Measuring teaching and learning performance in higher education

The purpose of this paper was to establish a psychometric scale for measuring teaching and learning performance in the institution of higher learning. It is enlisted based on Kirkpatrick’s four levels of evaluation model. The researcher also establishes the content validity through a series of expert review, pre-test and pilot testing using Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA). The EFA provides dimensionality of measures for teaching and learning performance and the scale alpha coefficient (Cronbach’s alpha) in the range of 0.894 to 0.904 provides a reliable measure of internal consistency in pilot testing. Later, the confirmatory factor analyses (CFA) using Structural Equation Model (SEM) provide empirical evidence of the unidimensionality, convergent, discriminant, and construct validity together with the normality of data and reliability of the teaching performance scales in the survey of 592 students’ evaluation. Based on the field study data, the confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) for the measurement model in SEM verified the construct of the teaching and learning performance scales. Establishing a psychometric scale of teaching and learning performance using Kirkpatrick’s four levels of evaluation is an innovative step towards teaching quality and efficiency. Theoretically, this study had provided a new dimension for the psychometric scale of teaching and learning performance based on Kirkpatrick's model of the reaction (level 1) and learning (level 2). Practically, both trainers and academic staff may use this measurement to assess their performance based on student evaluation in the context institution of higher education

Peranan Faktor Demografik Dalam Hubungan Antara Motivasi, Gaya Pembelajaran, Disiplin Pembelajaran dan Pencapaian Akademik Pelajar

Demographic factors are factors that determine the relationship between motivation, learning style and learning discipline on the academic achievement of Islamic education. Indeed, this study was carried out to determine the relationship between the motivation, learning style and learning discipline to the academic achievement of Islamic education. A total of 260 fourth graders become study samples. The study shows that male genitalia have a modest impression (moderator) that is significant in the relationship between motivation and academic achievement, but female females are not and the conclusion that females have a full moderation in this relationship. Both jantina (male and female) do not have a significant moderating impression in the relationship between motivation and learning discipline and the conclusion that jantina does not have a simple moderation effect in this relationship. Furthermore, the two jantinas (male and female) have a significant moderating impression in the relationship between learning styles and academic achievement and the conclusion is that Jantina has a partial mediation in this relationship. Whenever, female marriage is a significant moderator in the relationship between the discipline of learning and academic achievement, but male sex is not and the conclusion that the female has a full moderation in this relationship

Effects of behavioural competencies on emotional intelligence and teaching performance of university academics in Malaysia

The purpose of this study was to examine the causal effect and the correlational relationship between the constructs of emotional intelligence (EI), behavioural competencies before, during, and after teaching delivery (BC-BDA-TD), as well as teaching performance (TP) in the context of public universities in Malaysia. In addition, the mediation effects of behavioural competencies before, during, and after the teaching delivery (BC-BDA-TD) construct were also investigated. On top of that, this study answered four research questions and tested four main hypotheses. The units of analysis were academic staff and students (1:3) from the faculty of business / management/ accounting / economics that derived from the three clusters of public higher learning institutions (research, focus, and comprehensive universities) in Malaysia. Hence, two sets of self-administered questionnaire surveys were established based on adoption and adaptation of theories / previous studies as the instrument for data collection. Besides, multi stages of sampling procedures (stratified, cluster, and simple random) were employed as the study involved a sample size of 226 academic staff and 592 students as respondents in this study. Furthermore, a statistical analysis using SPSS was employed to carry out a descriptive analysis on the demographic data. Other than that, as for inferential analysis, the Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) using AMOS was employed to answer the research questions and to test the hypotheses in this study. As a result, this study revealed that emotional intelligence (EI) had a significant and direct effect on teaching performance in the context of public universities in Malaysia. Hence, the two sub-dimensions of emotional intelligence, namely personal and social competence, significantly and directly affected their teaching performance. Moreover, the study had discovered that the two levels of teaching performance measured at the reaction (level 1) and learning (level 2) levels were significantly and directly influenced by an emotional intelligence of the academic staff. The findings also implied that the behavioural competencies of the academic staff before, during, and after the teaching delivery were directly influenced by the emotional intelligence of the academic staff, and further directly affected their teaching performance. Meanwhile, with the academic staffs’ behavioural competencies during teaching delivery as a mediator, the academic staffs’ emotional intelligence indirectly and completely affected their teaching performance. In fact, there was a ‘large effect’ of behavioural competencies by the academic staff during teaching delivery on their teaching performance. Therefore, the two sub-dimensions of ‘applying adult learning’ (AAL) and ‘demonstrating effective communication’ skill (DECS) were identified as significant under behavioural competencies during teaching delivery (BC-D-TD) in the context of this study. There was also a large mediation effect of academic staffs’ behavioural competencies during teaching delivery as a mediator between emotional intelligence and teaching performance. This exhibited that emotional intelligence among academic staff indirectly and partially affected their teaching performance through their behavioural competencies after teaching delivery (BC-A-TD). Apart from that, there was a small effect of academic staffs’ behavioural competencies after teaching delivery (evaluating students / ES) on their teaching performance. In contrary, there was a ‘large mediating effect’ of academic staffs’ behavioural competencies after the teaching delivery as a mediator between emotional intelligence and teaching performance. Thus, ‘evaluating students’ (ES) under the BC-A-TD had disclosed a ‘large effect’ in linking academic staffs’ emotional intelligence and teaching performance. Overall, these research findings supported all the hypotheses, answered the four research questions, and achieved the objectives set out in this study. With that, this study has successfully addressed the gaps found in previous studies, has contributed to the body of knowledge, as well as in providing useful implications to the public universities in Malaysia

The Effect of Perceived Transformational Leadership Style on Employee Engagement: The Mediating Effect of Leader’s Emotional Intelligence

Employee engagement has been at the center of attention for human resource personnel and researchers who stated that employee engagement can be a key driver of an organization's business success. Many researchers have found in recent researches that a transformational leadership style has a beneficial connection with employee engagement. Thus, this study aims to find the causal effect of perceived transformational leadership on employee engagement through the mediating role of leader’s emotional intelligence. We analyze the data from a sample of 338 full-time employees working in the ICT sector in Palestine using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and structural equation modelling (SEM) to test the hypothesis. Later, the bootstrapping analysis was conducted to confirm the mediation test in this study. The finding shows that transformational leadership style has a significant effect on employee engagement for the mediating role of emotional intelligence. The effect of transformational leadership on employee engagement was found to be completely mediated by leader’s emotional intelligence at work. Theoretically, this empirical study contributed to the new knowledge on the unique mediating effects of leader’s emotional intelligence in the relationship between transformational leadership and employee engagement in the Middle Eastern Region. Practically, this study has managerial implication in the area of organizational management, leadership and human resource management

Ramification of crowdfunding on Bangladeshi entrepreneur’s self-efficacy

The novel funding sources turn out to be important for the Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) sector all over the world especially after 2007-2008 world financial crisis. Thus, to develop a new business idea and start-ups, SMEs need a sufficient amount of capital. However, after the financial crisis in 2008, SME sector faced the challenges of attracting new capital. Therefore, an innovative method of fundraising for SME was introduced as crowdfunding. Crowdfunding indicates financing a project or an idea via the internet owing the help from the many investors or donors of a society. Since there are limited works about the influence of Crowdfunding on Entrepreneur Self-efficacy (ESE), hence, to minimize the research gap and to achieve the objective of the study, we conduct a quantitative research among 190 entrepreneurs in Bangladesh using crowdfunding based on Social Cognitive theory. The data were analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) in IBM-SPSS-Amos 25.0 and the stated hypotheses were tested. The study found a direct and positive effect of Crowdfunding on Entrepreneur’s Self-efficacy (β=0.924, P=.001). Overall, the result has landed support for crowdfunding, which indicates that it can influence on self-efficacy of entrepreneur. In order to determine the need of crowdfunding, we have explained and statistically demonstrated how crowdfunding can provide a supplementary channel where firms can gain finance and to create self-efficacy of entrepreneurs through exploiting the potential of internet

Expert review and pre-testing of behavioural supervision in higher education

Purpose: The rationale for the postgraduate supervision measures for higher education by the call for universities to adopt a systematic practice in postgraduate supervision through new supervisors' exposure to creative ways of monitoring. This paper aims at understanding, improving and validating the content of behavioral supervision measures using the expert review and pretesting analysis. Design/methodology/approach: The authors developed, modified and operationalized the items based on the developmental supervision theoretical concept by Glickman (1980) to measure the behavioral supervision of postgraduate in higher education. The authors obtain comments and verification from experts for content validity and criterion validity. Later, the authors do pretesting of face validity. Findings: The result of the expert review and pretesting, analysis, provides measures (items) for the following seven stages (components) of postgraduate behavioral supervision: listening/clarifying; encouraging; presenting/demonstrating; negotiating/problem-solving; directing; standardizing and reinforcing. Practical implications: The findings contribute to the rational development of supervision measures and functional transformation in the postgraduate supervision process in higher education at national and international contexts. Social implications: These supervision measures, if practiced by the supervisors and postgraduates' students, will accelerate and achieve the aspiration initiative of the Ministry of Higher Education. In general, based on the needs identified, the positive impact of this study can improve national and international postgraduate program educational outcomes. Originality/value: There is limited number of empirical research which resulted in postgraduate behavioral supervision measures in the context of higher education

THE IMPACT OF GREEN RECRUITMENT AND SELECTING ON SUSTAINABLE BUSSINESS ADAVANTAGE: A MEDIATING ROLE OF GREEN SUPPLY CHAIN

<p><i><strong>Abstract</strong></i></p><p><i>In recent times, there has been increased recognition among organizations regarding the importance of achieving a harmonious equilibrium between economic growth and environmental preservation, leading to a greater emphasis on sustainable business practices. A critical component of sustainable business involves implementing green recruitment strategies that aim to attract and choose employees who are environmentally aware and possess the essential competencies to actively contribute to sustainable initiatives. This research investigates the influence of green recruitment on the competitive advantages derived from sustainable business practices while also exploring the intermediary role played by the green supply chain. By employing a combination of quantitative and qualitative methodologies, this study gathered data from a varied selection of organizations spanning various industries. The findings demonstrate a favorable correlation between green recruitment and the attainment of sustainable business advantages, indicating that organizations that actively seek out and hire individuals with environmentally conscious values and skills are more inclined to secure competitive edges in sustainability-related aspects. Additionally, the research highlights the pivotal role played by the green supply chain in mediating this relationship. The results imply that organizations should give significant importance to implementing green recruitment strategies in order to strengthen their sustainable business advantages. By actively attracting and choosing environmentally conscious employees, organizations can cultivate a sustainability-oriented culture and harness the expertise and abilities of their workforce to propel sustainable initiatives. Furthermore, the study emphasizes the significance of incorporating green supply chain practices, as it acts as a catalyst to fully unlock the potential benefits of green recruitment endeavors. This study makes a valuable contribution to the expanding knowledge base surrounding sustainable business practices, shedding light on the importance of green recruitment and its influence on sustainable business advantages. The findings hold practical implications for organizations seeking to improve their sustainability performance and gain a competitive advantage in the marketplace. By adopting green recruitment strategies and making investments in a green supply chain, organizations can adopt a comprehensive approach to sustainability and establish themselves as industry leaders.</i></p&gt