Physical exercise for bone health in men with prostate cancer receiving androgen deprivation therapy: a systematic review

PURPOSE: Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is a treatment used in men with prostate cancer (PCa); however it is responsible for many adverse effects, with negative impact on quality of life. ADT causes loss of bone mineral density (BMD) and skeletal muscle mass, alteration of body composition, and cognitive function, which altogether lead to increased risk of accidental falls and fractures. This systematic review analyses the effectiveness of physical exercise (PE) in preventing accidental falls and fractures and reducing the loss of BMD in men with PCa receiving ADT.METHODS: We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, and the Cochrane Library for articles between database inception and September 2, 2020. Eligible studies included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigating the effects of exercise on bone health in men with PCa receiving ADT.RESULTS: Nine RCTs were included. Experimental PE consisted in multicomponent programmes that involved aerobic, resistance, impact-loading exercise, and football training. None of the RCTs investigated the risk of accidental falls and fractures, while two trials reported beneficial effects of PE on lumbar spine, hip, and femoral shaft BMD. No further significant difference was detected in the outcomes investigated.CONCLUSION: Evidence of the effectiveness of PE to prevent the risk of accidental falls and fractures and BMD loss is lacking. Nevertheless, clinical guidelines recommend PE as a part of the clinical management of men with PCa receiving ADT due to its known numerous health benefits. Research should focus on PE strategies to prevent accidental falls, a clinically relevant outcome in this vulnerable population.TRIAL REGISTRATION: The study protocol was registered with International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO, number CRD 42020158444 ) on 04/28/2020

Preface of the 31st Italian Symposium on Advanced Database Systems

This volume contains the proceedings of the 31st Italian Symposium on Advanced Database Systems (SEBD - Sistemi Evoluti per Basi di Dati), held in Galzinagno Terme (Padua, Italy) from 2 to 5 July 2023.</p

Preface of the 31st Italian Symposium on Advanced Database Systems

This volume contains the proceedings of the 31st Italian Symposium on Advanced Database Systems (SEBD - Sistemi Evoluti per Basi di Dati), held in Galzinagno Terme (Padua, Italy) from 2 to 5 July 2023.</p

Valutazione di Health Technology Assessment del sistema di sanificazione biologico a base di probiotici del genere Bacillus (PCHS)

Le infezioni correlate all’assistenza: priorità per la salute pubblica Epidemiologia delle infezioni correlate all’assistenza in Italia e loro impatto per la salute pubblica Sistemi di sanificazione attualmente disponibili in Italia Il Probiotic Cleaning Hygiene System (PCHS): caratteristiche della tecnologia, aspetti di efficacia e sicurezza Un sistema di sanificazione a base di probiotici per la riduzione delle infezioni correlate all’assistenza e la resistenza antimicrobica: analisi dell’impatto sul budget Impatto ambientale per la salute pubblica degli attuali sistemi di sanificazione di ambienti/superfici in setting assistenziale e comunitario e potenziali benefici dei nuovi sistemi innovativi Analisi delle principali raccomandazioni nazionali su sanificazione e disinfezione degli ambienti sanitari Valutazione etica dell’utilizzo del Probiotic Cleaning Hygiene System (PCHS) in Italia Elementi chiave per il processo decisional

Context Awareness in Pervasive Information Management

Context has been defined as the knowledge that can be used to characterize the situation of any entity that is relevant for the (pervasive) system under consideration: given a target application scenario, a context-aware system supports users and devices by providing selective access to the set of data and operations (e.g., interesting services and information, environmental data, close-by people, points of interest etc.) which is relevant in each specific context. More than that, the relative importance of a piece of information to the same user in different contexts or, reciprocally, to different users in the same context may vary enormously; thus the system can personalize information even further by ranking the provided data on the basis of (contextual) user preferences. This chapter presents an introduction to context-aware information management, first providing a literature review and then introducing the main steps needed to design a context-aware system. Context-related problems particularly relevant within pervasive data management are then discussed. We briefly analyze techniques to efficiently associate contexts with information chunks, the evolution issues which arise when the context representation changes over time, the discovery and application of contextual user preferences, and, last but certainly not least, how context awareness can be enforced in the middleware of a pervasive system

Renal perfusion with histidine-tryptophan-ketoglutarate compared with Ringer's solution in patients undergoing thoracoabdominal aortic open repair

Objective: The objective of this study was to compare the efficacy of renal perfusion with Custodiol (Dr Franz-Kohler Chemie GmbH, Bensheim, Germany) versus enriched Ringer's solution for renal protection in patients undergoing open thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm (TAAA) repair. Methods: Ninety consecutive patients scheduled for elective open TAAA repair were enrolled between 2015 and 2017 in a single-center, phase IV, prospective, parallel, randomized, double-blind trial (the CUstodiol versus RInger: whaT Is the Best Agent [CURITIBA] trial), and randomized to renal arteries perfusion with 4\ub0C Custodiol (Dr Franz-Kohler Chemie GmbH, Bensheim, Germany; n = 45) or 4\ub0C lactated Ringer's solution (n = 45). The incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI) in patients undergoing TAAA open surgery using Custodiol renal perfusion versus an enriched Ringer's solution was the primary end point. Results: Ninety patients completed the study (45 patients in each group). The incidence of postoperative AKI was significantly lower in the Custodiol group (48.9% vs 75.6%; P = .02). In the multivariable model, only the use of Custodiol solution resulted as protective from the occurrence of any AKI (odds ratio, 0.230; 95% confidence interval, 0.086-0.614; P = .003), whereas TAAA type II extent was associated with the development of severe AKI (odds ratio, 4.277; 95% confidence interval, 1.239-14.762; P = .02). At 1-year follow-up, serum creatinine was not significantly different from the preoperative values in both groups. Conclusions: The use of Custodiol during open TAAA repair was safe and resulted in significantly lower rates of postoperative AKI compared with Ringer's solution. These findings support safety and efficacy of Custodiol in this specific setting, which is currently off-label. Keywords: Custodiol solution; acute kidney injury; chronic kidney disease stage; enriched Ringer's; thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm