Neocortical tissue recovery in severe congenital obstructive hydrocephalus after intraventricular administration of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells

BACKGROUND: In obstructive congenital hydrocephalus, cerebrospinal fluid accumulation is associated with high intracranial pressure and the presence of periventricular edema, ischemia/hypoxia, damage of the white matter, and glial reactions in the neocortex. The viability and short time effects of a therapy based on bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSC) have been evaluated in such pathological conditions in the hyh mouse model. METHODS: BM-MSC obtained from mice expressing fluorescent mRFP1 protein were injected into the lateral ventricle of hydrocephalic hyh mice at the moment they present a very severe form of the disease. The effect of transplantation in the neocortex was compared with hydrocephalic hyh mice injected with the vehicle and non-hydrocephalic littermates. Neural cell populations and the possibility of transdifferentiation were analyzed. The possibility of a tissue recovering was investigated using 1H High-Resolution Magic Angle Spinning Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (1H HR-MAS NMR) spectroscopy, thus allowing the detection of metabolites/osmolytes related with hydrocephalus severity and outcome in the neocortex. An in vitro assay to simulate the periventricular astrocyte reaction conditions was performed using BM-MSC under high TNFα level condition. The secretome in the culture medium was analyzed in this assay. RESULTS: Four days after transplantation, BM-MSC were found undifferentiated and scattered into the astrocyte reaction present in the damaged neocortex white matter. Tissue rejection to the integrated BM-MSC was not detected 4 days after transplantation. Hyh mice transplanted with BM-MSC showed a reduction in the apoptosis in the periventricular neocortex walls, suggesting a neuroprotector effect of the BM-MSC in these conditions. A decrease in the levels of metabolites/osmolytes in the neocortex, such as taurine and neuroexcytotoxic glutamate, also indicated a tissue recovering. Under high TNFα level condition in vitro, BM-MSC showed an upregulation of cytokine and protein secretion that may explain homing, immunomodulation, and vascular permeability, and therefore the tissue recovering. CONCLUSIONS: BM-MSC treatment in severe congenital hydrocephalus is viable and leads to the recovery of the severe neurodegenerative conditions in the neocortex. NMR spectroscopy allows to follow-up the effects of stem cell therapy in hydrocephalus.España Instituto Carlos III , PI15/00619 (to AJJ), PI19/00778 (to AJJ and PPG), PI15/00796, and PI18/01557España Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte FPU13/02906España, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad RYC-2014-16980España, FEDER Andalucía y Universidad de Málaga UMA18-FEDERJA-27

Gene network downstream plant stress response modulated by peroxisomal H2O2

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) act as secondary messengers that can be sensed by specific redox-sensitive proteins responsible for the activation of signal transduction culminating in altered gene expression. The subcellular site, in which modifications in the ROS/oxidation state occur, can also act as a specific cellular redox network signal. The chemical identity of ROS and their subcellular origin is actually a specific imprint on the transcriptome response. In recent years, a number of transcriptomic studies related to altered ROS metabolism in plant peroxisomes have been carried out. In this study, we conducted a metaanalysis of these transcriptomic findings to identify common transcriptional footprints for plant peroxisomal-dependent signaling at early and later time points. These footprints highlight the regulation of various metabolic pathways and gene families, which are also found in plant responses to several abiotic stresses. Major peroxisomal-dependent genes are associated with protein and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) protection at later stages of stress while, at earlier stages, these genes are related to hormone biosynthesis and signaling regulation. Furthermore, in silico analyses allowed us to assign human orthologs to some of the peroxisomal-dependent proteins, which are mainly associated with different cancer pathologies. Peroxisomal footprints provide a valuable resource for assessing and supporting key peroxisomal functions in cellular metabolism under control and stress conditions across species.Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities (MCIU)State Research Agency (AEI)FEDER grant PGC2018-098372-B-I00MCIU Research Personnel Training (FPI) grant BES-2016-07651

Ovine HSP90AA1 gene promoter: functional study and epigenetic modifications

Publishe

Hacia un modelo sociocultural explicativo del alto rendimiento y de la alta capacidad I: Ámbito familiar

ABSTRACTIn this article we propose a Sociocultural explanatory model of high perfomance and high ability. This model is the result of, o one hand, the evolution of Psychology and related science, like pedagogy and education al guidance, during the last decades, towards the integration of cognitive, emotional and sociocultural variables, and, on the other hand, the result of the evolution and development of the research carried out by our own group, especially regarding the unexpected information come up during the research process. To have a wide and understanding model is essential to guarantee the psychopedagogical intervention and guidance processes which favour a high development and performance, as well as, an appropriate attention to the students with high abilities. This model includes six aspects, in the present article we focus on one of them: the family field.RESUMENEn este artículo proponemos un Modelo sociocultural explicativo del alto rendimiento y de la alta capacidad. El modelo es consecuencia, por un lado, de la propia evolución que la psicología, y ciencias afines, como la pedagogía y la orientación educativa, han sufrido a lo largo de las últimas décadas, tendiéndose cada vez más a integrar variables de tipo cognitivas, afectivas y socioculturales; y por otro, de la propia evolución y desarrollo de las investigaciones realizadas por el equipo, especialmente de la información emergente y no prevista surgida durante el proceso de investigación. Contar con un modelo amplio y comprensivo resulta esencial para garantizar los procesos de orientación e intervención psicopedagógica que favorezcan un alto desarrollo y rendimiento y una atención adecuada a los estudiantes con altas capacidades. En el modelo se concretan seis dimensiones, en este artículo nos centraremos en una de ellas: el ámbito familiar.ABSTRACTIn this article we propose a Sociocultural explanatory model of high perfomance and high ability. This model is the result of, o one hand, the evolution of Psychology and related science, like pedagogy and education al guidance, during the last decades, towards the integration of cognitive, emotional and sociocultural variables, and, on the other hand, the result of the evolution and development of the research carried out by our own group, especially regarding the unexpected information come up during the research process. To have a wide and understanding model is essential to guarantee the psychopedagogical intervention and guidance processes which favour a high development and performance, as well as, an appropriate attention to the students with high abilities. This model includes six aspects, in the present article we focus on one of them: the family field

Prevalencia de la Lactancia Materna en Huelva, duración y factores relacionados

Objective: To know the prevalence and duration of the breastfeeding, as well as the relation with the sociodemographic, obstetric and child and maternal education factors. Design: descriptive observational study. Site: seven health centers of Huelva city. Participants: 268 mothers of 1-2 y.o. children. The selection was made straight, in order of arrival. Main measurements: prevalence and duration of the breastfeeding, sociodemographic characteristics, perinatal characteristics and complementary feeding. Results: The 52,9 % (CI:46,99-58,91) of the sample initiated the exclusive breastfeeding. Six months later remained the 19,7 % (CI:15,33-24,87). The 63,4% (CI:57,54-69,04) initiated the total breastfeeding, 47,7% (CI:41,82-53,75) continue with it 3 months later and the 26,1% (CI:21,12-31,63) 6 months later. The breastfeeding is related with: the academic education of the mother, the number of children, to attend the workshops childbirth preparation, number of sessions, level of satisfaction with maternal and child education, to have requested assistance on breastfeeding, to know the breastfeeding support group and to have atended to it.Conclusions: The prevalence of the breastfeeding is less concerning than expected by the national data, the length of it is far from the recommendations of the WHO and the educational level of the mother, favors the prevalence and duration of breastfeeding. Health professionals must continue with their promotion and support.Objetivos: Conocer la prevalencia y duración de la Lactancia Materna (LM), así como la relación con las variables sociodemográficas, obstétricas y de educación materno infantil. Diseño: Estudio observacional descriptivo. Emplazamiento: siete centros de salud de Huelva capital. Participantes: 268 mujeres con niños de 1 a 2 años. La selección se hizo consecutiva, por orden de llegada. Mediciones principales: prevalencia y duración de LM, características sociodemográficas, características perinatales y alimentación complementaria. Resultados: Iniciaron la LM exclusiva un 52,9 % (IC:46,99-58,91). A los seis meses permanecen un 19,7% (IC:15,33-24,87). Un 63,4% (IC:57,54-69,04) comienzan lactancia materna total (exclusiva o mixta), un 47,7% (IC:41,82-53,75) continúa con ella a los 3 meses y un 26,1% (IC:21,12-31,63) a los 6 meses. La LM está relacionada con: la formación académica de la madre, el número de hijos, asistir a los talleres de preparación al parto, número de sesiones, nivel de satisfacción con respecto a la educación materno infantil, haber solicitado ayuda sobre LM, conocer el grupo de apoyo a la lactancia y haber asistido al mismo. Conclusiones: La prevalencia de LM es baja con respecto a lo esperado por los datos nacionales, la duración de la misma se aparta de las recomendaciones de la OMS y el nivel educativo de la madre favorece la prevalencia y duración de la LM. Los profesionales de la salud debemos continuar con su promoción y apoyo

Diez años de innovación docente en Filología Clásica en la Comunidad Autónoma de Madrid (I)

Los últimos años han sido muy fructíferos en iniciativas oficiales de innovación y mejora de la calidad docente en el ámbito de la Comunidad de Madrid. Tanto en la Universidad, a través de los PIMCD (o análogos), como en los TMFP del ICE (o análogos), como en enseñanza secundaria, se han puesto en marcha diferentes iniciativas y proyectos con el objetivo de mejorar la docencia y la recepción por parte de los estudiantes de las materias relacionadas con el riquísimo legado cultural de Grecia y Roma. La Sociedad Española de Estudios Clásicos ha sido también una institución promotora a través de la convocatoria de premios anuales que reconocen el trabajo de los docentes y estudiantes de estas materias. Sin embargo, a pesar de lo mucho y bueno realizado, se echa en falta una labor que recabe toda la información dispersa, la estructure y organice y, sobre todo, la ponga a disposición, cuando ello sea posible, de los docentes y estudiantes. Por otra parte, los filólogos clásicos se han incorporado de lleno a la profunda renovación metodológica que ha supuesto la irrupción de las TICS en el ámbito docente, sustituyendo las antiguas metodologías basadas en la repetición por otras mucho más dinámicas y polivalentes. Nuestra tarea se restringe a los últimos diez años, los más prolíficos desde el punto de vista de la innovación en Clásicas, sin que ello sea obstáculo para que en convocatorias posteriores ampliemos nuestro abanico cronológico y geográfico

Proyecto Virtus inter pares: el reto de la ética

Contamos la experiencia del primer año del proyecto de innovación docente PID 4ª, denominado Virtus inter Pares, durante el curso académico 2009-2010, en la Universidad de Jaén

Pautas de consumo y efectos del alcohol en Instagram en tiempos de COVID-19

Introducción: Compartir “eventos de la bebida” se ha convertido en una práctica habitual entre las personas jóvenes en redes como Instagram. La pandemia por el Covid-19 ha reestructurado tanto sus pautas de consumo de alcohol, como los usos que hacen de las redes sociales. Objetivos y Métodos: Describir en profundidad las pautas de consu- mo de alcohol y los efectos de este consumo que se muestran en Instagram en una muestra de 118 jóvenes y ado- lescentes en España a través de la etnografía digital. Resultados y Conclusiones: Instagram es parte de la fiesta, parte imbricada en la vida cotidiana de las personas jóvenes, en la que se comparten regularmente imágenes deseables de las pautas de consumo de alcohol y sus efectos. Adolescentes y jóvenes construyen un modelo online idealizado de pautas de consumo de alcohol en el que sólo son visibles los efectos de la fase de desinhibición tras el consumo y se obvian el resto de las fases de los efectos del alcohol en el organismo. Es fundamental incluir estas nuevas formas de transmisión de las pautas de consumo de alcohol en la normativa española que regula la venta y uso de alcohol.Introduction: Sharing “drinking events” has become a common practice among young people on Instagram. The Covid-19 pandemic has restructured both their alcohol consumption patterns and their use of social networks. Ob- jective and Methods: To describe in depth the patterns of alcohol consumption and the effects of this consumption shown on Instagram in a sample of 118 young people and adolescents in Spain through digital ethnography. Results and Conclusions: Instagram is part of the party, part embedded in the daily lives of young people, in which desirable images of drinking patterns and their effects are regularly shared. Adolescents and young people build an idealized online model of alcohol consumption patterns in which only the effects of the disinhibition phase after consumption are visible and the rest of the phases of the effects of alcohol on the body are ignored. It is essential to include these new forms of transmission of alcohol consumption patterns in the Spanish regulations that regulate the sale and use of alcohol.Esta investigación está financiada por el Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación. Programas Estatal de Generación de Conocimiento y Fortalecimiento Científico y Tecnológico del Sistema de I+D+i orientada a los Retos de la Sociedad. (PID2019-105122RB-I00/AEI/10.13039/501100011033)

Atherosclerotic Pre-Conditioning Affects the Paracrine Role of Circulating Angiogenic Cells Ex-Vivo

In atherosclerosis, circulating angiogenic cells (CAC), also known as early endothelial progenitor cells (eEPC), are thought to participate mainly in a paracrine fashion by promoting the recruitment of other cell populations such as late EPC, or endothelial colony-forming cells (ECFC), to the injured areas. There, ECFC replace the damaged endothelium, promoting neovascularization. However, despite their regenerative role, the number and function of EPC are severely affected under pathological conditions, being essential to further understand how these cells react to such environments in order to implement their use in regenerative cell therapies. Herein, we evaluated the effect of direct incubation ex vivo of healthy CAC with the secretome of atherosclerotic arteries. By using a quantitative proteomics approach, 194 altered proteins were identified in the secretome of pre-conditioned CAC, many of them related to inhibition of angiogenesis (e.g., endostatin, thrombospondin-1, fibulins) and cell migration. Functional assays corroborated that healthy CAC released factors enhanced ECFC angiogenesis, but, after atherosclerotic pre-conditioning, the secretome of pre-stimulated CAC negatively affected ECFC migration, as well as their ability to form tubules on a basement membrane matrix assay. Overall, we have shown here, for the first time, the effect of atherosclerotic factors over the paracrine role of CAC ex vivo. The increased release of angiogenic inhibitors by CAC in response to atherosclerotic factors induced an angiogenic switch, by blocking ECFC ability to form tubules in response to pre-conditioned CAC. Thus, we confirmed here that the angiogenic role of CAC is highly affected by the atherosclerotic environment