Geriatric oncology health services research: Cancer and Aging Research Group infrastructure core

Founded by the late Dr. Arti Hurria, the Cancer and Aging Research Group (CARG) is a collaborative, interdisciplinary team of investigators dedicated to improving the care of older adults with cancer through research, advocacy, and other scholarly initiatives.1 As part of the CARG National Institute on Aging R21/R33 infrastructure grant to harness the available expertise and prioritize the development of high-impact research, the Health Services Research (HSR) Core was developed to foster and advance HSR in geriatric oncology. The mission of the HSR Core is to support clinical investigators to design and conduct highquality HSR focused on older adults with cancer and their caregivers including patterns of care, comparative effectiveness, and care delivery. At the first R21/R33 conference held at City of Hope in October 2018, Dr. Harvey Jay Cohen (Chair, CARG Oversight Board and HSR Core) led the development of this Core. In this perspective paper, we present a review of HSR in geriatric oncology to build a foundation for the Core rationale; proposed Core function, workflow, policies, and procedures; anticipated interactions with other CARG Cores; and proposed plans for sustainabilit

Low cycle fatigue in torsion

Completely reversed torsional fatigue failures are reported for two aluminum alloys, 60-40 brass and SAE 4340 steel, in the life range of ½ to 20,000 cycles. Cyclic hysteresis loops were measured and the total plastic strain energy to cause fracture is reported. The results are interpreted using hysteresis energy as a criterion for fatigue damage and also in terms of the Coffin Equation for low cycle fatigue. Both methods of interpretation give good agreement with tests results. For practical purposes, the data is adequately described by substituting shear strains for normal strains in the Coffin Equation

Student symposium on engineering mechanics 6th

Observations relating to an optimum hardness for maximum fatigue strength of steels are reviewed. Data are presented to illustrate the influence of hardness on the mechanical behavior of SAE 1045 steel. Suggested causes for decreased strength and ductility at high hardness are discussed, and the idea is advanced that a transition from shear to tensile governed failure takes place as hardness increases. Resistance to shear stress is envisioned as increasing with hardness while the resistance to tensile stress decreases causing a sharp drop in ductility and strength. This view of the fatigue resistance of hard steels suggests ways to improve performance of hard steels permitting the full strength of potential to be realized

Optimum hardness for maximum fatigue strength of steel

Observations relating to an optimum hardness for maximum fatigue strength of steels are reviewed. Data are presented to illustrate the influence of hardness on the mechanical behavior of SAE 1045 steel. Suggested causes for decreased strength and ductility at high hardness are discussed, and the idea is advanced that a transition from shear to tensile governed failure takes place as hardness increases. Resistance to shear stress is envisioned as increasing with hardness while the resistance to tensile stress decreases causing a sharp drop in ductility and strength. This view of the fatigue resistance of hard steels suggests ways to improve performance of hard steels permitting the full strength of potential to be realized

Polymeric enteral diets as primary treatment of active Crohn's disease: a prospective steroid controlled trial.

Thirty two patients with active Crohn's disease were included in a controlled randomised trial to determine the efficacy and safety of polymeric enteral nutrition compared with steroids, to achieve and maintain clinical remission. The polymeric diet was administered through a fine bore nasogastric tube by continuous, pump assisted infusion (2800 (SEM 120) kcal/day). The steroid group received 1 mg/kg/day of prednisone. Both treatments were effective in inducing clinical remission: 15 of the 17 patients given steroids and 12 of the 15 patients assigned to the polymeric diet went into clinical remission (defined by a Van Hees index < 120) within four weeks of treatment. The percentage reduction of the Van Hees index was 34.8 (4.9)% for steroids and 32.3 (5)% for enteral nutrition (mean difference 2.5%; 95% CI--11.8% to +16.8%). Mean time elapsed to achieve remission was similar in both groups (2.0 (1) v 2.4 (1.2) weeks). Tolerance of the enteral diet was excellent. Four patients in the steroid group had mild complications attributable to this treatment. Ten patients (66.6%) in the steroid group and five (41.6%) in the enteral nutrition group relapsed within a year of discharge, but no differences were found in the cumulative probability of relapse during the follow up period. These results suggest that polymeric enteral nutrition is as safe and effective as steroids in inducing short term remission in active Crohn's disease