Early Precambrian Eclogites of the Belomorian Province, Fennoscandian Shield

Early Precambrian eclogites are widespread in the Belomorian Province of the Fennoscandian shield. There are three points of view on the their age: 1) Archean and Paleoproterozoic; 2) solely Mesoarchean; 3) solely Paleoproterozoic. The goal of this field trip is to show all these types of eclogites including Archean and Paleoproterozoic (from the authors' point of view) eclogites, eclogitized Paleoproterozoic coronitic gabbroids, Archean zoisitites and their structural position in the Gridino, Salma (Uzkaya Salma and Shirokaya Salma) and Kuru-Vaara areas of the Belomorian Province. The geological excursions provide a good opportunity for the participants and the reader to exanimate these contradicting points of view immediately at beautiful outcrops on islands of the White Sea, on the benches of the Kuru-Vaara quarry and in the walls of road pits in the Salma area. This Field Guidebook is of interest for geologists, petrologists and geochronologists who study the early evolution of the Earth and HP-UHP metamorphic processes

Early Precambrian Eclogites of the Belomorian Province, Fennoscandian Shield

Early Precambrian eclogites are widespread in the Belomorian Province of the Fennoscandian shield. There are three points of view on the their age: 1) Archean and Paleoproterozoic; 2) solely Mesoarchean; 3) solely Paleoproterozoic. The goal of this field trip is to show all these types of eclogites including Archean and Paleoproterozoic (from the authors' point of view) eclogites, eclogitized Paleoproterozoic coronitic gabbroids, Archean zoisitites and their structural position in the Gridino, Salma (Uzkaya Salma and Shirokaya Salma) and Kuru-Vaara areas of the Belomorian Province. The geological excursions provide a good opportunity for the participants and the reader to exanimate these contradicting points of view immediately at beautiful outcrops on islands of the White Sea, on the benches of the Kuru-Vaara quarry and in the walls of road pits in the Salma area. This Field Guidebook is of interest for geologists, petrologists and geochronologists who study the early evolution of the Earth and HP-UHP metamorphic processes

Edoxaban versus warfarin in patients with atrial fibrillation

Contains fulltext : 125374.pdf (publisher's version ) (Open Access)BACKGROUND: Edoxaban is a direct oral factor Xa inhibitor with proven antithrombotic effects. The long-term efficacy and safety of edoxaban as compared with warfarin in patients with atrial fibrillation is not known. METHODS: We conducted a randomized, double-blind, double-dummy trial comparing two once-daily regimens of edoxaban with warfarin in 21,105 patients with moderate-to-high-risk atrial fibrillation (median follow-up, 2.8 years). The primary efficacy end point was stroke or systemic embolism. Each edoxaban regimen was tested for noninferiority to warfarin during the treatment period. The principal safety end point was major bleeding. RESULTS: The annualized rate of the primary end point during treatment was 1.50% with warfarin (median time in the therapeutic range, 68.4%), as compared with 1.18% with high-dose edoxaban (hazard ratio, 0.79; 97.5% confidence interval [CI], 0.63 to 0.99; P<0.001 for noninferiority) and 1.61% with low-dose edoxaban (hazard ratio, 1.07; 97.5% CI, 0.87 to 1.31; P=0.005 for noninferiority). In the intention-to-treat analysis, there was a trend favoring high-dose edoxaban versus warfarin (hazard ratio, 0.87; 97.5% CI, 0.73 to 1.04; P=0.08) and an unfavorable trend with low-dose edoxaban versus warfarin (hazard ratio, 1.13; 97.5% CI, 0.96 to 1.34; P=0.10). The annualized rate of major bleeding was 3.43% with warfarin versus 2.75% with high-dose edoxaban (hazard ratio, 0.80; 95% CI, 0.71 to 0.91; P<0.001) and 1.61% with low-dose edoxaban (hazard ratio, 0.47; 95% CI, 0.41 to 0.55; P<0.001). The corresponding annualized rates of death from cardiovascular causes were 3.17% versus 2.74% (hazard ratio, 0.86; 95% CI, 0.77 to 0.97; P=0.01), and 2.71% (hazard ratio, 0.85; 95% CI, 0.76 to 0.96; P=0.008), and the corresponding rates of the key secondary end point (a composite of stroke, systemic embolism, or death from cardiovascular causes) were 4.43% versus 3.85% (hazard ratio, 0.87; 95% CI, 0.78 to 0.96; P=0.005), and 4.23% (hazard ratio, 0.95; 95% CI, 0.86 to 1.05; P=0.32). CONCLUSIONS: Both once-daily regimens of edoxaban were noninferior to warfarin with respect to the prevention of stroke or systemic embolism and were associated with significantly lower rates of bleeding and death from cardiovascular causes. (Funded by Daiichi Sankyo Pharma Development; ENGAGE AF-TIMI 48 ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00781391.)