Los nobles contra su rey. Argumentos y motivaciones de la insubordinación nobiliaria de 1272-1273

[ES] A través de una sección específica de la Crónica de Alfonso X, se realiza un acercamiento al pensamiento político de la nobleza castellana del siglo XIII, tal y como se refleja en los acontecimientos de 1272-1273. Se sugiere: a) que el auténtico móvil no declarado de la revuelta pudo ser la oposición nobilaria -principalmente de los Lara- a las ambiciones imperiales de Alfonso X; b) que el estudio en profundidad de las reivindicaciones nobiliarias no sólo revela ambiciones e interes particularistas, sino también la existencia de concepciones sobre el reino, la sociedad y el papel de la nobleza en la misma que entran en colisión con las iniciativas articuladas desde la monarquía en los decenios precedentes.[FR] À travers l’analyse du passage de la Chronique d’Alphonse X consacré aux événements des années 1272-1273, l’on tente une approche de la pensée politique de la noblesse castillane du XIIIe siècle telle que ces événements la reflètent. L’on suggère: a) que le véritable mobile, non déclaré, de la révolte a pu être l’opposition nobiliaire -principalement des Lara- aux ambitions impériales d’Alphonse X; b) que l’étude approfondie des revendications nobiliaires ne révèle pas seulement des ambitions et des intérêts particuliers, mais encore l’existence d’idées sur le royaume, la société et le rôle de la noblesse dans celle-ci qui se heurtent aux initiatives monarchiques des décennies antérieures.Peer reviewe

UniHI: an entry gate to the human protein interactome

Systematic mapping of protein–protein interactions has become a central task of functional genomics. To map the human interactome, several strategies have recently been pursued. The generated interaction datasets are valuable resources for scientists in biology and medicine. However, comparison reveals limited overlap between different interaction networks. This divergence obstructs usability, as researchers have to interrogate numerous heterogeneous datasets to identify potential interaction partners for proteins of interest. To facilitate direct access through a single entry gate, we have started to integrate currently available human protein interaction data in an easily accessible online database. It is called UniHI (Unified Human Interactome) and is available at . At present, it is based on 10 major interaction maps derived by computational and experimental methods. It includes more than 150 000 distinct interactions between more than 17 000 unique human proteins. UniHI provides researchers with a flexible integrated tool for finding and using comprehensive information about the human interactome

Cube Laser Communication Terminal state of the Art

Based on the increasing need for higher data rates in CubeSat missions primarily for Earth observation and communication missions mainly focused on Direct-to-Earth (DTE) applications, DLR started the development of a highly compact laser communication payload for CubeSats. In parallel TESAT has used its experience for preparing and developing this technology for volume production. At the same time to ensure the compatibility with the ground stations, DLR started and lead the CCSDS working group for Optical On-Off-Keying (O3K) to further extend the commercial use of CubeLCT terminals. This cooperation between industry and research center has been very successful. The PIXL-1 mission was accomplished in a very agile new space approach, developing and demonstrating the technology in record time. Moreover, in order to enable the potential customers to deploy a complete end-to-end system, TESAT in cooperation with GSOC has specified the interface requirements for developing the first demonstrator for DTE optical system mission planning, mainly focused on the link planning challenges. This concept can be applied to current missions, and allows identifying the needs also for further applications. In addition to DTE links, the increasing demand for higher data rates and low latency communication in upcoming constellations of CubeSats also drives the need to extend the CubeLCT terminal with Inter-Satellite-Linkfunctionality. In continuation to the first development, IKN, RSC3 and TESAT, are currently developing a CubeLCT for intra-plane communication capable of transferring 100 Mbps over 1800 km. The upcoming challenges in operation of inter-satellite-links on CubeSats combined with the possibilities of enabling DTE are also covered in this paper

Improved homology-driven computational validation of protein-protein interactions motivated by the evolutionary gene duplication and divergence hypothesis

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Protein-protein interaction (PPI) data sets generated by high-throughput experiments are contaminated by large numbers of erroneous PPIs. Therefore, computational methods for PPI validation are necessary to improve the quality of such data sets. Against the background of the theory that most extant PPIs arose as a consequence of gene duplication, the sensitive search for homologous PPIs, i.e. for PPIs descending from a common ancestral PPI, should be a successful strategy for PPI validation.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>To validate an experimentally observed PPI, we combine FASTA and PSI-BLAST to perform a sensitive sequence-based search for pairs of interacting homologous proteins within a large, integrated PPI database. A novel scoring scheme that incorporates both quality and quantity of all observed matches allows us (1) to consider also tentative paralogs and orthologs in this analysis and (2) to combine search results from more than one homology detection method. ROC curves illustrate the high efficacy of this approach and its improvement over other homology-based validation methods.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>New PPIs are primarily derived from preexisting PPIs and not invented <it>de novo</it>. Thus, the hallmark of true PPIs is the existence of homologous PPIs. The sensitive search for homologous PPIs within a large body of known PPIs is an efficient strategy to separate biologically relevant PPIs from the many spurious PPIs reported by high-throughput experiments.</p