Parental Rights and State Education

Wisconsin v. Yoder has injected new vitality into a complaint that has been smouldering for decades, that the balance between state control and parental control over the education of children has tipped too far in favor of the state. The thesis of this article is that this control is being returned to parents, but with one crucial difference: While the older cases found parental prerogatives in the interstices of statutes or in their purposeful interpretation, the re-establishment of these same prerogatives is being manifested on a constitutional basis, in the face of clearly drawn statutes. The article will examine several areas where this has occurred, a few where its occurrence is ripe, and will pause to reflect on the rights of the children as the state and the parents struggle for control over children and their education

Repression of Cell-Cell Fusion by Components of the C. elegans Vacuolar ATPase Complex

SummaryCell-cell fusion initiates fertilization, sculpts tissues during animal development, reprograms stem cells to new differentiated states, and may be a key step in cancer progression. While cell fusion is tightly regulated, the mechanisms that limit fusion to appropriate partners are unknown. Here, we report that the fus-1 gene is essential to repress fusion of epidermal cells in C. elegans: in severe fus-1 mutants, all epidermal cells, except the lateral seam cells, inappropriately fuse into a single large syncytium. This hyperfusion requires EFF-1, an integral membrane protein essential for fusion of epidermal cells into discrete syncytia. FUS-1 is localized to the apical plasma membrane in all epidermal cells potentiated to undergo fusion, whereas it is virtually undetectable in nonfusing seam cells. fus-1 encodes the e subunit of the vacuolar H+-ATPase (V-ATPase), and loss of other V-ATPase subunits also causes widespread hyperfusion. These findings raise the possibility of manipulating cell fusion by altering V-ATPase activity

New York City High-Rises on Rock: Uncovering the Unknown Leads to Variable Foundation Solutions

Construction of high-rise towers in New York City continues to provide exciting challenges for design and construction teams. Sites are becoming increasingly more difficult to build on as “desirable” locations have long since been developed and developers are constructing on sites that were previously over looked. This paper describes two projects that provided unique challenges to the engineers and contractors. The first site is the New York Times Headquarters Tower. This site appeared to be a fairly straightforward foundation design, but became complicated as the subsurface conditions were uncovered. The second case history is the new Bank of America Tower which presented significant design challenges from the outset as it entailed a three basement excavation adjacent to subways and a historic theater façade that required protection. In both cases, close collaboration between the owner, design engineers, construction manager and eventual foundation contractors was required to complete the projects in a timely manner and without adversely affecting adjacent subways, pedestrian traffic, or adjacent historical structures

How Do Californians Define Safe Sex?

Objectives: We examined definitions of “safe sex” among adults in California, and assessed whether definitions varied by sociodemographic characteristics and sexual behavior. Methods: We analyzed crosssectional data from the “AIDS Knowledge, Attitudes, Beliefs, and Behaviors (KABB) Survey,” a statewide telephone survey of California adults conducted in 2000. Results: The four most common definitions of safe sex were condom use (68.0%), abstinence (31.1%), monogamy (28.4%), and safe partner (18.7%). Definitions were associated with sex, age, race/ethnicity, education, and number of sexual partners in the past 12 months. Conclusions: Most adults defined safe sex in terms of condom use either alone or in conjunction with other methods. Individuals’ definitions were complex and varied across sociodemographic groups which suggest the need for policies and programs which reflect this diversity

Special Libraries, May-June 1932

Volume 23, Issue 5https://scholarworks.sjsu.edu/sla_sl_1932/1004/thumbnail.jp