Perspectivas das pesquisas em gerontologia e geriatria: revisão da literatura

This exploratory descriptive study aimed at identifying and analyzing the tendencies and perspectives regarding research in the areas of gerontology and geriatrics. Initially, authors completed a bibliographical review of the Lilac's Data Bank and publications from 1980 to 2000 found at the University of São Paulo at Ribeirão Preto College of Nursing Library. Authors presented the results in tables and graphs, emphasizing the studies on geriatrics -- 54%. Regarding the approach, authors found, in the last decade (1990 to 2000), an increase of studies in the areas of Biology (32%), Human Resources (18%), Social (17%), Psychology (9,8%), Holism (4,0%), excepting Ethics that remained with the same rate in both periods (0,8%). With respect to the research type, the qualitative ones were predominant (49,2%). Thus, authors concluded that there is an increasing interest of professionals in the area due to the demographic and epidemiological transitions and also regarding the capacitation of human resources to work with the elderly.Estudio exploratorio descriptivo, que buscó identificar y analizar las tendencias y perspectivas en relación con la investigación en las áreas de gerontología y geriatría. Se realizó un levantamiento bibliográfico utilizando el Banco de Datos LILACS y el acervo de la Escuela de Enfermería de Ribeirão Preto/USP de publicaciones multiprofesionales en el periodo de 1980 a 2000. Se presentaron los resultados en tablas y gráficos. Se observó que hubo predominio de los estudios con enfoque geriátrico (54%). En relación con los abordajes y el periodo analizado, hubo en la última década (1990 a 2000), un aumento, distribuyéndose en: Biológica (32%), Recursos Humanos (18%), Social (17%), Psicológica (9,8%), Holística (4,0%), con excepción de la ética que permaneció en el mismo porcentaje en los dos periodos (0,8%). En relación con el tipo de investigación predominó la cualitativa (49,2%). Se concluye que las perspectivas y tendencias en relación con los ancianos indican un compromiso de los profesionales, por la necesidad de conocer las transiciones demográficas y epidemiológicas actuales y a partir de eso, planear acciones de cuidado al anciano. Se observó además, la necesidad de capacitación de recursos humanos, cuyo objetivo seria capacitar personas para el mundo del trabajo al lado de los ancianos, tanto en el ámbito domiciliario como en el profesional.Este estudo é exploratório e descritivo e objetivou identificar e analisar as tendências e perspectivas das pesquisas nas áreas de gerontologia e geriatria. Realizou-se levantamento bibliográfico, junto ao Banco de Dados Lilacs e acervo da Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirão Preto-USP, de publicações multiprofissionais, no período de 1980 a 2000. Apresentaram-se os resultados sob a forma de tabelas e gráficos, destacando-se os estudos com enfoque geriátrico (54%). Quanto às abordagens, houve, na última década (1990 a 2000), aumento, distribuindo-se em Biológica (32%), Recursos Humanos (18%), Social (17%), Psicológica (9,8%), Holística (4,0%), excetuando-se a Ética que permaneceu com o mesmo percentual nos dois períodos (0,8%). Em relação ao tipo de pesquisa, predominou a qualitativa (49,2%). Verifica-se, portanto, que as perspectivas em relação aos idosos indicaram interesse dos profissionais pela temática, tanto pelas transições demográficas e epidemiológicas quanto pela formação de recursos humanos, para o mundo do trabalho junto a idosos, no âmbito profissional e no domiciliar

Efficacy of Papacarie¯ in reduction of residual bacteria in deciduous teeth: a randomized, controlled clinical trial

OBJECTIVES: The aim of the present study was to analyze the efficacy of Papacarie¯ gel compared with the traditional method (low-speed bur) in reducing the counts of total bacteria, Lactobacillus, total Streptococcus and Streptococcus mutans group. METHODS: A randomized, controlled clinical trial with a split-mouth design was performed. The sample comprised 40 deciduous teeth in 20 children (10 males and 10 females) aged four to seven years. The teeth were randomly allocated to two groups: G1, or chemomechanical caries removal with Papacarie Duo¯, and G2, or the removal of carious dentin tissue with a low-speed bur. Infected dentin was collected prior to the procedure, and the remaining dentin was collected immediately following the removal of the carious tissue. Initial and final counts of bacterial colonies were performed to determine whether there was a reduction in the number of colony-forming units (CFUs) of each microorganism studied. ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01811420. RESULTS: Reductions were found in the numbers of total bacteria, total Streptococcus and Streptococcus mutans group following either of the caries removal methods (p;0.05). CONCLUSION: Papacarie¯ is an excellent option for the minimally invasive removal of carious tissue, achieving significant reductions in total bacteria, total Streptococcus and S. mutans with the same effectiveness as the traditional caries removal method

Randomized controlled clinical trial of long-term chemo-mechanical caries removal using PapacarieTM gel

Objectives: Compare the effectiveness of PapacarieTM gel for the chemo-mechanical removal of carious lesions on primary teeth to conventional caries removal with a low-speed bur with regard to execution time, clinical aspects and radiographic findings. Material and Methods: A randomized controlled clinical trial with a split-mouth design was carried out. The sample was composed of 20 children aged four to seven years, in whom 40 deciduous teeth were randomly divided into two groups: chemo-mechanical caries removal with PapacarieTM and removal of carious dentin with a low-speed bur. Each child underwent both procedures and served as his/her own control. Restorations were performed with glass ionomer cement. The time required to perform the procedure was also analyzed. The patients underwent longitudinal clinical and radiographic follow-up of the restorations. Results: No statistically significant difference between groups was found regarding the time required to perform the procedures and the radiographic follow up. Statistically significant differences between groups were found in the clinical evaluation at 6 and 18 months after treatment. Conclusion: PapacarieTM is as effective as the traditional method for the removal of carious dentin on deciduous teeth, but offers the advantages of the preservation of sound dental tissue as well as the avoidance of sharp rotary instruments and local anesthesia

Constituents and antiproliferative activity of extracts from leaves of Croton macrobothrys

Croton macrobothrys Baill, Euphorbiaceae, is a tree from the Atlantic Forest in Southern Brazil, used in traditional medicine and popularly known as "dragon's blood" and "pau-sangue". Leaf n-hexane, dichloromethane and methanol extracts were analyzed by GC/MS and evaluated for their in vitro antiproliferative activity on cell lines 786-0 (kidney), HT-29 (colon), K562 (leukemia), NCI-ADR/RES (drug resistant ovary), NCI-H460 (lung), MCF-7 (mammary), PC-3 (prostate), OVCAR-3 (ovary), U251 (glioma) and UACC-62 (melanoma). The dicloromethane extract exhibited activity against all cell lines at the concentration 25 µg/mL, in particular on cell lines NCI-H460 (GI50 0.33 μg/mL) and K5662 (GI50 0.91 μg/mL). Relevant constituents in dichloromethane extract are the alkaloids corydine and salutaridine, as well as the diterpenes geranylgeraniol and crotonin-derived clerodanes

Constituents and antiproliferative activity of extracts from leaves of croton macrobothrys

Croton macrobothrys Baill, Euphorbiaceae, is a tree from the Atlantic Forest in Southern Brazil, used in traditional medicine and popularly known as "dragon's blood" and "pau-sangue". Leaf n-hexane, dichloromethane and methanol extracts were analyzed by GC/MS and evaluated for their in vitro antiproliferative activity on cell lines 786-0 (kidney), HT-29 (colon), K562 (leukemia), NCI-ADR/RES (drug resistant ovary), NCI-H460 (lung), MCF-7 (mammary), PC-3 (prostate), OVCAR-3 (ovary), U251 (glioma) and UACC-62 (melanoma). The dicloromethane extract exhibited activity against all cell lines at the concentration 25 µg/mL, in particular on cell lines NCI-H460 (GI50 0.33 μg/mL) and K5662 (GI50 0.91 μg/mL). Relevant constituents in dichloromethane extract are the alkaloids corydine and salutaridine, as well as the diterpenes geranylgeraniol and crotonin-derived clerodanes216972977CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICO - CNPQCOORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DE PESSOAL DE NÍVEL SUPERIOR - CAPESFUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO - FAPESPSem informaçãoSem informação08/10595-3; 08/09942-

Constituents and antiproliferative activity of extracts from leaves of Croton macrobothrys

Croton macrobothrys Baill, Euphorbiaceae, is a tree from the Atlantic Forest in Southern Brazil, used in traditional medicine and popularly known as "dragon's blood" and "pau-sangue". Leaf n-hexane, dichloromethane and methanol extracts were analyzed by GC/MS and evaluated for their in vitro antiproliferative activity on cell lines 786-0 (kidney), HT-29 (colon), K562 (leukemia), NCI-ADR/RES (drug resistant ovary), NCI-H460 (lung), MCF-7 (mammary), PC-3 (prostate), OVCAR-3 (ovary), U251 (glioma) and UACC-62 (melanoma). The dicloromethane extract exhibited activity against all cell lines at the concentration 25 µg/mL, in particular on cell lines NCI-H460 (GI50 0.33 μg/mL) and K5662 (GI50 0.91 μg/mL). Relevant constituents in dichloromethane extract are the alkaloids corydine and salutaridine, as well as the diterpenes geranylgeraniol and crotonin-derived clerodanes.21697297

Lenguaje, cognición y psiquismo: análisis del brincar de dos bebés con histórico de sufrimiento psíquico

Este trabajo tiene como objetivo analizar la evolución lingüística y cognitiva de dos niños en sufrimiento psíquico, uno de ellos en riesgo de autismo y otro en riesgo de una estructura no autista, y comparar dos instrumentos de identificación del riesgo psíquico, los Indicadores Clínicos de Riesgo para el Desarrollo Infantil (IRDI) y la Lista de Verificación Modificada para el Autismo en Niños Pequeños (M-CHAT). El análisis del juego mostró un retraso cognitivo y en el lenguaje en ambos casos, siendo este retraso más importante en el caso de riesgo de autismo. Los IRDI lograron diferenciar mejor la dirección de estructuración psíquica que la M-CHAT.This paper aims to analyze the linguistic and cognitive evolution of two babies in psychic suffering, one of them at risk for autism and the other one with non-autistic structuring, and compares two instruments of identification of psychic risk, the Clinical Indicators of Risk/Reference to Child Development (IRDI) and the Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers (M-CHAT). The analysis of playing showed a delay in language and cognitive in both cases, being this delay more important in the case of risk for autism. IRDI managed to better differentiate the direction of psychic structuring than M-CHAT.Este artigo analisa a evolução linguística e cognitiva de dois bebês em sofrimento psíquico, um deles com risco para estruturação autista e outro não autista, e compara dois instrumentos de identificação do risco psíquico, os Indicadores Clínicos de Risco/Referência ao Desenvolvimento Infantil (IRDI) e o Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers (M-CHAT). A análise do brincar evidenciou atraso de linguagem e cognitivo em ambos os casos, sendo esse atraso mais importante no caso de risco para autismo. O IRDI conseguiu diferenciar melhor a direção da estruturação psíquica do que o M-CHAT

Predicting the Proteins of Angomonas deanei, Strigomonas culicis and Their Respective Endosymbionts Reveals New Aspects of the Trypanosomatidae Family

Endosymbiont-bearing trypanosomatids have been considered excellent models for the study of cell evolution because the host protozoan co-evolves with an intracellular bacterium in a mutualistic relationship. Such protozoa inhabit a single invertebrate host during their entire life cycle and exhibit special characteristics that group them in a particular phylogenetic cluster of the Trypanosomatidae family, thus classified as monoxenics. in an effort to better understand such symbiotic association, we used DNA pyrosequencing and a reference-guided assembly to generate reads that predicted 16,960 and 12,162 open reading frames (ORFs) in two symbiont-bearing trypanosomatids, Angomonas deanei (previously named as Crithidia deanei) and Strigomonas culicis (first known as Blastocrithidia culicis), respectively. Identification of each ORF was based primarily on TriTrypDB using tblastn, and each ORF was confirmed by employing getorf from EMBOSS and Newbler 2.6 when necessary. the monoxenic organisms revealed conserved housekeeping functions when compared to other trypanosomatids, especially compared with Leishmania major. However, major differences were found in ORFs corresponding to the cytoskeleton, the kinetoplast, and the paraflagellar structure. the monoxenic organisms also contain a large number of genes for cytosolic calpain-like and surface gp63 metalloproteases and a reduced number of compartmentalized cysteine proteases in comparison to other TriTryp organisms, reflecting adaptations to the presence of the symbiont. the assembled bacterial endosymbiont sequences exhibit a high A+T content with a total of 787 and 769 ORFs for the Angomonas deanei and Strigomonas culicis endosymbionts, respectively, and indicate that these organisms hold a common ancestor related to the Alcaligenaceae family. Importantly, both symbionts contain enzymes that complement essential host cell biosynthetic pathways, such as those for amino acid, lipid and purine/pyrimidine metabolism. These findings increase our understanding of the intricate symbiotic relationship between the bacterium and the trypanosomatid host and provide clues to better understand eukaryotic cell evolution.Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (FAPERJ)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)ERC AdG SISYPHEUniv Fed Rio de Janeiro, Inst Biofis Carlos Chagas Filho, Lab Ultraestrutura Celular Hertha Meyer, BR-21941 Rio de Janeiro, BrazilUniv Fed Rio de Janeiro, Inst Biofis Carlos Chagas Filho, Lab Metab Macromol Firmino Torres de Castro, BR-21941 Rio de Janeiro, BrazilLab Bioinformat, Lab Nacl Computacao Cient, Rio de Janeiro, BrazilINRIA Grenoble Rhone Alpes, BAMBOO Team, Villeurbanne, FranceUniv Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5558, Lab Biometrie & Biol Evolut, F-69622 Villeurbanne, FranceUniv Estadual Campinas, Inst Biol, Dept Genet Evolucao & Bioagentes, São Paulo, BrazilUniv São Paulo, Fac Ciencias Farmaceut Ribeirao Preto, Dept Ciencias Farmaceut, São Paulo, BrazilLab Nacl Ciencia & Tecnol Bioetano, São Paulo, BrazilUniv Fed Minas Gerais, Inst Ciencias Biol, Dept Bioquim & Imunol, Belo Horizonte, MG, BrazilUniv Fed Goias, Inst Ciencias Biol, Mol Biol Lab, Goiania, Go, BrazilFundacao Oswaldo Cruz, Inst Carlos Chagas, Lab Biol Mol Tripanossomatideos, Curitiba, Parana, BrazilFundacao Oswaldo Cruz, Inst Carlos Chagas, Lab Genom Func, Curitiba, Parana, BrazilUniv Estadual Campinas, Ctr Pluridisciplinar Pesquisas Quim Biol & Agr, São Paulo, BrazilUniv Fed Minas Gerais, Inst Ciencias Biol, Dept Parasitol, Belo Horizonte, MG, BrazilUniv Fed Santa Catarina, Dept Microbiol Imunol & Parasitol, Ctr Ciencias Biol, Lab Protozool & Bioinformat, Florianopolis, SC, BrazilUniv Fed Vicosa, Dept Bioquim & Biol Mol, Ctr Ciencias Biol & Saude, Vicosa, MG, BrazilInst Butantan, Lab Especial Ciclo Celular, São Paulo, BrazilUniv São Paulo, Dept Biol, Fac Filosofia Ciencias & Letras Ribeirao Preto, São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Escola Paulista Med, Dept Microbiol Imunol & Parasitol, São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Escola Paulista Med, Dept Microbiol Imunol & Parasitol, São Paulo, BrazilWeb of Scienc

Cartografia e diplomacia: usos geopolíticos da informação toponímica (1750-1850)

O artigo explora dimensões geopolíticas da toponímia, registradas em documentos cartográficos, desde as reformas empreendidas pelo consulado pombalino em meados do século XVIII, até às primeiras décadas do século XIX, em meio ao processo de afirmação do Estado imperial pós-colonial.This paper explores the geopolitical dimensions of toponymy as registered in cartographic documents dating from the reforms pushed through by the consulate of Marquis of Pombal in the mid 18th century to the early decades of the 19th century, as the post-colonial imperial State established itself