×10^{-11} (0.20 ppm). The new experimental world average is a_{μ}(exp)=116 592 059(22)×10^{-11} (0.19 ppm), which represents a factor of 2 improvement in precision