Reply to ''Comment on 'Regularizing Capacity of Metabolic Networks' ''

In a recent paper [C. Marr, M. Mueller-Linow, and M.-T. Huett, Phys. Rev. E 75, 041917 (2007)] we discuss the pronounced potential of real metabolic network topologies, compared to randomized counterparts, to regularize complex binary dynamics. In their comment [P. Holme and M. Huss, arXiv:0705.4084v1], Holme and Huss criticize our approach and repeat our study with more realistic dynamics, where stylized reaction kinetics are implemented on sets of pairwise reactions. The authors find no dynamic difference between the reaction sets recreated from the metabolic networks and randomized counterparts. We reproduce the author's observation and find that their algorithm leads to a dynamical fragmentation and thus eliminates the topological information contained in the graphs. Hence, their approach cannot rule out a connection between the topology of metabolic networks and the ubiquity of steady states.Comment: 2 pages, 2 figure

Economic Impact of the Mid-Term Review on Agricultural Production, Farm Income and Farm Survival: A Quantitative Analysis for Local Sub-Regions of Schleswig-Holstein in Germany

This study analyzes the impact of the Mid-Term Review (MTR) on the agricultural sector in Schleswig-Holstein, a federal state in Germany. First, a very detailed farm group linear programming model is built to quantify the effects on agricultural production and farm incomes. The production adjustment to the MTR and its impact on farm profit vary significantly between individual farms. These results depend mainly on the farm type and the resource endowments of the farms. Second, the impact on structural change is examined with a farm survival model. Although the MTR clearly reduces the incomes of several farm types, it accelerates the structural change only gradually.policy reform, modeling production adjustment, farm income, structural change, Community/Rural/Urban Development, Q12, Q18,

Rechtliche und tatsächliche Bekämpfungsansätze gegen Geldwäsche

The present work deals with the basic idea of investigation against unfairly acquired wealth. It represents the view of the police in financial investigation and money laundering. The view of dark financial investment is enormous. The potential for capital recovery is immense. The observation and control of capital flow in part and full organized crime requires qualified resources, but is regularly self-financing. In addition to the previous introduction, especially legal process routes, become the first managerial approaches were examined. By simple probability economic models, but also basic considerations of economics indicators, to the calculation of a successful division, the reader can learn by examples, the possibilities and potential of the business under the Financial Intelligence

Rechtliche und tatsächliche Bekämpfungsansätze gegen Geldwäsche

The present work deals with the basic idea of investigation against unfairly acquired wealth. It represents the view of the police in financial investigation and money laundering. The view of dark financial investment is enormous. The potential for capital recovery is immense. The observation and control of capital flow in part and full organized crime requires qualified resources, but is regularly self-financing. In addition to the previous introduction, especially legal process routes, become the first managerial approaches were examined. By simple probability economic models, but also basic considerations of economics indicators, to the calculation of a successful division, the reader can learn by examples, the possibilities and potential of the business under the Financial Intelligence

Unlocking Complex Soil Systems as Carbon Sinks: Multi-pool Management as the Key

Much research focuses on increasing carbon storage in mineral-associated organic matter (MAOM), in which carbon may persist for centuries to millennia. However, MAOM-targeted management is insufficient because the formation pathways of persistent soil organic matter are diverse and vary with environmental conditions. Effective management must also consider particulate organic matter (POM). In many soils, there is potential for enlarging POM pools, POM can persist over long time scales, and POM can be a direct precursor of MAOM. We present a framework for context-dependent management strategies that recognizes soils as complex systems in which environmental conditions constrain POM and MAOM formation

Legal and factual approaches to solving money laundering

The present work deals with the basic idea of investigation against unfairly acquired wealth. It represents the view of the police in financial investigation and money laundering. The view of dark financial investment is enormous. The potential for capital recovery is immense. The observation and control of capital flow in part and full organized crime requires qualified resources, but is regularly self-financing. In addition to the previous introduction, especially legal process routes, become the first managerial approaches were examined. By simple probability economic models, but also basic considerations of economics indicators, to the calculation of a successful division, the reader can learn by examples, the possibilities and potential of the business under the Financial Intelligence.terrorism, extremism, money laundering,

Use of TD-GC-TOF-MS to assess volatile composition during post harvest storage in seven accessions of rocket salad (Eruca sativa)

An important step in breeding for nutritionally enhanced varieties is determining the effects of the post-harvest supply chain on phytochemicals and the changes in VOCs produced over time. TD- GC-TOF-MS was used and a technique for the extraction of VOCs from the headspace using portable tubes is described. Forty-two compounds were detected; 39 were identified by comparison to NIST libraries. Thirty-five compounds had not been previously reported in Eruca sativa. Seven accessions were assessed for changes in headspace VOCs over 7 days. Relative amounts of VOCs across 3 time points were significantly different - isothiocyanate-containing molecules being abundant on 'Day 0'. Each accession showed differences in proportions/types of volatiles produced on each day. PCA revealed a separation of VOC profiles according to the day of sampling. Changes in VOC profiles over time could provide a tool for assessment of shelf-life

Fish in the City

Aquaculture is the most recent addition to animal husbandry and it is the fastest growing food production industry. Its contribution to world food security in the 21st century is already significant and it is bound to continue to grow because demand for fish for human consumption is rapidly increasing whereas fish supplies from ocean fisheries are likely to decline. The rapid evolution of aquaculture involved a host of innovations of which many were based on R&D activities by public and private research organizations. Applied R&D tends to be the more effective the better focused it is on specific research problems or opportunities. Among the many possible aquaculture production systems on which aquaculture R&D might focus are recirculation aquaculture systems and in this paper we explore crucial aspects of the potential of urban recirculation aquaculture. Our exploration begins with a vision of recirculation aquaculture production plants located at the fringes of cities of converging economies. Such production systems are distinctly different from conventional urban aquaculture systems based on urban sewage. We scrutinize our vision from four perspectives: (i) the expected demand for aquaculture fish from urban consumers; (ii) cost competitiveness of fish produced at the fringes of cities as compared to fish produced in the rural hinterland; (iii) the potential for integration of urban recirculation aquaculture production into the modern food supply chains that are now emerging in converging economies, and (iv) the ecological footprint of aquaculture production compared to that of chicken production. Based on trends in the growth of urban populations world-wide and trends in demand for fish for food we estimate a total urban demand for aquaculture finfish between 11 and 51 million tons in 2025. We use von Thünen's location theory to provide support for the vision to locate recirculation aquaculture plants not within cities and not in their rural hinterland but on the fringes of cities. Moreover, we argue that tightly controlled recirculation aquaculture production would seem to be particularly well suited for being integrated into modern food supply chains. Finally, we compare the ecological footprint of recirculation aquaculture fish with that of industrially produced chicken and we find that the ecological balance depends on the source of energy used. We conclude our exploratory study with some thoughts on the implication for aquaculture R&D of the potential for recirculation aquaculture located on the fringes of cities in emerging economy countries